Python中的HTTP请求和JSON解析

Question

我想通过Google Directions API动态查询Google地图.例如,此请求通过乔普林,密苏里州和俄克拉荷马城的两个航路点计算从伊利诺伊州芝加哥到洛杉矶的路线,OK:

http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json?origin=Chicago,IL&destination=Los+Angeles,CA&waypoints=Joplin,MO|Oklahoma+City,OK&sensor=false

它以JSON格式返回结果.

我怎么能用Python做到这一点？我想发送这样的请求,接收结果并解析它.

Answer 1

我建议使用awesome 请求库:

import requests

url = 'http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json'

params = dict(
    origin='Chicago,IL',
    destination='Los+Angeles,CA',
    waypoints='Joplin,MO|Oklahoma+City,OK',
    sensor='false'
)

resp = requests.get(url=url, params=params)
data = resp.json() # Check the JSON Response Content documentation below

JSON响应内容:http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/user/quickstart/#json-response-content

Answer 2

的requestsPython模块负责两个检索JSON数据和对其进行解码,由于其内建JSON解码器.以下是模块文档中的示例:

>>> import requests
>>> r = requests.get('https://github.com/timeline.json')
>>> r.json()
[{u'repository': {u'open_issues': 0, u'url': 'https://github.com/...

因此,不必使用一些单独的模块来解码JSON.

Answer 3

requests有内置的.json()方法

import requests
requests.get(url).json()

Answer 4

import urllib
import json

url = 'http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json?origin=Chicago,IL&destination=Los+Angeles,CA&waypoints=Joplin,MO|Oklahoma+City,OK&sensor=false'
result = json.load(urllib.urlopen(url))

Answer 5

使用请求库,非常打印结果,以便您可以更好地找到要提取的键/值,然后使用嵌套for循环来解析数据.在示例中,我逐步提取行车路线.

import json, requests, pprint

url = 'http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json?'

params = dict(
    origin='Chicago,IL',
    destination='Los+Angeles,CA',
    waypoints='Joplin,MO|Oklahoma+City,OK',
    sensor='false'
)


data = requests.get(url=url, params=params)
binary = data.content
output = json.loads(binary)

# test to see if the request was valid
#print output['status']

# output all of the results
#pprint.pprint(output)

# step-by-step directions
for route in output['routes']:
        for leg in route['legs']:
            for step in leg['steps']:
                print step['html_instructions']

Answer 6

只是import requests并使用 fromjson()方法：

source = requests.get("url").json()
print(source)

或者你可以使用这个：

import json,urllib.request
data = urllib.request.urlopen("url").read()
output = json.loads(data)
print (output)

Answer 7

尝试这个：

import requests
import json

# Goole Maps API.
link = 'http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json?origin=Chicago,IL&destination=Los+Angeles,CA&waypoints=Joplin,MO|Oklahoma+City,OK&sensor=false'

# Request data from link as 'str'
data = requests.get(link).text

# convert 'str' to Json
data = json.loads(data)

# Now you can access Json 
for i in data['routes'][0]['legs'][0]['steps']:
    lattitude = i['start_location']['lat']
    longitude = i['start_location']['lng']
    print('{}, {}'.format(lattitude, longitude))