使用带有 dotenv 的 Django 堆栈通过 WSGI 查找 .env 时出现问题

Question

我有一个 Django 应用程序，我正在尝试使用 dotenv 来保护我的 SECRET_KEY 。manage.py runserver 工作正常，但使用 apache2 托管的站点无法工作，并且 apache 给我错误日志：

mod_wsgi (pid=32200): Failed to exec Python script file '/opt/bitnami/projects/accuhx/accuhx/wsgi.py'.
mod_wsgi (pid=32200): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/opt/bitnami/projects/accuhx/accuhx/wsgi.py'.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/opt/bitnami/projects/accuhx/accuhx/wsgi.py", line 23, in <module>
 application = get_wsgi_application()
File "/opt/bitnami/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 12, in get_wsgi_application
django.setup(set_prefix=False)
File "/opt/bitnami/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 19, in setup
   configure_logging(settings.LOGGING_CONFIG, settings.LOGGING)
File "/opt/bitnami/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 83, in __getattr__
    self._setup(name)
File "/opt/bitnami/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 70, in _setup
self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
File "/opt/bitnami/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 196, in __init__
raise ImproperlyConfigured("The SECRET_KEY setting must not be empty.")
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: The SECRET_KEY setting must not be empty.

我假设这是因为我的 manage.py 可以找到 .env 但 wsgi.py 不能，但我不知道为什么。

我的结构：

accuhx
|
|-manage.py
|-accuhx
|    |
|    |-settings.py
     |-.env
     |-wsgi.py

WSGI.py:

import os
import dotenv
from dotenv import load_dotenv, find_dotenv

load_dotenv(find_dotenv())

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'accuhx.settings')
application = get_wsgi_application()

管理.py

def main():
    """Run administrative tasks."""
    os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'accuhx.settings')
    try:
        from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
    except ImportError as exc:
        raise ImportError(
            "Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
            "available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
            "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
        ) from exc
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

.env

DJANGO_SECRET_KEY=p$********xr

设置.py

import os

SECRET_KEY = os.getenv("DJANGO_SECRET_KEY")

我按照https://help.pythonanywhere.com/pages/environment-variables-for-web-apps/ 和https://github.com/theskumar/python-dotenv上的指南进行操作

我的问题是否没有指向 wsgi 的 .env 的正确路径？为什么它适用于manage.py runserver 但不适用于apache 路由？

任何方向将不胜感激。

Answer 1

我遇到了同样的问题并通过添加settings.py和解决了它wsgi.py

import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
dotenv_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '.env')
load_dotenv(dotenv_path)

sdarwin 建议将路径硬编码到 .env

https://github.com/theskumar/python-dotenv/issues/210