每当我在 Eclipse 中部署 Liferay portlet 的 war 文件时，我都会收到以下错误。任何人都可以帮助我知道为什么会发生这种情况以及如何解决它。
java.lang.LinkageError: loader constraint violation: when resolving overridden method "com.liferay.portal.spring.extender.internal.context.ModuleBeanFactoryPostProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory(Lorg/springframework/beans/factory/config/ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;)V" the class loader (instance of org/eclipse/osgi/internal/loader/EquinoxClassLoader) of the current class, com/liferay/portal/spring/extender/internal/context/ModuleBeanFactoryPostProcessor, and its superclass loader (instance of org/apache/catalina/loader/WebappClassLoader), have different Class objects for the type org/springframework/beans/factory/config/ConfigurableListableBeanFactory used in the signature
at com.liferay.portal.spring.extender.internal.context.ModuleApplicationContextRegistrator._createApplicationContext(ModuleApplicationContextRegistrator.java:138)
at com.liferay.portal.spring.extender.internal.context.ModuleApplicationContextRegistrator.start(ModuleApplicationContextRegistrator.java:60)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor756.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.felix.dm.InvocationUtil.invokeMethod(InvocationUtil.java:111)
at org.apache.felix.dm.InvocationUtil.invokeCallbackMethod(InvocationUtil.java:66)
at org.apache.felix.dm.impl.ComponentImpl.invokeCallbackMethod(ComponentImpl.java:769)
at org.apache.felix.dm.impl.ComponentImpl.invoke(ComponentImpl.java:760)
at org.apache.felix.dm.impl.ComponentImpl.bindService(ComponentImpl.java:705)
at org.apache.felix.dm.impl.ComponentImpl.access$400(ComponentImpl.java:54)
at org.apache.felix.dm.impl.ComponentImpl$7.run(ComponentImpl.java:202)
at org.apache.felix.dm.impl.SerialExecutor.runTask(SerialExecutor.java:137)
at org.apache.felix.dm.impl.SerialExecutor.runTasks(SerialExecutor.java:119)
at org.apache.felix.dm.impl.SerialExecutor.execute(SerialExecutor.java:85)
at org.apache.felix.dm.impl.ComponentImpl.calculateStateChanges(ComponentImpl.java:252)
at org.apache.felix.dm.impl.ComponentImpl.start(ComponentImpl.java:440)
at org.apache.felix.dm.DependencyManager.add(DependencyManager.java:167)
at com.liferay.portal.spring.extender.internal.context.ModuleApplicationContextExtender$ModuleApplicationContextExtension.start(ModuleApplicationContextExtender.java:228)
at org.apache.felix.utils.extender.AbstractExtender.createExtension(AbstractExtender.java:259)
at org.apache.felix.utils.extender.AbstractExtender.modifiedBundle(AbstractExtender.java:232)
at org.apache.felix.utils.extender.AbstractExtender.addingBundle(AbstractExtender.java:192)
at org.osgi.util.tracker.BundleTracker$Tracked.customizerAdding(BundleTracker.java:469)
at org.osgi.util.tracker.BundleTracker$Tracked.customizerAdding(BundleTracker.java:1)
at org.osgi.util.tracker.AbstractTracked.trackAdding(AbstractTracked.java:256)
at org.osgi.util.tracker.AbstractTracked.trackInitial(AbstractTracked.java:183)
at org.osgi.util.tracker.BundleTracker.open(BundleTracker.java:156)
at org.apache.felix.utils.extender.AbstractExtender.startTracking(AbstractExtender.java:150)
at org.apache.felix.utils.extender.AbstractExtender.doStart(AbstractExtender.java:142)
at org.apache.felix.utils.extender.AbstractExtender.start(AbstractExtender.java:114)
at com.liferay.portal.spring.extender.internal.context.ModuleApplicationContextExtender.activate(ModuleApplicationContextExtender.java:71)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.inject.BaseMethod.invokeMethod(BaseMethod.java:224)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.inject.BaseMethod.access$500(BaseMethod.java:39)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.inject.BaseMethod$Resolved.invoke(BaseMethod.java:617)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.inject.BaseMethod.invoke(BaseMethod.java:501)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.inject.ActivateMethod.invoke(ActivateMethod.java:302)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.inject.ActivateMethod.invoke(ActivateMethod.java:294)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.manager.SingleComponentManager.createImplementationObject(SingleComponentManager.java:297)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.manager.SingleComponentManager.createComponent(SingleComponentManager.java:108)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.manager.SingleComponentManager.getService(SingleComponentManager.java:906)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.manager.SingleComponentManager.getServiceInternal(SingleComponentManager.java:879)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.manager.AbstractComponentManager.activateInternal(AbstractComponentManager.java:748)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.manager.AbstractComponentManager.enableInternal(AbstractComponentManager.java:674)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.manager.AbstractComponentManager.enable(AbstractComponentManager.java:429)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.manager.ConfigurableComponentHolder.enableComponents(ConfigurableComponentHolder.java:657)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.BundleComponentActivator.initialEnable(BundleComponentActivator.java:341)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.Activator.loadComponents(Activator.java:403)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.Activator.access$200(Activator.java:54)
at org.apache.felix.scr.impl.Activator$ScrExtension.start(Activator.java:278)
at org.apache.felix.utils.extender.AbstractExtender.createExtension(AbstractExtender.java:259)
at org.apache.felix.utils.extender.AbstractExtender.modifiedBundle(AbstractExtender.java:232)
at org.osgi.util.tracker.BundleTracker$Tracked.customizerModified(BundleTracker.java:482)
at org.osgi.util.tracker.BundleTracker$Tracked.customizerModified(BundleTracker.java:1)
at org.osgi.util.tracker.AbstractTracked.track(AbstractTracked.java:232)
at org.osgi.util.tracker.BundleTracker$Tracked.bundleChanged(BundleTracker.java:444)
at org.eclipse.osgi.internal.framework.BundleContextImpl.dispatchEvent(BundleContextImpl.java:905)
at org.eclipse.osgi.framework.eventmgr.EventManager.dispatchEvent(EventManager.java:230)
at org.eclipse.osgi.framework.eventmgr.ListenerQueue.dispatchEventSynchronous(ListenerQueue.java:148)
at org.eclipse.osgi.internal.framework.EquinoxEventPublisher.publishBundleEventPrivileged(EquinoxEventPublisher.java:165)
at org.eclipse.osgi.internal.framework.EquinoxEventPublisher.publishBundleEvent(EquinoxEventPublisher.java:75)
at org.eclipse.osgi.internal.framework.EquinoxEventPublisher.publishBundleEvent(EquinoxEventPublisher.java:67)
at org.eclipse.osgi.internal.framework.EquinoxContainerAdaptor.publishModuleEvent(EquinoxContainerAdaptor.java:102)
at org.eclipse.osgi.container.Module.publishEvent(Module.java:461)
at org.eclipse.osgi.container.Module.start(Module.java:452)
at org.eclipse.osgi.internal.framework.EquinoxBundle.start(EquinoxBundle.java:402)
at org.apache.felix.fileinstall.internal.DirectoryWatcher.startBundle(DirectoryWatcher.java:1258)
at org.apache.felix.fileinstall.internal.DirectoryWatcher.startBundles(DirectoryWatcher.java:1230)
at org.apache.felix.fileinstall.internal.DirectoryWatcher.doProcess(DirectoryWatcher.java:512)
at org.apache.felix.fileinstall.internal.DirectoryWatcher.process(DirectoryWatcher.java:361)
at org.apache.felix.fileinstall.internal.DirectoryWatcher.run(DirectoryWatcher.java:312)
当代码使用依赖版本（例如 v1）编译，然后使用依赖版本（例如 v2）运行时，会发生 java.lang.LinkageError。
说明示例：编译时您正在使用 v1 的父类（假设它来自 Liferay）
class Parent {
public void method(String s) {
s = "Hello " + s;
System.out.println(s);
}
}
// this is your project class
class Child extends Parent {
@Overridden
public void method(String s) {
super.method(s);
System.out.println("Hello from child : " + s);
}
}
所以在构建项目 jar 时它编译得很好。
然而，在运行时，您使用的是版本 v2 的父类，它具有类似 的方法定义public void method(String s, int i)。因此，无法将您的类链接到该父类，因此会出现错误。
在您的情况下，包含类的库的运行时版本和编译时版本com.liferay.portal.spring.extender.internal.context.ModuleBeanFactoryPostProcessor是不同的。保持两个版本与你的编译时间相同，一切都会好起来的。