如何在 WSL2 上公开 Docker TCP 套接字？（WSL 安装的 Docker，而不是 Docker Desktop）

Question

我想通过 PyCharm 连接到在 WSL2 中运行的 Docker TCP 套接字。我似乎无法公开套接字，我想可能是因为 WSL2 (systemctl) 中对 docker-daemon 的控制有限？我无法使用 Docker Desktop，因为我需要 GPU 支持（Windows Dev Channel + nvidia-docker）。我尝试过以下方法：

导出 DOCKER_HOST=tcp://0.0.0.0:2375

$ export DOCKER_HOST=tcp://0.0.0.0:2375
$ sudo service docker restart
$ docker context ls
NAME                DESCRIPTION                               DOCKER ENDPOINT      KUBERNETES ENDPOINT   ORCHESTRATOR
default *           Current DOCKER_HOST based configuration   tcp://0.0.0.0:2375                         swarm
Warning: DOCKER_HOST environment variable overrides the active context. To use a context, either set the global --context flag, or unset DOCKER_HOST environment variable.
$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock http:/localhost/version
{"Platform":{"Name":"Docker Engine - Community"},"Components":[{"Name":"Engine","Version":"19.03.11","Details":{"ApiVersion":"1.40","Arch":"amd64","BuildTime":"2020-06-01T09:10:54.000000000+00:00","Experimental":"false","GitCommit":"42e35e61f3","GoVersion":"go1.13.10","KernelVersion":"4.19.121-microsoft-standard","MinAPIVersion":"1.12","Os":"linux"}},{"Name":"containerd","Version":"1.2.13","Details":{"GitCommit":"7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429"}},{"Name":"runc","Version":"1.0.0-rc10","Details":{"GitCommit":"dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd"}},{"Name":"docker-init","Version":"0.18.0","Details":{"GitCommit":"fec3683"}}],"Version":"19.03.11","ApiVersion":"1.40","MinAPIVersion":"1.12","GitCommit":"42e35e61f3","GoVersion":"go1.13.10","Os":"linux","Arch":"amd64","KernelVersion":"4.19.121-microsoft-standard","BuildTime":"2020-06-01T09:10:54.000000000+00:00"}
$ curl http://localhost:2375/version
curl: (7) Failed to connect to localhost port 2375: Connection refused

我希望最终的命令给出类似的结果{"Version":"17.05.0-ce","ApiVersion":"...}，但连接被拒绝。事实上，如果我尝试通过 Windows 主机 Pycharm 连接，它会拒绝连接。我还看到许多教程/SO 帖子说不要使用这种 DOCKER_HOST 方法，但我不确定为什么。

/lib/systemd/system/docker.service > ExecStart

根据stackoverflow、serverfault、ivankrizsan，我/lib/systemd/system/docker.service使用 进行了编辑ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock -H tcp://0.0.0.0:2375。但当我尝试时systemctl daemon-reload出错；WSL2 不支持systemctl命令 ( WSL/457 )。

$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
System has not been booted with systemd as init system (PID 1). Can't operate.

我还尝试重新启动 WSL2（Powershell wsl --shutdown，重新打开 WSL2），以防 docker-daemon 接受这些更改，但没有雪茄。

$ curl http://localhost:2375/version
curl: (7) Failed to connect to localhost port 2375: Connection refused

/etc/default/docker > DOCKER_OPTS

根据stackoverflow，我/etc/default/docker用DOCKER_OPTS="-H unix:// -H tcp://0.0.0.0:2375"then进行了编辑sudo service docker restart。相同的连接拒绝错误。

Answer 1

快速修复（不安全）

来自要点

1./etc/docker/daemon.json

{"hosts": ["tcp://0.0.0.0:2375", "unix:///var/run/docker.sock"]}

2.sudo service docker restart

长修复 (TLS)

TLS 支持：更详细的服务器故障、分步博客文章。如果您要在服务器上设置 Docker，我建议您按照博客文章进行操作。对我来说，我只想要 WSL2 中的 Docker、Windows (PyCharm) 可访问的套接字以及安全的 TLS。所以我的修改使用~/.docker& localhost（而不是根文件夹 & FQDN）。这是我的步骤：

1./etc/docker/daemon.json

"hosts": ["unix:///var/run/docker.sock", "tcp://0.0.0.0:2376"],
"tlscacert": "/home/lefnire/.docker/certs/ca.pem",
"tlscert": "/home/lefnire/.docker/certs/server-cert.pem",
"tlskey": "/home/lefnire/.docker/certs/server-key.pem",
"tlsverify": true

请注意，我使用的~/.docker/certs是而不是/etc/docker/certs. 我遇到了 PyCharm 的权限障碍，需要访问“证书文件夹”，即使chmod -v 0444 x尝试了也是如此。

2. 证书

$ mkdir ~/.docker/certs
$ cd ~/.docker/certs
$ openssl genrsa -aes256 -out ca-key.pem 4096  # enter passphrase
$ openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -key ca-key.pem -sha256 -out ca.pem  # enter localhost at FQDN step
$ openssl genrsa -out server-key.pem 4096
$ openssl req -subj "/CN=localhost" -sha256 -new -key server-key.pem -out server.csr
$ openssl x509 -req -days 365 -sha256 -in server.csr -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -CAcreateserial -out server-cert.pem
$ echo subjectAltName = DNS:localhost,IP:127.0.0.1 >> extfile.cnf
$ echo extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth >> extfile.cnf
$ openssl x509 -req -days 365 -sha256 -in server.csr -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -CAcreateserial -out server-cert.pem -extfile extfile.cnf
$ openssl genrsa -out key.pem 4096
$ openssl req -subj '/CN=client' -new -key key.pem -out client.csr
$ echo extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth > extfile-client.cnf
$ openssl x509 -req -days 365 -sha256 -in client.csr -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -CAcreateserial -out cert.pem -extfile extfile-client.cnf

忽略 openssl RAND 错误（或修复它）

3.sudo service docker restart

4.PyCharm（可选）

1. 文件 > 设置 > 构建、执行、部署 > Docker
   1. 添加 Docker（或单击现有）> [x] TCP 套接字
   2. 引擎 API 网址：https://localhost:2376
   3. 证书文件夹：\\wsl$\Ubuntu-18.04\home\lefnire\.docker\certs
2. 文件 > 设置 > 项目：[my-proj] > Python 解释器
   1. 下拉菜单 > 显示全部... > 添加 > Docker