创建功能区样式的应用程序
使用标准的Delphi TRibbon组件,我注意到它们并不那么出色.
首先,它们看起来不像微软那样漂亮,例如,TRibbon中的发光效果和颜色看起来不像Windows 7中的Wordpad或Paint中那样令人印象深刻.
其次,如果你想创建Ribbon Styled接口,我注意到没有独立于TRibbon的Ribbon样式菜单或弹出菜单.对于实际的功能区有,但是如果为了连续性目的,你想要分配给TListbox或TListView的功能区样式弹出菜单,例如,似乎没有.
第三,有时禁用功能区操作时,它仍会显示热光效果,就好像将鼠标悬停在操作上一样,即使它已被禁用.
最后,我发现尝试将容器组件(例如TCombobox)放在一个组中非常繁琐.对控件和位置等进行调整真的很尴尬.
我想我的观点是,使用标准的Delphi TRibbon组件似乎不是视觉上和可用上的最佳方法.我如何制作一个Ribbon样式的应用程序外观和工作方式像微软那样,就像我在Windows 7中使用Wordpad和Paint之前所说的那样？
看看这个比较截图,以获得更好的主意:
Delphi Ribbon似乎不完整,除非我期待太多.我相信Ribbon Components将为您的应用程序提供更好的体验,为最终用户提供可视化和更好的工作空间等.
您可以提出哪些建议来增强或使TRibbon工作并看起来像微软那样？
我不会一直使用Ribbon Style Interfaces,因此购买第三方组件并不是我真正想做的事情.我看过TMS和DevExpress,但是为了它们的价格,它们看起来也不那么好.TMS看起来比标准的Delphi TRibbon差.
Arn*_*hez 15
要获得原生外观,请查看适用于Delphi的Windows功能区框架.
这是自Windows 7(以及安装了一些官方更新后的Vista)的Windows Ribbon Framework的开源包装器.这是Windows 7 Word Pad使用的API.
另请注意,您有两种布局:Office 2007和Office 2010.Delphi VCL功能区实现Office 2007样式,而Windows 7写字板使用Office 2010样式.
在一些客户的项目中,我们使用了TMS软件Ribbon组件.代码有点过大(很多重复或者像组件持久性这样糟糕的书面内容),但它的工作和渲染效果很好,支持2007和2010功能区样式.对于我们的客户来说,渲染是重要的.对于我们的开源框架,我们发布了一个双解决方案,用于构建从代码生成的类似于Ribbon的GUI:它将使用标准VCL组件进行基本布局,或者使用TMS组件进行完整的Office 2007/2010渲染.我们刚刚定义了一些由两个库实现的类.如果您在自己的代码中使用SQLite3ToolBar(即TSynForm, TSynToolBar, TSynToolButton, TSynPopupMenu, TSynPage, TSynPager, TSynBodyPager和TSynBodyPage类)和SynTaskDialog(for TSynButton)中定义的通用组件,那么USETMSPACK条件将为您完成所有的魔术.
我们还没有使用Delphi 2009中引入的Ribbon组件.它的动作驱动设计不会让我们很容易与用户界面处理的事件驱动设计接口,我们必须承认这个组件有相当糟糕的声誉(至少在Delphi 2009版本中).
适用于Delphi的伟大Windows功能区框架将无法满足我们对代码中即时生成的功能区的需求.它的设计来自Microsoft实现本身,是从XML资源创建UI,在编译时链接...因此它不适合我们的需求,但它可能适合您的,用于更"静态"的应用程序UI设计.
如果在应用程序中使用类似Office的功能区,请注意Office UI许可.
实用的答案是使用另一个组件集.该TMS软件版本似乎不错,但我使用的DevExpress ExpressBars其中一个工作对我非常好.
- DevExpress expressBars为+1.如果你不能用DevEx做,它可能无法完成.如果你想要丝带,请使用DevEx. (2认同)
我使用Windows功能区框架 - Windows附带的本机组件(7).
这是Delphi的Windows Ribbon Framework上的超短引子; 复制粘贴代码的重要部分,没有太多解释:
procedure TfrmTicketDetail.ShowScenicRibbon;
begin
try
Fframework := UIRibbon.CoUIRibbonFramework.Create;
Fframework.Initialize(Self.Handle, Self); //Give the ribbon the hwnd, and our implementation of uiapplication for callbacks
OleCheck(Fframework.LoadUI(hInstance, 'APPLICATION_RIBBON'));
except
on e:Exception do
begin
if DebugHook > 0 then
raise;
Exit;
end;
end;
end;
但它开始变得毛茸茸,因为你必须遵循微软的API.
{IUIApplication}
function OnViewChanged(viewId: SYSUINT; typeID: UI_VIEWTYPE; const view: IUnknown;
verb: UI_VIEWVERB; uReasonCode: SYSINT): HResult; stdcall;
function OnCreateUICommand(commandId: SYSUINT; typeID: UI_COMMANDTYPE;
out commandHandler: IUICommandHandler): HResult; stdcall;
function OnDestroyUICommand(commandId: SYSUINT; typeID: UI_COMMANDTYPE;
const commandHandler: IUICommandHandler): HResult; stdcall;
然后你必须实现它们:
function TfrmTicketDetail.OnViewChanged(viewId: SYSUINT;
typeID: UI_VIEWTYPE; const view: IUnknown; verb: UI_VIEWVERB;
uReasonCode: SYSINT): HResult;
var
cy: integer;
begin
Result := S_OK;
//viewID: The ID for the view. Only a value of zero is valid.
if viewID <> 0 then
Exit;
//typeID: The only declared typeID is UI_VIEWTYPE_RIBBON
if typeID <> UI_VIEWTYPE_RIBBON then
Exit;
case verb of //there are only 4 verbs: create, destroy, size, error
UI_VIEWVERB_CREATE:
begin
{ The view was resized.
In the case of the Ribbon view, the application should call
GetHeight() to determine the height of the Ribbon.}
(view as IUIRibbon).GetHeight(cy);
bvTopSpacer.Height := cy;
end;
UI_VIEWVERB_SIZE:
begin
{ The view was resized.
In the case of the Ribbon view, the application should call
GetHeight() to determine the height of the Ribbon.}
(view as IUIRibbon).GetHeight(cy);
bvTopSpacer.Height := cy;
end;
UI_VIEWVERB_DESTROY: {nop};
UI_VIEWVERB_ERROR: {nop};
end;
Result := S_OK;
end;
function TfrmTicketDetail.OnCreateUICommand(commandId: SYSUINT;
typeID: UI_COMMANDTYPE; out commandHandler: IUICommandHandler): HResult;
begin
commandHandler := Self; //this form will handle all commands on the ribbon;
Result := S_OK;
end;
function TfrmTicketDetail.OnDestroyUICommand(commandId: SYSUINT; typeID: UI_COMMANDTYPE;
const commandHandler: IUICommandHandler): HResult;
begin
Result := E_NOTIMPL;
end;
然后你也必须这样做
- 实行
IUICommandHandler - 作者一个功能区XML文件
- 使用功能区编译器编译功能区XML文件
将编译的功能区包含为资源:
{$RESOURCE '..\Resource\UIRibbon\Ribbon_frmTicketDetails.res'}
这是我的应用程序的功能区xml的转储:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Application xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/windows/2009/Ribbon">
<!-- Commands are like actions, with a name, a numeric ID, caption (LabelTitle), Large and Small images, etc -->
<Application.Commands>
<Command Name="cmdNew" Id="0xE100" Symbol="ID_CMD_NEW" LabelTitle="New document" />
<Command Name="cmdSaveAs" Id="0xE102" Symbol="ID_CMD_SAVEAS" LabelTitle="Save as" />
<Command Name="cmdOpen" Id="0xE103" Symbol="ID_CMD_OPEN" LabelTitle="Open" />
<Command Name="cmdExit" Id="0xE104" Symbol="ID_CMD_EXIT" LabelTitle="Exit" />
<Command Name="cmdUndo" Id="0xE105" Symbol="ID_CMD_UNDO" LabelTitle="Undo" />
<Command Name="cmdCut" Id="0xE110" Symbol="ID_CMD_CUT" LabelTitle="Cut" />
<Command Name="cmdCopy" Id="0xE111" Symbol="ID_CMD_COPY" LabelTitle="Copy" />
<Command Name="cmdPaste" Id="0xE112" Symbol="ID_CMD_PASTE" LabelTitle="Paste" />
<Command Name="cmdDelete" Id="0xE113" Symbol="ID_CMD_DELETE" LabelTitle="Delete" />
<Command Name="cmdZoom" Id="0xE114" Symbol="ID_CMD_ZOOM" LabelTitle="Zoom" />
<Command Name="tabHome" LabelTitle="Home" />
<Command Name="grpActions" LabelTitle="Actions" />
<Command Name="cmdSaveAndClose" Id="1101" Symbol="ID_ACTION_SAVEANDCLOSE" LabelTitle="Save and Close">
<Command.TooltipTitle>Save and Close (Alt+S)</Command.TooltipTitle>
<Command.TooltipDescription>Saves the current ticket and closes the detail screen.</Command.TooltipDescription>
<Command.LargeImages>
<Image Source="SaveAndClose.bmp" />
</Command.LargeImages>
</Command>
<Command Name="cmdBack" Id="1102" LabelTitle="Back" />
<Command Name="cmdControlPanel" Id="1103" LabelTitle="Control Panel" />
<Command Name="cmdSave" Id="1104" LabelTitle="Save" />
<Command Name="grpShow" Id="1201" LabelTitle="Show" />
<Command Name="cmdShowTicket" Id="1202" LabelTitle="Ticket" ></Command>
<Command Name="cmdShowDiaryEntries" Id="1203" LabelTitle="Diary Entries" >
<Command.LargeImages>
<Image Source="PencilLog_32x32.bmp" />
</Command.LargeImages>
</Command>
<Command Name="cmdShowAttachments" Id="1204" LabelTitle="Attachments" />
<Command Name="cmdShowAuditLog" Id="1205" LabelTitle="Audit Log" />
<Command Name="cmdShowAdditional" Id="1206" LabelTitle="Additional" />
<Command Name="grpActivity" LabelTitle="Activity" />
<Command Name="cmdStartWorking" Id="1301" LabelTitle="Start Working"></Command>
<Command Name="cmdStopWorking" Id="1302" LabelTitle="Stop Working"></Command>
<Command Name="cmdPrint" Id="1303" LabelTitle="Print" >
<Command.LargeImages>
<Image Source="Printer - 256x256.bmp" />
</Command.LargeImages>
<Command.SmallImages>
<Image Source="Printer_16x16.bmp" />
</Command.SmallImages>
</Command>
<Command Name="cmdDuplicateTicket" Id="1304" LabelTitle="Duplicate Ticket" >
<Command.SmallImages>
<Image Source="DuplicateTicket16.bmp" />
</Command.SmallImages>
</Command>
<Command Name="grpTicketStatus" LabelTitle="Ticket Status" />
<Command Name="cmdCloseTicket" Id="1402" LabelTitle="Close Ticket" />
<Command Name="cmdOnHold" Id="1403" LabelTitle="On Hold" />
<Command Name="cmdReadyForInstall" Id="1404" LabelTitle="Ready for install" />
<Command Name="cmdReopenTicket" Id="1405" LabelTitle="Reopen Ticket" />
</Application.Commands>
<!-- Above is all the commands (i.e. Actions). Now we get to the tool on screen (i.e. a DFM) -->
<Application.Views>
<Ribbon>
<!-- Items that appear under the "round button" menu -->
<Ribbon.ApplicationMenu>
<ApplicationMenu CommandName="cmdFileMenu">
<MenuGroup>
<Button CommandName="cmdNew" />
<Button CommandName="cmdOpen" />
<Button CommandName="cmdSave" />
<Button CommandName="cmdSaveAs" />
</MenuGroup>
<MenuGroup>
<Button CommandName="cmdExit" />
</MenuGroup>
</ApplicationMenu>
</Ribbon.ApplicationMenu>
<!--What commands to add to the quick access toolbar
Right now only Save and Undo, just for fun-->
<Ribbon.QuickAccessToolbar>
<QuickAccessToolbar>
<QuickAccessToolbar.ApplicationDefaults>
<Button CommandName="cmdSave" />
<Button CommandName="cmdUndo" />
</QuickAccessToolbar.ApplicationDefaults>
</QuickAccessToolbar>
</Ribbon.QuickAccessToolbar>
<!-- And now finally the actual tabs -->
<Ribbon.Tabs>
<!--Our one and only tab is "Home" -->
<Tab CommandName="tabHome">
<Tab.ScalingPolicy>
<ScalingPolicy>
<ScalingPolicy.IdealSizes>
<Scale Group="grpActions" Size="Medium"/>
<Scale Group="grpShow" Size="Medium"/>
<Scale Group="grpActivity" Size="Medium"/>
<Scale Group="grpTicketStatus" Size="Medium"/>
</ScalingPolicy.IdealSizes>
<Scale Group="grpActions" Size="Small"/>
<Scale Group="grpShow" Size="Small"/>
<Scale Group="grpActivity" Size="Small"/>
<Scale Group="grpTicketStatus" Size="Small"/>
</ScalingPolicy>
</Tab.ScalingPolicy>
<!-- Home\Actions -->
<Group CommandName="grpActions" SizeDefinition="FourButtons">
<Button CommandName="cmdSaveAndClose" />
<Button CommandName="cmdBack" />
<Button CommandName="cmdControlPanel" />
<Button CommandName="cmdSave" />
</Group>
<!-- Home\Show group -->
<Group CommandName="grpShow" SizeDefinition="FiveButtons">
<ToggleButton CommandName="cmdShowTicket" />
<ToggleButton CommandName="cmdShowDiaryEntries" />
<ToggleButton CommandName="cmdShowAttachments" />
<ToggleButton CommandName="cmdShowAuditLog" />
<ToggleButton CommandName="cmdShowAdditional" />
</Group>
<!-- Home\Activity group, with a custom sizing definition
so i get my "FourButtons-TwoBigTwoSmall" look -->
<Group CommandName="grpActivity" >
<SizeDefinition>
<ControlNameMap>
<ControlNameDefinition Name="button1"/>
<ControlNameDefinition Name="button2"/>
<ControlNameDefinition Name="button3"/>
<ControlNameDefinition Name="button4"/>
</ControlNameMap>
<GroupSizeDefinition Size="Large">
<ControlSizeDefinition ControlName="button1" ImageSize="Large" IsLabelVisible="true" />
<ControlSizeDefinition ControlName="button2" ImageSize="Large" IsLabelVisible="true" />
<ColumnBreak ShowSeparator="true"/>
<ControlSizeDefinition ControlName="button3" ImageSize="Large" IsLabelVisible="true" />
<ControlSizeDefinition ControlName="button4" ImageSize="Large" IsLabelVisible="true" />
</GroupSizeDefinition>
<GroupSizeDefinition Size="Medium">
<ControlSizeDefinition ControlName="button1" ImageSize="Large" IsLabelVisible="true" />
<ControlSizeDefinition ControlName="button2" ImageSize="Large" IsLabelVisible="true" />
<ColumnBreak ShowSeparator="true"/>
<Row>
<ControlSizeDefinition ControlName="button3" ImageSize="Small" IsLabelVisible="true" />
</Row>
<Row>
<ControlSizeDefinition ControlName="button4" ImageSize="Small" IsLabelVisible="true" />
</Row>
</GroupSizeDefinition>
<GroupSizeDefinition Size="Small">
<Row>
<ControlSizeDefinition ControlName="button1" ImageSize="Small" IsLabelVisible="true" />
<ControlSizeDefinition ControlName="button3" ImageSize="Small" IsLabelVisible="false" />
</Row>
<Row>
<ControlSizeDefinition ControlName="button2" ImageSize="Small" IsLabelVisible="true" />
<ControlSizeDefinition ControlName="button4" ImageSize="Small" IsLabelVisible="false" />
</Row>
</GroupSizeDefinition>
</SizeDefinition>
<Button CommandName="cmdStartWorking" />
<Button CommandName="cmdStopWorking" />
<Button CommandName="cmdPrint" />
<Button CommandName="cmdDuplicateTicket" />
</Group>
<!-- Home\Ticket Status group -->
<Group CommandName="grpTicketStatus" SizeDefinition="FourButtons">
<Button CommandName="cmdCloseTicket" />
<Button CommandName="cmdOnHold" />
<Button CommandName="cmdReadyForInstall" />
<Button CommandName="cmdReopenTicket" />
</Group>
</Tab>
</Ribbon.Tabs>
<!-- End of the actual tabs -->
</Ribbon>
</Application.Views>
</Application>
- 正如@ A.Bouchez所建议的那样,使用包装它的Delphi组件要好得多 (2认同)