Pygame 基本计算器
我正在尝试制作一个基本的计算器，但我遇到的问题是如何输出文本？我如何做到这一点，当我点击加它允许我添加或者如果我点击分割它允许我划分并在我的屏幕上的黄色部分显示输出
这就是我现在所拥有的。你可以运行它；没有什么特别的。我的问题是我怎样才能让计算器做到这样，当我点击加号然后去添加数字时，它允许我添加或当我点击除法时，它允许我划分我的数字并在屏幕上显示输出？
import pygame,math
pygame.init()
window_height = 500
window_width = 500
window = pygame.display.set_mode((window_height,window_width))
# the buttons for the shop MENU
class button():
def __init__(self, color, x,y,width,height, text=''):
self.color = color
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.text = text
self.over = False
def draw(self,window,outline=None):
#Call this method to draw the button on the screen
if outline:
pygame.draw.rect(window, outline, (self.x-2,self.y-2,self.width+4,self.height+4),0)
pygame.draw.rect(window, self.color, (self.x,self.y,self.width,self.height),0)
if self.text != '':
font = pygame.font.SysFont('comicsans', 60)
text = font.render(self.text, 1, (0,0,0))
window.blit(text, (self.x + (self.width/2 - text.get_width()/2), self.y + (self.height/2 - text.get_height()/2)))
def isOver(self, pos):
#Pos is the mouse position or a tuple of (x,y) coordinates
if pos[0] > self.x and pos[0] < self.x + self.width:
if pos[1] > self.y and pos[1] < self.y + self.height:
return True
return False
def playSoundIfMouseIsOver(self, pos, sound):
if self.isOver(pos):
if not self.over:
beepsound.play()
self.over = True
else:
self.over = False
white = (255,255,255)
# the numbers for the calcaltor
s_1s = button((0,255,0),40,450,30,30, '1')
s_2s = button((0,255,0),40,400,30,30, '2')
s_3s = button((0,255,0),40,350,30,30, '3')
s_4s = button((0,255,0),100,450,30,30, '4')
s_5s = button((0,255,0),100,400,30,30, '5')
s_6s = button((0,255,0),100,350,30,30, '6')
s_7s = button((0,255,0),150,450,30,30, '7')
s_8s = button((0,255,0),150,400,30,30, '8')
s_9s = button((0,255,0),150,350,30,30, '9')
s_0s = button((0,255,0),200,450,30,30, '0')
numbers = [s_1s,s_2s,s_3s,s_4s,s_5s,s_6s,s_7s,s_8s,s_9s,s_0s]
# the symbols!
d_1s = button((0,255,0),260,450,30,30, '+')
d_2s = button((0,255,0),260,400,30,30, '-')
d_3s = button((0,255,0),260,350,30,30, 'x')
d_4s = button((0,255,0),200,400,30,30, '÷')
symbols = [d_1s,d_2s,d_3s,d_4s]
# input tap
inputtap = button((253,100,32),10,280,450,50,"")
# redraw window
def redraw():
# draw all the numbers
for button in numbers:
button.draw(window)
# the symbols
for button in symbols:
button.draw(window)
inputtap.draw(window)
def Symbols():
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
if d_1s.isOver(pos):
print("+")
if d_2s.isOver(pos):
print("-")
if d_3s.isOver(pos):
print("x")
if d_4s.isOver(pos):
print("÷")
def MOUSEOVERnumbers():
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
if s_1s.isOver(pos):
print("1")
if s_2s.isOver(pos):
print("2")
if s_3s.isOver(pos):
print("3")
if s_4s.isOver(pos):
print("4")
if s_5s.isOver(pos):
print("5")
if s_6s.isOver(pos):
print("6")
if s_7s.isOver(pos):
print("7")
if s_8s.isOver(pos):
print("8")
if s_9s.isOver(pos):
print("9")
if s_0s.isOver(pos):
print("0")
# the main loop
run = True
while run:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
MOUSEOVERnumbers()
Symbols()
redraw()
pygame.display.update()
pygmae.quit()
你可以添加一个=按钮，所以每次用户点击它时，用 pythoneval()函数计算用户输入。
至于用户输入，首先需要全局记录。然后您可以将用户输入传递到字符串字段inputtap = button((253,100,32),10,280,450,50,"")以在窗口上显示它。
import pygame, math
pygame.init()
window_height = 500
window_width = 600
window = pygame.display.set_mode((window_height,window_width))
# the buttons for the shop MENU
class button():
def __init__(self, color, x,y,width,height, text=''):
self.color = color
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.text = text
self.over = False
def draw(self,window,outline=None):
#Call this method to draw the button on the screen
if outline:
pygame.draw.rect(window, outline, (self.x-2,self.y-2,self.width+4,self.height+4),0)
pygame.draw.rect(window, self.color, (self.x,self.y,self.width,self.height),0)
if self.text != '':
font = pygame.font.SysFont('comicsans', 60)
text = font.render(self.text, 1, (0,0,0))
window.blit(text, (self.x + (self.width/2 - text.get_width()/2), self.y + (self.height/2 - text.get_height()/2)))
def isOver(self, pos):
#Pos is the mouse position or a tuple of (x,y) coordinates
if pos[0] > self.x and pos[0] < self.x + self.width:
if pos[1] > self.y and pos[1] < self.y + self.height:
return True
return False
def playSoundIfMouseIsOver(self, pos, sound):
if self.isOver(pos):
if not self.over:
beepsound.play()
self.over = True
else:
self.over = False
white = (255,255,255)
# the numbers for the calcaltor
s_1s = button((0,255,0),40,450,30,30, '1')
s_2s = button((0,255,0),40,400,30,30, '2')
s_3s = button((0,255,0),40,350,30,30, '3')
s_4s = button((0,255,0),100,450,30,30, '4')
s_5s = button((0,255,0),100,400,30,30, '5')
s_6s = button((0,255,0),100,350,30,30, '6')
s_7s = button((0,255,0),150,450,30,30, '7')
s_8s = button((0,255,0),150,400,30,30, '8')
s_9s = button((0,255,0),150,350,30,30, '9')
s_0s = button((0,255,0),200,450,30,30, '0')
numbers = [s_1s,s_2s,s_3s,s_4s,s_5s,s_6s,s_7s,s_8s,s_9s,s_0s]
# the symbols!
d_1s = button((0,255,0),260,450,30,30, '+')
d_2s = button((0,255,0),260,400,30,30, '-')
d_3s = button((0,255,0),260,350,30,30, 'x')
d_4s = button((0,255,0),200,400,30,30, '÷')
d_5s = button((0,255,0),200,350,30,30, '=')
d_6s = button((0,255,0),260,500,30,30, 'C')
symbols = [d_1s,d_2s,d_3s,d_4s,d_5s,d_6s]
# redraw window
def redraw(inputtap):
# draw all the numbers
for button in numbers:
button.draw(window)
# the symbols
for button in symbols:
button.draw(window)
inputtap.draw(window)
def Symbols():
global user_input
global python_input
global is_finished
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
try:
if is_finished or user_input[-1] in ["+", "-", "x", "÷", "="]:
# User shouldn't type two symbols continuously
# User shouldn't input any symbols when game finished because there is no number
return
except IndexError:
# User shouldn't input any symbols if there is no number
return
if d_1s.isOver(pos):
print("+")
user_input += "+"
python_input += "+"
if d_2s.isOver(pos):
print("-")
user_input += "-"
python_input += "-"
if d_3s.isOver(pos):
print("x")
user_input += "x"
python_input += "*"
if d_4s.isOver(pos):
print("÷")
user_input += "÷"
python_input += "/"
if d_5s.isOver(pos):
print("=")
result = eval(python_input)
python_input = ""
user_input += f"={result:.2f}"
is_finished = True
if d_6s.isOver(pos):
print("C")
python_input = ""
user_input = ""
def MOUSEOVERnumbers():
global user_input
global python_input
global is_finished
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if is_finished:
user_input = ""
python_input = ""
is_finished = False
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
if s_1s.isOver(pos):
print("1")
user_input += "1"
python_input += "1"
if s_2s.isOver(pos):
print("2")
user_input += "2"
python_input += "2"
if s_3s.isOver(pos):
print("3")
user_input += "3"
python_input += "3"
if s_4s.isOver(pos):
print("4")
user_input += "4"
python_input += "4"
if s_5s.isOver(pos):
print("5")
user_input += "5"
python_input += "5"
if s_6s.isOver(pos):
print("6")
user_input += "6"
python_input += "6"
if s_7s.isOver(pos):
print("7")
user_input += "7"
python_input += "7"
if s_8s.isOver(pos):
print("8")
user_input += "8"
python_input += "8"
if s_9s.isOver(pos):
print("9")
user_input += "9"
python_input += "9"
if s_0s.isOver(pos):
print("0")
user_input += "0"
python_input += "0"
# the main loop
run = True
user_input = ""
python_input = ""
is_finished = True
while run:
# input tap
inputtap = button((253,100,32),10,280,450,50,f"{user_input}")
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
MOUSEOVERnumbers()
Symbols()
redraw(inputtap)
pygame.display.update()
pygame.quit()
然后，您可以添加一个reset按钮来重置用户输入。同样在用户点击=按钮后，开始一个新的用户输入，而不是连接旧的。
在本例中，reset按钮标有C。每次用户点击它时，清空用户输入字符串和 python 输入字符串。
我还使用全局is_finished布尔变量来检查用户是否单击=按钮。如果用户单击它，则表示用户已完成计算，以便下次用户单击任何符号按钮时，用户输入的字符串将被清除。
同时，用户不应同时输入除C按钮外的两个符号。我通过比较最后一个字符用户输入和当前字符用户输入来判断它。
此外，用户在输入任何数字之前不应输入任何符号。我用全局变量来判断is_finished。如果is_finished为真，则表示用户没有开始输入，因此用户输入字符串中没有值。我也使用了一个IndexError例外以防万一，因为空的用户输入字符串不能使用负索引。
为了区分整数和浮点结果，可以判断结果中是否有点：
>>> '.' in '45.3'
True
>>> '.' in '453'
False
最后，您还可以if使用button.text像Rabbid76所做的那样的属性来简化这些逻辑：
for number_button in numbers:
if number_button.isOver(pos):
print(number_button.text)
user_input += number_button.text
python_input += number_button.text