Eme*_*kin 5 python static-methods iterator class magic-methods
我希望能够迭代类型而不实例化它,类似于枚举。
class Foo:
"""Class I want to iterate over without instantiating."""
ALLOWED_VALUES = (1, 2, 3)
# I want iterating over `Foo` to be equivalent to iterating over `Foo.ALLOWED_VALUES`
for val_from_tuple, val_from_foo in zip(Foo.ALLOWED_VALUES, Foo):
assert val_from_tuple == val_from_foo
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这种行为对于枚举来说是可能的,但前提是ALLOWED_VALUES有效的 python 名称。我希望在没有此限制的情况下具有相同的迭代行为。
我尝试将其实现__iter__()为staticmethodon ,这样就不需要使用Foo的实例来获取它。这允许我迭代,但会引发错误。这似乎是因为在 上查找方法,而不是在(因为是一个对象)上查找方法。FooIteratorFoo.__iter__()iter(Foo)iter(Foo)__iter__typeFooFootype
class Foo:
"""Class I want to iterate over without instantiating."""
ALLOWED_VALUES = (1, 2, 3)
@staticmethod
def __iter__():
return Foo.ALLOWED_VALUES
# This works, but isn't what I want because it involves calling `__iter__()` explicitly.
for val in Foo.__iter__():
print(val)
# This raises an error:
# `TypeError: 'type' object is not iterable`
for val in Foo:
print(val)
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Enum是可迭代的,因为它使用不同的元类(EnumMeta而不是type)来创建它。__iter__您可以定义自己的元类来提供其本身所缺乏的定义type。
class IterableClass(type):
def __iter__(self):
yield from self.ALLOWED_VALUES
class Foo(metaclass=IterableClass):
ALLOWED_VALUES = (1,2,3)
for x, y in zip(Foo.ALLOWED_VALUES, Foo):
assert x == y
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