如何使用 Selenium Grid 将文件从本地计算机传输到远程 Web 服务器来上传文件

Question

使用 Selenium 网格上传文件：

代码

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.LocalFileDetector;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;

public class Main 
{
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException
    {
          DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();
          capabilities.setBrowserName("internet explorer");
    
          RemoteWebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("http://URL:4444/wd/hub"), capabilities);
          driver.setFileDetector(new LocalFileDetector());
          driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    
          driver.get("https://url.de/index.xhtml");
          driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='form:sdsupload']/span")).click();
        
          WebElement addFile = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@type='file']"));
          ((RemoteWebElement) addFile ).setFileDetector(new LocalFileDetector());
          addFile.sendKeys("C:\\daten\\test\\test2.xml");
    }
}

例外

Jun 26, 2020 3:47:43 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession
INFORMATION: Detected dialect: W3C
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.InvalidArgumentException: Attempting to upload file 'C:\daten\test\test2.xml' which does not exist.
Build info: version: '3.141.59', revision: 'e82be7d358', time: '2018-11-14T08:17:03'
System info: host: 'xxx', ip: 'xxx', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_171'
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver
Capabilities {acceptInsecureCerts: false, browserName: internet explorer, browserVersion: 11, javascriptEnabled: true, pageLoadStrategy: normal, platform: WINDOWS, platformName: WINDOWS, proxy: Proxy(), se:ieOptions: {browserAttachTimeout: 0, elementScrollBehavior: 0, enablePersistentHover: true, ie.browserCommandLineSwitches: , ie.ensureCleanSession: false, ie.fileUploadDialogTimeout: 3000, ie.forceCreateProcessApi: false, ignoreProtectedModeSettings: false, ignoreZoomSetting: false, initialBrowserUrl: http://localhost:5494/, nativeEvents: true, requireWindowFocus: false}, setWindowRect: true, timeouts: {implicit: 0, pageLoad: 300000, script: 30000}, webdriver.remote.sessionid: ae053a22-c088-402e-8de1-f25...}
Session ID: ae053a22-c088-402e-8de1-f25c4398ccbf
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:187)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:122)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:49)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:158)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:552)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebElement.execute(RemoteWebElement.java:285)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebElement.sendKeys(RemoteWebElement.java:106)
    at de.xxx.xxx.keywords.Main.main(Main.java:41)

该文件存在于本地节点，但不存在于远程节点。如果文件位于远程节点上，则效果很好。该文件存在于本地节点，但不存在于远程节点：https ://i.stack.imgur.com/f31Wb.png

我读到了这个：

• https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/en/remote_webdriver/remote_webdriver_client/
• https://www.lambdatest.com/blog/how-to-download-upload-files-using-selenium-with-java/

如何将文件传递到远程节点？

编辑

Firefox、IE 和 Edge Chromium 出现同样的错误

火狐浏览器：

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.InvalidArgumentException: File not found: C:\daten\test\test3.xml
Build info: version: '3.141.59', revision: 'e82be7d358', time: '2018-11-14T08:17:03'
System info: host: 'xxx', ip: 'xxx', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_171'
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver
Capabilities {acceptInsecureCerts: true, browserName: firefox, browserVersion: 60.5.0, javascriptEnabled: true, moz:accessibilityChecks: false, moz:geckodriverVersion: 0.25.0, moz:headless: false, moz:processID: 624, moz:profile: C:\Users\username\Ap..., moz:useNonSpecCompliantPointerOrigin: false, moz:webdriverClick: true, pageLoadStrategy: normal, platform: XP, platformName: XP, platformVersion: 10.0, rotatable: false, timeouts: {implicit: 0, pageLoad: 300000, script: 30000}, webdriver.remote.sessionid: 8801c61e-6d61-488b-8f86-c0a...}
Session ID: 8801c61e-6d61-488b-8f86-c0a1fb2f2df8
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:187)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:122)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:49)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:158)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:552)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebElement.execute(RemoteWebElement.java:285)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebElement.sendKeys(RemoteWebElement.java:106)
    at de.xxx.xxx.keywords.Main.main(Main.java:52)

当我将文件复制到远程客户端时，它再次正常工作:(

调试： 使用 Firefox 进行调试

Answer 1

这个错误信息...

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.InvalidArgumentException: Attempting to upload file 'C:\daten\test2.xml' which does not exist.

...意味着客户端计算机上不存在所需的文件。

本地文件检测器

本地文件检测器允许将文件从客户端计算机传输到远程服务器。如果测试需要将文件上传到 Web 应用程序，远程WebDriver可以在运行时自动将文件从本地计算机传输到远程 Web 服务器。这允许从运行测试的远程计算机上传文件。默认情况下不启用，可以按如下方式启用：

• 爪哇：

  driver.setFileDetector(new LocalFileDetector());
  

• Python：

  from selenium.webdriver.remote.file_detector import LocalFileDetector
  
  driver.file_detector = LocalFileDetector()
  

• C＃：

  var allowsDetection = this.driver as IAllowsFileDetection;
  if (allowsDetection != null)
  {
     allowsDetection.FileDetector = new LocalFileDetector();
  }
  

• 红宝石：

  @driver.file_detector = lambda do |args|
    # args => ["/path/to/file"]
    str = args.first.to_s
    str if File.exist?(str)
  end
  

• JavaScript：

  var remote = require('selenium-webdriver/remote');
  driver.setFileDetector(new remote.FileDetector); 
  

• 科特林：

  driver.fileDetector = LocalFileDetector()
  

这个用例

如果您在Selenium Grid上运行测试，那么您需要让远程驱动程序知道需要上传的文件位于本地计算机上，而不是远程计算机上。在这些情况下，要将文件从客户端计算机上传到远程服务器，WebDriver可以在运行时自动将文件从本地计算机传输到远程 Web 服务器，您可以使用以下代码块：

WebElement addFile = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@type='file']"));
((RemoteWebElement)addFile).setFileDetector(new LocalFileDetector());
addFile.sendKeys("C:\\daten\\test2.xml");

尾奏

在 Selenium Grid 上运行测试时选择和上传文件