在 Android 中使用 Hilt 后无法创建视图模型的实例

Question

这是我的AllFilesListViewModel课。

class AllFilesListViewModel @ViewModelInject constructor(
    private val pdfItemRepository: PdfItemRepository):ViewModel() {

}

这里是PdfItemRepository课堂。

@Singleton
class PdfItemRepository @Inject constructor(private val pdfItemDao: PdfItemDao){

}

对于pdfItemDao. 我创建了一个名为DatabaseModule. 下面是代码——

@Module
@InstallIn(ApplicationComponent::class)
object DatabaseModule {

    @Provides
    fun provideDatabase(@ApplicationContext context: Context):AppDatabase{
        return AppDatabase.getDataBase(context)
    }

    @Provides
    fun providePdfItemDao(database:AppDatabase):PdfItemDao{
        return database.pdfItemDao()
    }
}

这是AllFilesFragment.kt我使用 viewModel的片段类。

@AndroidEntryPoint
class AllFilesFragment:Fragment(){

    private lateinit var binding:AllFilesFragmentBinding
    private val viewModel by viewModels<AllFilesListViewModel>()


    override fun onCreateView(
        inflater: LayoutInflater,
        container: ViewGroup?,
        savedInstanceState: Bundle?
    ): View? {
        binding = AllFilesFragmentBinding.inflate(inflater,container,false)
        context?: return binding.root
        initThings()
        subscribeUi()
        return binding.root
    }
}

这里是logcat文件。

06-19 19:22:20.203 23753-23753/com.emptysheet.pdfreader_autoscroll E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
    Process: com.emptysheet.pdfreader_autoscroll, PID: 23753
    java.lang.RuntimeException: Cannot create an instance of class com.emptysheet.pdfreader_autoscroll.homeScreen.viewModel.AllFilesListViewModel
        at androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider$NewInstanceFactory.create(ViewModelProvider.java:221)
        at androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider$AndroidViewModelFactory.create(ViewModelProvider.java:278)
        at androidx.lifecycle.SavedStateViewModelFactory.create(SavedStateViewModelFactory.java:106)
        at androidx.hilt.lifecycle.HiltViewModelFactory.create(HiltViewModelFactory.java:69)
        at androidx.lifecycle.AbstractSavedStateViewModelFactory.create(AbstractSavedStateViewModelFactory.java:69)
        at androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider.get(ViewModelProvider.java:185)
        at androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider.get(ViewModelProvider.java:150)
        at androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelLazy.getValue(ViewModelProvider.kt:54)
        at androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelLazy.getValue(ViewModelProvider.kt:41)
        at com.emptysheet.pdfreader_autoscroll.homeScreen.AllFilesFragment.getViewModel(AllFilesFragment.kt)
        at com.emptysheet.pdfreader_autoscroll.homeScreen.AllFilesFragment.subscribeUi(AllFilesFragment.kt:72)
        at com.emptysheet.pdfreader_autoscroll.homeScreen.AllFilesFragment.onCreateView(AllFilesFragment.kt:64)
        at androidx.fragment.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:2698)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentStateManager.createView(FragmentStateManager.java:320)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1187)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1356)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.moveFragmentToExpectedState(FragmentManager.java:1434)
        at androidx.fragment.app.BackStackRecord.executeOps(BackStackRecord.java:442)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.executeOps(FragmentManager.java:2169)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.executeOpsTogether(FragmentManager.java:1992)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.removeRedundantOperationsAndExecute(FragmentManager.java:1947)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.execSingleAction(FragmentManager.java:1818)
        at androidx.fragment.app.BackStackRecord.commitNow(BackStackRecord.java:297)
        at androidx.viewpager2.adapter.FragmentStateAdapter.placeFragmentInViewHolder(FragmentStateAdapter.java:341)
        at androidx.viewpager2.adapter.FragmentStateAdapter.onViewAttachedToWindow(FragmentStateAdapter.java:276)
        at androidx.viewpager2.adapter.FragmentStateAdapter.onViewAttachedToWindow(FragmentStateAdapter.java:67)
        at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView.dispatchChildAttached(RecyclerView.java:7556)
        at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$5.addView(RecyclerView.java:860)
        at androidx.recyclerview.widget.ChildHelper.addView(ChildHelper.java:107)
        at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$LayoutManager.addViewInt(RecyclerView.java:8601)
        at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$LayoutManager.addView(RecyclerView.java:8559)
        at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$LayoutManager.addView(RecyclerView.java:8547)
        at androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager.layoutChunk(LinearLayoutManager.java:1641)
        at androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager.fill(LinearLayoutManager.java:1587)
        at androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager.onLayoutChildren(LinearLayoutManager.java:665)
        at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView.dispatchLayoutStep2(RecyclerView.java:4134)
        at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView.dispatchLayout(RecyclerView.java:3851)
        at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView.onLayout(RecyclerView.java:4404)
        at android.view.View.layout(View.java:15689)
        at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:5048)
        at androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2.onLayout(ViewPager2.java:527)
        at android.view.View.layout(View.java:15689)
        at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:5048)
        at com.google.android.material.appbar.HeaderScrollingViewBehavior.layoutChild(HeaderScrollingViewBehavior.java:148)
        at com.google.android.material.appbar.V

Answer 1

这在我kapt 'androidx.hilt:hilt-compiler:1.0.0-alpha01'在应用程序的 build.gradle 中使用后得到了解决。我已经添加了kapt "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-compiler:2.28-alpha"。我仍然不明白两个BTW之间的区别。如果有人知道。请给我解释一下。

Answer 2

这发生在我使用 Hilt 时，对我来说问题的原因是我忘记@AndroidEntryPoint在片段类之上添加

Answer 3

这是由 AndroidX Lifecycle、AndroidX Core、AndroidX Activity 和 AndroidX Fragment 之间的版本不匹配引起的。

刀柄仅在getDefaultViewModelProviderFactory可以被覆盖时才有效。

仅当该方法确实存在时才如此，如果您的依赖项已过时则不然。即你androidx.fragment的低于1.2.0，你androidx.activity的低于1.1.0。

使用它，它会起作用：

implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0"
implementation "androidx.fragment:fragment-ktx:1.2.5"
implementation "androidx.core:core-ktx:1.3.0"
implementation "androidx.activity:activity:1.1.0"

implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.2.0"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.2.0"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.2.0"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-savedstate:2.2.0"

但目前，这就是它对我有用的原因：

implementation 'com.google.dagger:dagger:2.28'
kapt 'com.google.dagger:dagger-compiler:2.28'

// hilt
implementation 'com.google.dagger:hilt-android:2.28-alpha'
kapt 'com.google.dagger:hilt-android-compiler:2.28-alpha'
kaptAndroidTest 'com.google.dagger:hilt-android-compiler:2.28-alpha'
kaptTest 'com.google.dagger:hilt-android-compiler:2.28-alpha'
implementation 'androidx.hilt:hilt-lifecycle-viewmodel:1.0.0-alpha01'
kapt 'androidx.hilt:hilt-compiler:1.0.0-alpha01'

随着

 apply plugin: 'dagger.hilt.android.plugin'

和

    classpath 'com.google.dagger:hilt-android-gradle-plugin:2.28-alpha'
    

Answer 4

当我使用 Jetpack Compose、Hilt 和 Compose Navigation 时，我的方法是获取文档中的所有依赖项，并确保它们的所有版本都是最新的。关键是当你创建 ViewModel 时，你不应该使用= viewModel()，因为你已经使用了 Compose Navigation，= hiltViewModel()而应该使用。

谷歌备忘单链接

Answer 5

@ViewModelInject在较新的刀柄版本中已弃用

参考

用 HiltViewModel

@HiltViewModel
class AllFilesListViewModel @Inject constructor(
    val pdfItemRepository: PdfItemRepository)
) : ViewModel() {

}

Answer 6

NavGraph 中的 Jetpack Compose + ViewModel

这个答案适用于使用 Jetpack Compose 和导航 (NavGraph) 的人根据文档中的Hilt 和导航，我们必须使用hiltViewModel而不是viewModel 示例：

dependencies {
    implementation("androidx.hilt:hilt-navigation-compose:1.0.0")
}

// import androidx.hilt.navigation.compose.hiltViewModel

@Composable
fun MyApp() {
    NavHost(navController, startDestination = startRoute) {
        composable("example") { backStackEntry ->
            // Creates a ViewModel from the current BackStackEntry
            // Available in the androidx.hilt:hilt-navigation-compose artifact
            val viewModel = hiltViewModel<MyViewModel>()
            MyScreen(viewModel)
        }
        /* ... */
    }
}

来源中有更多新鲜信息