安装了 GnuCOBOL 版本3.0-rc1.0以尝试最近添加的 Report Writer。试图在 Michael Coughlan 的 Beginning COBOL for Programmers 的第 18 章中编译第一个列表[PIC X(52) 是我对书中太小的 PIC X(51) 的修复]抛出错误：
Listing18-1.cbl:99: error: syntax error, unexpected IS, expecting LEADING or TRAILING
Listing18-1.cbl:99: error: PROCEDURE DIVISION header missing
Listing18-1.cbl:99: error: syntax error, unexpected .
Listing18-1.cbl:100: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:101: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:102: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:104: error: unknown statement '02'
Listing18-1.cbl:105: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:106: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:107: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:109: error: unknown statement '01'
Listing18-1.cbl:110: error: unknown statement '02'
Listing18-1.cbl:111: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:112: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:113: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:115: error: unknown statement '01'
Listing18-1.cbl:117: error: unknown statement '02'
Listing18-1.cbl:118: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:119: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:120: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:121: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:123: error: unknown statement '01'
Listing18-1.cbl:124: error: unknown statement '02'
Listing18-1.cbl:125: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:127: error: unknown statement '01'
Listing18-1.cbl:128: error: unknown statement '02'
Listing18-1.cbl:129: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:130: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:131: error: unknown statement '03'
Listing18-1.cbl:133: error: syntax error, unexpected PROCEDURE
Listing18-1.cbl: in paragraph 'PrintSalaryReport':
Listing18-1.cbl:153: error: 'DetailLine' is not defined
我认为报告的第一个错误可能是真正的问题，其他错误是连锁反应。这是完整的程序列表：
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. Listing18-1.
AUTHOR. Michael Coughlan.
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
SELECT SalesFile ASSIGN TO "Listing18-1-Sales.DAT"
ORGANIZATION IS LINE SEQUENTIAL.
SELECT PrintFile ASSIGN TO "Listing18-1.Rpt".
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD SalesFile.
01 SalesRecord.
88 EndOfFile VALUE HIGH-VALUES.
02 StateNum PIC 99.
02 SalesAgentNum PIC 999.
02 ValueOfSale PIC 9(5)V99.
FD PrintFile
REPORT IS SolaceSalesReport.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 StateNameTable.
02 StateNameValues.
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Alabama".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Alaska".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Arizona".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Arkansas".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "California".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Colorado".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Connecticut".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Delaware".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Florida".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Georgia".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Hawaii".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Idaho".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Illinois".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Indiana".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Iowa".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Kansas".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Kentucky".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Louisiana".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Maine".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Maryland".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Massachusetts".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Michigan".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Minnesota".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Mississippi".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Missouri".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Montana".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Nebraska".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Nevada".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "New Hampshire".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "New Jersey".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "New Mexico".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "New York".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "North Carolina".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "North Dakota".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Ohio".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Oklahoma".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Oregon".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Pennsylvania".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Rhode Island".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "South Carolina".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "South Dakota".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Tennessee".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Texas".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Utah".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Vermont".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Virginia".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Washington".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "West Virginia".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Wisconsin".
03 FILLER PIC X(14) VALUE "Wyoming".
02 FILLER REDEFINES StateNameValues.
03 State OCCURS 50 TIMES.
04 StateName PIC X(14).
REPORT SECTION.
RD SolaceSalesReport
CONTROLS ARE StateNum
SalesAgentNum
PAGE LIMIT IS 54
FIRST DETAIL 3
LAST DETAIL 46
FOOTING 48.
01 TYPE IS REPORT HEADING NEXT GROUP PLUS 1.
02 LINE 1.
03 COLUMN 20 PIC X(32) VALUE "Solace Solar Solutions".
02 LINE 2.
03 COLUMN 6 PIC X(52) VALUE "Sales Agent - Sales and Salary Report Monthly Report".
01 TYPE IS PAGE HEADING.
02 LINE IS PLUS 1.
03 COLUMN 2 PIC X(5) VALUE "State".
03 COLUMN 16 PIC X(5) VALUE "Agent".
03 COLUMN 32 PIC X(8) VALUE "Value".
02 LINE IS PLUS 1.
03 COLUMN 2 PIC X(4) VALUE "Name".
03 COLUMN 16 PIC X(6) VALUE "Number".
03 COLUMN 31 PIC X(8) VALUE "Of Sales".
01 DetailLine TYPE IS DETAIL.
02 LINE IS PLUS 1.
03 COLUMN 1 PIC X(14) SOURCE StateName(StateNum).
03 COLUMN 17 PIC ZZ9 SOURCE SalesAgentNum.
03 COLUMN 30 PIC $$$,$$$.99 SOURCE ValueOfSale.
01 SalesAgentGrp
TYPE IS CONTROL FOOTING SalesAgentNum NEXT GROUP PLUS 2.
02 LINE IS PLUS 1.
03 COLUMN 15 PIC X(21) VALUE "Sales for sales agent".
03 COLUMN 37 PIC ZZ9 SOURCE SalesAgentNum.
03 COLUMN 43 PIC X VALUE "=".
03 TotalAgentSales COLUMN 45 PIC $$$$$,$$$.99 SUM ValueOfSale.
01 StateGrp TYPE IS CONTROL FOOTING StateNum NEXT GROUP PLUS 2.
02 LINE IS PLUS 1.
03 COLUMN 1 PIC X(58) VALUE ALL "-".
01 TYPE IS PAGE FOOTING.
02 LINE IS 49.
03 COLUMN 1 PIC X(29) VALUE "Programmer - Michael Coughlan".
03 COLUMN 55 PIC X(6) VALUE "Page :".
03 COLUMN 62 PIC ZZ9 SOURCE PAGE-COUNTER.
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
Begin.
OPEN INPUT SalesFile
OPEN OUTPUT PrintFile
READ SalesFile
AT END SET EndOfFile TO TRUE
END-READ
INITIATE SolaceSalesReport
PERFORM PrintSalaryReport UNTIL EndOfFile
TERMINATE SolaceSalesReport
CLOSE SalesFile, PrintFile
STOP RUN.
PrintSalaryReport.
GENERATE DetailLine
READ SalesFile
AT END SET EndOfFile TO TRUE
END-READ.
我在 3 台不同的机器上遇到了同样的问题：一台运行 Mint Cinnamon 的 64 位台式机，一台运行 Ubuntu 的 64 位笔记本电脑，以及一台运行 Lubuntu 的旧式 32 位上网本。