无法升级 NVidia 软件包

Question

我想将我的 Ubuntu 从 19.04 升级到 20.04，但在更新所有软件包之前这是不可能的。

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\xe2\x9d\xaf sudo do-release-upgrade\nChecking for a new Ubuntu release\nYour Ubuntu release is not supported anymore.\nFor upgrade information, please visit:\nhttp://www.ubuntu.com/releaseendoflife\n\nPlease install all available updates for your release before upgrading.\n

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所以，我正在尝试更新我的软件包：

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\xe2\x9d\xaf sudo apt update\nGet:1 file:/var/cuda-repo-10-0-local-10.0.130-410.48  InRelease\nIgn:1 file:/var/cuda-repo-10-0-local-10.0.130-410.48  InRelease\nGet:2 file:/var/cuda-repo-10-0-local-10.0.130-410.48  Release [574 B]\nGet:2 file:/var/cuda-repo-10-0-local-10.0.130-410.48  Release [574 B]\nHit:3 http://repo.yandex.ru/yandex-disk/deb stable InRelease                                                                                                                           \nHit:5 http://linux.teamviewer.com/deb stable InRelease                                                                                                                                 \nHit:6 http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco InRelease                                                                                                                            \nHit:7 http://ppa.launchpad.net/gophers/archive/ubuntu disco InRelease                                                                                                                  \nHit:8 http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-updates InRelease                                                                                                                    \nHit:9 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease                                                                                                                           \nHit:10 https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian stable InRelease                                                                                                                                  \nHit:11 https://storage.googleapis.com/bazel-apt stable InRelease                                                                                                                       \nHit:12 http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-backports InRelease                                                                                                                 \nHit:13 https://download.mono-project.com/repo/ubuntu vs-bionic InRelease                                                                                                               \nHit:14 http://ppa.launchpad.net/graphics-drivers/ppa/ubuntu disco InRelease                                                                                                   \nHit:15 http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security InRelease                                                                                                                  \nIgn:16 http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64  InRelease                                                                                            \nHit:17 http://ppa.launchpad.net/linrunner/tlp/ubuntu disco InRelease                                                                                                               \nHit:18 https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/16.04/mssql-server-2019 xenial InRelease                                \nIgn:19 http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu disco InRelease                                                               \nHit:20 https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/16.04/mssql-server-2017 xenial InRelease          \nHit:21 http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu disco Release                                           \nIgn:22 http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/machine-learning/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64  InRelease\nHit:23 http://ppa.launchpad.net/linuxuprising/apps/ubuntu disco InRelease\nHit:24 https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/19.04/prod disco InRelease                        \nHit:25 http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64  Release      \nHit:26 http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/machine-learning/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64  Release\nHit:27 http://ppa.launchpad.net/longsleep/golang-backports/ubuntu disco InRelease\nHit:28 http://ppa.launchpad.net/lyzardking/ubuntu-make/ubuntu disco InRelease\nHit:29 http://ppa.launchpad.net/obsproject/obs-studio/ubuntu disco InRelease\nHit:30 http://ppa.launchpad.net/peek-developers/stable/ubuntu disco InRelease\nHit:31 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco InRelease\nReading package lists... Done                      \nBuilding dependency tree       \nReading state information... Done\n4 packages can be upgraded. Run \'apt list --upgradable\' to see them.\n

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它说我可以升级其中 4 个。让我们看看它们是什么。

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\xe2\x9d\xaf apt list --upgradable\nListing... Done\ncuda-drivers/unknown 450.36.06-1 amd64 [upgradable from: 418.87.01-1]\ncuda/unknown 11.0.1-1 amd64 [upgradable from: 10.1.243-1]\nlibnvidia-common-450/unknown 450.36.06-0ubuntu1 all [upgradable from: 450.36.06-0ubuntu1]\nlibxnvctrl0/unknown 450.36.06-0ubuntu1 amd64 [upgradable from: 450.36.06-0ubuntu1]\n

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让我们升级它们。

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\xe2\x9d\xaf sudo apt upgrade\nReading package lists... Done\nBuilding dependency tree       \nReading state information... Done\nCalculating upgrade... Done\nThe following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:\n  cuda-command-line-tools-11-0 cuda-compiler-11-0 cuda-cudart-11-0 cuda-cudart-dev-11-0 cuda-cuobjdump-11-0 cuda-cupti-11-0 cuda-cupti-dev-11-0 cuda-documentation-11-0\n  cuda-driver-dev-11-0 cuda-gdb-11-0 cuda-libraries-11-0 cuda-libraries-dev-11-0 cuda-memcheck-11-0 cuda-nsight-11-0 cuda-nsight-compute-11-0 cuda-nsight-systems-11-0 cuda-nvcc-11-0\n  cuda-nvdisasm-11-0 cuda-nvml-dev-11-0 cuda-nvprof-11-0 cuda-nvprune-11-0 cuda-nvrtc-11-0 cuda-nvrtc-dev-11-0 cuda-nvtx-11-0 cuda-nvvp-11-0 cuda-samples-11-0 cuda-sanitizer-11-0\n  cuda-toolkit-11-0 cuda-tools-11-0 cuda-visual-tools-11-0 golang-1.13-go golang-1.13-src golang-src libcublas-11-0 libcublas-dev-11-0 libcufft-11-0 libcufft-dev-11-0 libcurand-11-0\n  libcurand-dev-11-0 libcusolver-11-0 libcusolver-dev-11-0 libcusparse-11-0 libcusparse-dev-11-0 libnpp-11-0 libnpp-dev-11-0 libnvidia-common-450 libnvjpeg-11-0 libnvjpeg-dev-11-0\nUse \'sudo apt autoremove\' to remove them.\nThe following packages have been kept back:\n  cuda cuda-drivers\nThe following packages will be upgraded:\n  libnvidia-common-450 libxnvctrl0\n2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.\nNeed to get 0 B/31.4 kB of archives.\nAfter this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.\nDo you want to continue? [Y/n] y\n(Reading database ... 354920 files and directories currently installed.)\nPreparing to unpack .../libnvidia-common-450_450.36.06-0ubuntu1_all.deb ...\nChecking for existing driver runfile install\n/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/preinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/preinst: [[: not found\nUnpacking libnvidia-common-450 (450.36.06-0ubuntu1) over (450.36.06-0ubuntu1) ...\nPreparing to unpack .../libxnvctrl0_450.36.06-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking libxnvctrl0:amd64 (450.36.06-0ubuntu1) over (450.36.06-0ubuntu1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-common-450 (450.36.06-0ubuntu1) ...\nSetting up libxnvctrl0:amd64 (450.36.06-0ubuntu1) ...\nProcessing triggers for libc-bin (2.29-0ubuntu2) ...\n

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问题是它们没有升级。

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\xe2\x9d\xaf apt list --upgradable\nListing... Done\ncuda-drivers/unknown 450.36.06-1 amd64 [upgradable from: 418.87.01-1]\ncuda/unknown 11.0.1-1 amd64 [upgradable from: 10.1.243-1]\nlibnvidia-common-450/unknown 450.36.06-0ubuntu1 all [upgradable from: 450.36.06-0ubuntu1]\nlibxnvctrl0/unknown 450.36.06-0ubuntu1 amd64 [upgradable from: 450.36.06-0ubuntu1]\n

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我做错了什么吗？可能是我不明白无法从 Ubuntu 19.04 迁移到 Ubuntu 20.04 的真正原因。有任何想法吗？

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Answer 1

我在尝试升级时遇到了同样的问题cuda我在尝试在 Ubuntu 20.04 上

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sudo apt upgrade只会添加升级/添加包，永远不会删除包。

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然而，升级cuda通常需要删除一堆旧的nvidia驱动程序包并用新的包替换它们。

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sudo apt full-upgrade如果需要更新软件包，可以删除软件包：

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full-upgrade(apt-get(8))

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full-upgrade 执行升级功能，但如果需要升级整个系统，则会删除当前安装的软件包。

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（来自man apt https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/focal/man8/apt.8.html）

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不幸的是，至少对于 apt 2.0.5 版本，sudo apt full-upgrade仍然不想更新cuda。

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Debian buster 升级说明建议，当apt full-upgrade不起作用时，您应该install在受影响的软件包上手动运行：sudo apt install cuda，或使用aptitude更强大的软件包解析算法：

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我可以确认使用sudo aptitude full-upgrade或sudo apt install cuda，请参阅以下输出（为简洁起见进行编辑）

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使用apt安装cuda

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\xe2\x9d\xaf sudo apt install cuda\nReading package lists... Done\nBuilding dependency tree       \nReading state information... Done\nThe following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:\n cuda-11-2 cuda-command-line-tools-11-2 ...\nUse \'sudo apt autoremove\' to remove them.\nThe following additional packages will be installed:\n  cuda-11-3 cuda-command-line-tools-11-3 ...\nThe following packages will be REMOVED\n  cuda-drivers-460 libnvidia-cfg1-460 ...\nThe following NEW packages will be installed\n  cuda-11-3 cuda-command-line-tools-11-3 ...\nThe following packages will be upgraded:\n  cuda cuda-drivers\n2 to upgrade, 68 to newly install, 16 to remove and 0 not to upgrade.\nNeed to get 2,248 MB of archives.\nAfter this operation, 4,603 MB of additional disk space will be used.\nDo you want to continue? [Y/n]\n

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使用 aptitude 全面升级

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aptitude默认情况下未安装，因此您可能需要sudo apt install aptitude先运行才能安装它。请记住，虽然full-upgrade通常是安全的，但由于它确实会删除软件包，因此偶尔会破坏系统中的内容。

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\xe2\x9d\xaf sudo aptitude full-upgrade\nThe following NEW packages will be installed:\n  cuda-11-3{a} cuda-command-line-tools-11-3{a} ...\nThe following packages will be REMOVED:\n  cuda-11-2{u} cuda-command-line-tools-11-2{u} ...\nThe following packages will be upgraded:\n  cuda cuda-drivers ...\n2 packages upgraded, 68 newly installed, 65 to remove and 0 not upgraded.\nNeed to get 2,248 MB of archives. After unpacking 16.5 MB will be freed.\nThe following packages have unmet dependencies:\n libnvidia-compute-460 : Conflicts: libcuda-10.0-1 which is a virtual package, provided by: ...\n\n libnvidia-compute-465 : Conflicts: libcuda-10.0-1 which is a virtual package, provided by: ...\n\nThe following actions will resolve these dependencies:\n\n     Remove the following packages:                            \n1)     libnvidia-compute-460 [460.32.03-0ubuntu1 (<NULL>, now)]\n\n\n\nAccept this solution? [Y/n/q/?]\n

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