如何从 .net core 客户端生成 JWT Bearer Flow OAuth 访问令牌？

Question

我无法让 .NET Core 客户端为需要“JWT Bearer Flow”类型的 OAuth 的 salesforce 端点生成 OAuth 访问令牌。

似乎有有限的 .NET Framework 示例显示 .NET 客户端执行此操作，但是没有显示 .NET Core 客户端执行此操作，例如 https://salesforce.stackexchange.com/questions/53662/oauth-jwt-token-承载流返回无效的客户端凭证

因此，在我的 .NET Core 3.1 应用程序中，我生成了一个自签名证书，在加载证书时将私钥添加到上面示例的代码中，但是此行上出现 System.InvalidCastExceptionException 异常：

var rsa = certificate.GetRSAPrivateKey() as RSACryptoServiceProvider;

例外：

System.InvalidCastException: 'Unable to cast object of type 'System.Security.Cryptography.RSACng' to type 'System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider'.'

看来该私钥在 JWT Bearer Flow 中用作签名的一部分，并且也许 RSACryptoServiceProvider 并未像在 .NET Framework 中那样在 .NET core 中使用。

我的问题是 - .NET Core 中实际上是否有一种方法可以为 OAuth JWT 承载流生成访问令牌？

我正在使用的完整代码：

static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
        var token = GetAccessToken();
    }

    static dynamic GetAccessToken()
    {
        // get the certificate
        var certificate = new X509Certificate2(@"C:\temp\cert.pfx");

        // create a header
        var header = new { alg = "RS256" };

        // create a claimset
        var expiryDate = GetExpiryDate();
        var claimset = new
        {
            iss = "xxxxxx",
            prn = "xxxxxx",
            aud = "https://test.salesforce.com",
            exp = expiryDate
        };

        // encoded header
        var headerSerialized = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(header);
        var headerBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(headerSerialized);
        var headerEncoded = ToBase64UrlString(headerBytes);

        // encoded claimset
        var claimsetSerialized = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(claimset);
        var claimsetBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(claimsetSerialized);
        var claimsetEncoded = ToBase64UrlString(claimsetBytes);

        // input
        var input = headerEncoded + "." + claimsetEncoded;
        var inputBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input);

        // signature
        var rsa = (RSACryptoServiceProvider) certificate.GetRSAPrivateKey();

        var cspParam = new CspParameters
        {
            KeyContainerName = rsa.CspKeyContainerInfo.KeyContainerName,
            KeyNumber = rsa.CspKeyContainerInfo.KeyNumber == KeyNumber.Exchange ? 1 : 2
        };
        var aescsp = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(cspParam) { PersistKeyInCsp = false };
        var signatureBytes = aescsp.SignData(inputBytes, "SHA256");
        var signatureEncoded = ToBase64UrlString(signatureBytes);

        // jwt
        var jwt = headerEncoded + "." + claimsetEncoded + "." + signatureEncoded;

        var client = new WebClient();
        client.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
        var uri = "https://login.salesforce.com/services/oauth2/token";
        var content = new NameValueCollection();

        content["assertion"] = jwt;
        content["grant_type"] = "urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:jwt-bearer";

        string response = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(client.UploadValues(uri, "POST", content));

        var result = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(response);

        return result;
    }

    static int GetExpiryDate()
    {
        var utc0 = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
        var currentUtcTime = DateTime.UtcNow;

        var exp = (int)currentUtcTime.AddMinutes(4).Subtract(utc0).TotalSeconds;

        return exp;
    }

    static string ToBase64UrlString(byte[] input)
    {
        return Convert.ToBase64String(input).TrimEnd('=').Replace('+', '-').Replace('/', '_');
    }

Answer 1

嗯 - 事实证明，在 stackoverflow 上发帖会让大脑的齿轮转动。

答案最终是深入研究以找到类似的问题，并使用x509certificate2 Sign for jwt in .net core 2.1 中的解决方案

我最终替换了以下代码：

var cspParam = new CspParameters
{
      KeyContainerName = rsa.CspKeyContainerInfo.KeyContainerName,
      KeyNumber = rsa.CspKeyContainerInfo.KeyNumber == KeyNumber.Exchange ? 1 : 2
};
var aescsp = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(cspParam) { PersistKeyInCsp = false };
var signatureBytes = aescsp.SignData(inputBytes, "SHA256");
var signatureEncoded = ToBase64UrlString(signatureBytes);

这段代码使用了 System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt nuget 包：

var signingCredentials = new X509SigningCredentials(certificate, "RS256");
var signature = JwtTokenUtilities.CreateEncodedSignature(input, signingCredentials);

解决后的完整代码：

static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
        var token = GetAccessToken();
    }

    static dynamic GetAccessToken()
    {
        // get the certificate
        var certificate = new X509Certificate2(@"C:\temp\cert.pfx");

        // create a header
        var header = new { alg = "RS256" };

        // create a claimset
        var expiryDate = GetExpiryDate();
        var claimset = new
        {
            iss = "xxxxx",
            prn = "xxxxx",
            aud = "https://test.salesforce.com",
            exp = expiryDate
        };

        // encoded header
        var headerSerialized = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(header);
        var headerBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(headerSerialized);
        var headerEncoded = ToBase64UrlString(headerBytes);

        // encoded claimset
        var claimsetSerialized = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(claimset);
        var claimsetBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(claimsetSerialized);
        var claimsetEncoded = ToBase64UrlString(claimsetBytes);

        // input
        var input = headerEncoded + "." + claimsetEncoded;
        var inputBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input);

        var signingCredentials = new X509SigningCredentials(certificate, "RS256");
        var signature = JwtTokenUtilities.CreateEncodedSignature(input, signingCredentials);

        // jwt
        var jwt = headerEncoded + "." + claimsetEncoded + "." + signature;

        var client = new WebClient();
        client.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
        var uri = "https://test.salesforce.com/services/oauth2/token";
        var content = new NameValueCollection();

        content["assertion"] = jwt;
        content["grant_type"] = "urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:jwt-bearer";

        string response = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(client.UploadValues(uri, "POST", content));

        var result = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(response);

        return result;
    }

    static int GetExpiryDate()
    {
        var utc0 = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
        var currentUtcTime = DateTime.UtcNow;

        var exp = (int)currentUtcTime.AddMinutes(4).Subtract(utc0).TotalSeconds;

        return exp;
    }

    static string ToBase64UrlString(byte[] input)
    {
        return Convert.ToBase64String(input).TrimEnd('=').Replace('+', '-').Replace('/', '_');
    }