为 Raku 构建多个后端失败

Question

在阅读 https://github.com/rakudo/rakudo 后README.md，我冒险为 rakudo 构建多个后端。

我使用 64 位 Ubuntu 20.04 来做到这一点。首先我安装了

• build essential,libencode-perl
• default-jdk准备编译 rakudo 的机器。

克隆存储库后，当我运行命令时perl Configure.pl --backends=moar,jvm --prefix=/usr，出现以下错误：

root@1145eac1ed77:/rakudo# perl Configure.pl --backends=moar,jvm --prefix=/usr
No pre-existing installed file found at /usr/bin/nqp-m
No pre-existing installed file found at /usr/bin/nqp-j
No pre-existing installed file found at /usr/bin/nqp-m
No pre-existing installed file found at /usr/bin/nqp-j
Use of uninitialized value $str in substitution (s///) at /rakudo/3rdparty/nqp-configure/lib/NQP/Config.pm line 1420.
Use of uninitialized value $str in substitution (s///) at /rakudo/3rdparty/nqp-configure/lib/NQP/Config.pm line 1421.
Use of uninitialized value in concatenation (.) or string at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 361.
Use of uninitialized value in quotemeta at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 371.
Use of uninitialized value in substitution (s///) at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 371.
Use of uninitialized value in substitution (s///) at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 371.
Use of uninitialized value in quotemeta at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 373.
Use of uninitialized value in sprintf at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 414.
Redundant argument in sprintf at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 414.
Use of uninitialized value in concatenation (.) or string at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 423.
Use of uninitialized value in concatenation (.) or string at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 423.
Using /usr/bin/nqp-m (version  / MoarVM ).
Use of uninitialized value in sprintf at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 428.
Redundant argument in sprintf at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 428.
===SORRY!===
  jvm::runtime.jars value not available from /usr/bin/nqp-j --show-config.

  To automatically clone (git) and build a copy of NQP 2020.02.1-154-ga7b0b7be2,
  try re-running Configure.pl with the '--gen-moar' option.
  Or, use '--prefix=' to explicitly specify the path where the NQP and MoarVM
  executables can be found that are use to build Rakudo. at /rakudo/3rdparty/nqp-configure/lib/NQP/Config.pm line 192.
 at /rakudo/3rdparty/nqp-configure/lib/NQP/Config.pm line 34.
        NQP::Config::__ANON__("===SORRY!===\x{a}  jvm::runtime.jars value not available from /us"...) called at /rakudo/3rdparty/nqp-configure/lib/NQP/Config.pm line 192
        NQP::Config::sorry(NQP::Config::Rakudo=HASH(0x55e4cb9c5258), "jvm::runtime.jars value not available from /usr/bin/nqp-j --s"..., "\x{a}To automatically clone (git) and build a copy of NQP 2020.02"..., "try re-running Configure.pl with the '--gen-moar' option.", "Or, use '--prefix=' to explicitly specify the path where the "..., "executables can be found that are use to build Rakudo.") called at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 576
        NQP::Config::Rakudo::post_active_backends(NQP::Config::Rakudo=HASH(0x55e4cb9c5258)) called at /rakudo/3rdparty/nqp-configure/lib/NQP/Config.pm line 660
        NQP::Config::configure_active_backends(NQP::Config::Rakudo=HASH(0x55e4cb9c5258)) called at /rakudo/tools/lib/NQP/Config/Rakudo.pm line 473
        NQP::Config::Rakudo::configure_active_backends(NQP::Config::Rakudo=HASH(0x55e4cb9c5258)) called at Configure.pl line 102

如何解决？

我想知道ALL命令perl Configure.pl --backends=ALL中指的是什么。

这里和这里有一个项目（我猜仍然合并在 master 中）Rakudo.js 。这是 Javascript 后端吗？这是否意味着、和后端？ALLmoarjvmJavascript

Answer 1

正如@ugexe 所指出的--gen-moar，我的命令中丢失了。

为了将来参考，我想记录我在反复尝试构建Rakudo.

Moar 和 JVM 后端

对于构建moar和jvm后端，您需要依赖项

apt-get install -y gcc \
        libc6-dev \
        libencode-perl \
        wget \
        libzstd-dev \
        default-jdk \
        make

并运行命令

perl Configure.pl --prefix=/usr --gen-moar --backends=moar,jvm --relocatable

用于建筑。成功构建后，您将获得rakudo-m, rakudo-gdb-m, rakudo-valgrind-m,rakudo-lldb-m用于moar后端和 rakudo-j,rakudo-debug-j用于jvm后端。

Javascript 和 Moar 后端

您无法构建独立的 javascript 后端。在构建js后端时，您还必须构建moar. 因此，要构建 javascript 后端，要构建的命令将是，

perl Configure.pl --prefix=/usr --gen-moar --backends=moar,js --relocatable

额外的依赖，以构建javascript后端是可用性nodejs，g++并且npm可以通过以下方式获得

apt-get install gcc g++ \
        libc6-dev \
        libencode-perl \
        wget \
        libzstd-dev \
        nodejs \
        npm \
        make

但是在构建javascript后端时，出现以下错误，

'/usr/bin/perl' tools/build/npm-install-or-link.pl . src/vm/js/nqp-runtime nqp-runtime 
Can't exec "npm": No such file or directory at tools/build/npm-install-or-link.pl line 18.
=== SORRY! === `npm install /rakudo/nqp/src/vm/js/nqp-runtime` failed with exit code -1 (72057594037927935)
make: *** [Makefile:852: js-deps] Error 255

搜索显示

如果您正在开发 nqp-js，您可能需要传递 --link 选项来配置链接而不是安装 nqp-runtime

虽然建立隔离没有问题NQP。我不确定如何在自动构建 rakudo 的同时进行 npm 链接。

所有后端

我了解到，ALL确实是手段moar，jvm而js后端。这在您运行命令时得到确认

perl Configure.pl --prefix=/usr --gen-moar --backends=ALL --relocatable

您会在终端中看到以下内容：

/usr/bin/perl Configure.pl --prefix=/usr --make-install --git-protocol=https --relocatable --no-ignore-errors --silent-build --no-force-rebuild --backends=moar,jvm,js --gen-moar

这的依赖项将是

apt-get install gcc g++ \
        libc6-dev \
        libencode-perl \
        wget \
        libzstd-dev \
        default-jdk \
        nodejs \
        npm \
        make

如果通过解决npm link上述问题可以成功构建 Javascript 后端，我相信所有后端：moar，jvm和javascript都可以构建。

所以这里剩下的问题是如何在构建 rakudo 时 npm link。希望有人的专家帮助将解决这个问题。