Objective-c:为什么在使用KVC时私人ivars不会被外部访问隐藏

Question

在尝试使用KVC访问ivars之后,我注意到私人和受保护的ivars没有保护.我把它放在ivar(私人或受保护的关键字)前面并不重要 - 当使用KVC方法"setValue"时,ivar总是公共的ivar.这是我的代码,其中所有七个ivars和属性都可以在类实例之外更改:

//************ interface file ***************//
@interface MyClass : NSObject {
@public    
  NSNumber *public_num;
@protected 
  NSNumber *protected_num;
@private 
  NSNumber *private_num;
  NSNumber *private_property;
}
@property (retain) NSNumber *public_property;
@property (retain) NSNumber *private_property;
@end

//********* implementation file *********//
@interface MyClass(){
@private
  NSNumber *very_private_num;
}
@property (retain) NSNumber *very_private_property;
@end

@implementation MyClass
@synthesize public_property, private_property, very_private_property;
@end

//****** main **********//
MyClass *myClass = [[MyClass alloc] init];

[myClass setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInt:1] forKey:@"public_num"];
[myClass setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInt:2] forKey:@"protected_num"];
[myClass setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInt:3] forKey:@"private_num"];
[myClass setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInt:4] forKey:@"public_property"];
[myClass setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInt:5] forKey:@"private_property"];
[myClass setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInt:6] forKey:@"very_private_num"];
[myClass setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInt:7] forKey:@"very_private_property"];

NSNumber *l_public_num = [myClass valueForKey:@"public_num"];
NSNumber *l_protected_num = [myClass valueForKey:@"protected_num"];
NSNumber *l_private_num = [myClass valueForKey:@"private_num"];
NSNumber *l_public_property = [myClass valueForKey:@"public_property"];
NSNumber *l_private_property = [myClass valueForKey:@"private_property"];
NSNumber *l_very_private_num = [myClass valueForKey:@"very_private_num"];
NSNumber *l_very_private_property = [myClass valueForKey:@"very_private_property"];

NSLog(@"public_num = %@, protected_num = %@, private_num = %@, public_property = %@, private_property = %@, very_private_num = %@, very_private_property = %@", l_public_num, l_protected_num, l_private_num, l_public_property, l_private_property, l_very_private_num, l_very_private_property);

输出的结果> public_num = 1,protected_num = 2,private_num = 3,public_property = 4,private_property = 5,very_private_num = 6,very_private_property = 7.

即使ivar在私人界面上声明,它仍然在课外变化.那么我如何必须强制执行封装和"保护我的ivars免受邪恶的其他程序员":)

Answer 1

NSObject符合NSKeyValueCoding非正式协议.这定义setValue:forKey:和valueForKey:.setValue:forKey:并valueForKey:根据包括直接访问实例变量的特定搜索规则搜索访问密钥值的方法.这种直接访问由accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法控制,该方法是NSKeyValueCoding非正式协议的一部分,该协议默认返回YES,允许这些方法直接访问实例变量,因此不会真正使它们成为私有.他们仍然是私人直接访问.

要解决此问题,您必须覆盖上述方法并在NSKeyValueCoding非正式协议中定义以防止其访问.

正如Abizern所提到的,私有变量的属性仍然可以访问,因为Objective-C没有私有方法的概念.