Inter pods communication with dns name not working in kubernetes

Question

I have installed Kubernetes(1.17.3) on one server(not VM) with flannel(v0.11.0-amd64) using kubeadm. Then i installed grafana and prometheus and can access both on NodePort http://<serverip>:31000

Now when i tries to access prometheus service from grafana its giving error Could not resolve host: prometheus-server;

I start troubleshooting and perform following steps

• verified that podsCIDR is configurered

  kubectl get nodes -o jsonpath='{.items[*].spec.podCIDR}' 10.244.0.0/24

• Curl 上的 IP 和 DNS 服务名称

  # curl 10.244.0.33:9090 <a href="/prometheus/graph">Found</a>

  # curl 10.109.215.27:9090 <a href="/prometheus/graph">Found</a>

  # curl http://prometheus-server:9090 curl: (6) Could not resolve host: prometheus-server; Unknown error

• 我的 /etc/resolv.conf 为空，我添加了以下条目，但仍然没有成功

  search cluster.local nameserver <IP of Server>

• 以下是 CoreDNS 日志的输出

  kubectl logs -f coredns-6955765f44-cnhtz -n kube-system .:53 [INFO] plugin/reload: Running configuration MD5 = 4e235fcc3696966e76816bcd9034ebc7 CoreDNS-1.6.5 linux/amd64, go1.13.4, c2fd1b2 [ERROR] plugin/errors: 2 2339874627451903403.2757028323724952357. HINFO: read udp 10.244.0.13:38879->8.8.4.4:53: read: no route to host [ERROR] plugin/errors: 2 2339874627451903403.2757028323724952357. HINFO: read udp 10.244.0.13:53266->8.8.4.4:53: i/o timeout [ERROR] plugin/errors: 2 2339874627451903403.2757028323724952357. HINFO: read udp 10.244.0.13:37289->8.8.8.8:53: i/o timeout [ERROR] plugin/errors: 2 2339874627451903403.2757028323724952357. HINFO: read udp 10.244.0.13:44281->8.8.4.4:53: read: no route to host

更新1：

为了响应@KoopaKiller，我运行curl http://prometheus-server:9090？来自主机和grafana pod（来自grafana pod实际上它不响应IP）。我使用清单安装了 prometheus 和 grafana，两者都在同一命名空间中。

kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE              NAME                                             READY   STATUS          
kube-system            coredns-6955765f44-cnhtz                         1/1     Running         
kube-system            coredns-6955765f44-d9wrj                         1/1     Running         
kube-system            kube-flannel-ds-amd64-rbsbv                      1/1     Running         
kube-system            kube-proxy-nblnq                                 1/1     Running         
monitoring-logging     grafana-b57ccddf9-p7w2q                          1/1     Running                 
monitoring-logging     prometheus-server-65d7dc7999-frd8k               2/2     Running 

我在 coredns 事件中观察到的另一件事是缺少文件“/run/flannel/subnet.env”，但文件可用，看起来它会在每次重新启动时重新创建，而 CoreDNS 发现它很晚。

Events:
  Type     Reason                   Message
  ----     ------                   -------
  Warning  FailedCreatePodSandBox   Failed to create pod sandbox: rpc error: code = Unknown desc = failed to set up sandbox container "d69af6411310ae3c4865a3ddce0667a40092b0dcf55eb5f8ddb642e503dcc0c5" network for pod "coredns-6955765f44-d9wrj": networkPlugin cni failed to set up pod "coredns-6955765f44-d9wrj_kube-system" network: open /run/flannel/subnet.env: no such file or directory
  Warning  FailedCreatePodSandBox   Failed to create pod sandbox: rpc error: code = Unknown desc = failed to set up sandbox container "b6199b3ce4a769c0ccfef6f247763beb1ca0231de52f6309d2b2f122844746ee" network for pod "coredns-6955765f44-d9wrj": networkPlugin cni failed to set up pod "coredns-6955765f44-d9wrj_kube-system" network: open /run/flannel/subnet.env: no such file or directory
  Normal   SandboxChanged           Pod sandbox changed, it will be killed and re-created.
  Warning  FailedCreatePodSandBox   Failed to create pod sandbox: rpc error: code = Unknown desc = failed to set up sandbox container "097dbf97858d8ea3510e8337eb9b0bc8baf966ab51a2a56971e8ae54c5b516a6" network for pod "coredns-6955765f44-d9wrj": networkPlugin cni failed to set up pod "coredns-6955765f44-d9wrj_kube-system" network: open /run/flannel/subnet.env: no such file or directory
  Normal   Pulled                   Container image "k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.5" already present on machine
  Normal   Created                  Created container coredns
  Normal   Started                  Started container coredns

Update2： 我按照链接调试 DNS，它显示了结果

kubectl exec -ti dnsutils -- nslookup kubernetes.default
kubectl exec dnsutils cat /etc/resolv.conf

然后我将日志插件添加到 CoreDNS 配置中，并意识到 CoreDNS 没有收到任何 DNS 查询，我禁用了防火墙，一切都开始按预期工作，但为什么它不与防火墙一起工作，我的开放端口如下，它也有法兰绒端口

firewall-cmd --list-ports
6443/tcp 2379-2380/tcp 10250/tcp 10251/tcp 10252/tcp 30000-32767/tcp 8080/tcp 8443/tcp 8285/udp 8472/udp 502/tcp

Answer 1

为了使其在不禁用防火墙的情况下工作，我必须添加以下规则，并且一切都开始与 dnsnames 一起工作

firewall-cmd --add-masquerade --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
systemctl restart firewalld

我从下面的链接中得到了提示，但会研究更多细节，为什么我们需要它？

如何在不禁用firewalld（Kubernetes）的情况下使用Flannel