如何在 Ruby 中存根请求/响应

Question

使用 RSpec 的模拟/存根，如何为该find_by_id方法编写单元测试？

我想使用 RSpec，而不是 WebMock 或 VCR。如何为请求/响应创建存根？

class RapidApiClient
  HOST_URL = 'https://brianiswu-open-brewery-db-v1.p.rapidapi.com/breweries'
  API_KEY  = 'private_api_key'

   def request_api(url)
    Excon.get(
      url,
      headers: {
        'X-RapidAPI-Host' => HOST_URL,
        'X-RapidAPI-Key' => 'API_KEY'
      }
    )
  end

 def find_by_id(id)
    response = request_api("#{HOST_URL}/#{id}")
    return nil if response.status != 200
    JSON.parse(response.body)
 end  
end

响应是：

[
{"id":4 , "name":"Ban Brewing Company" , "brewery_type":"micro", "city":"Tulsa" , "state":"OK"}
{"id":44,"name":"Tab Brewing" "brewery_type":"micro", "city":"Birmingham", "state":"MO"}
]

Answer 1

您可以存根该request_api方法本身，这样您就不必使用如下方式发出 HTTP 请求：

expect_any_instance_of(RapidApiClient)
    .to receive(:request_api)
    .and_return([
                  {"id":4 , "name":"Ban Brewing Company" , "brewery_type":"micro", "city":"Tulsa" , "state":"OK"}
                  {"id":44,"name":"Tab Brewing" "brewery_type":"micro", "city":"Birmingham", "state":"MO"}
                ])

如果你想存根实际的请求/响应。

您可以像这样子化库get的方法：Excon

expect(Excon)
.to receive(:get)
.and_return(Excon::Response.new(
     :status => 200,
     :body => '[{"id":4 , "name":"Ban Brewing Company","brewery_type":"micro", "city":"Tulsa" , "state":"OK"},{"id":44,"name":"Tab Brewing" "brewery_type":"micro", "city":"Birmingham", "state":"MO"}]'
    ))