如何在运行时询问用户提升权限？

Question

某些应用程序(以常规用户启动)将在必要时请求提升权限(例如,文件管理器需要编写此类文件夹),然后继续执行操作.

我该如何复制这种行为？

Answer 1

正如 Tam\xc3\xa1s 指出的，您需要启动一个具有提升权限的新进程。我过去进行了很多搜索，但没有找到任何方法来提升当前进程的权限。

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假设您的主应用程序是 App1.exe，然后您调用需要提升权限的辅助进程 App2.exe。

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答：您可以在 App2.exe 中嵌入清单，但更简单的方法是创建一个名为 App2.exe.manifest 的清单文件[文本文件]，其中包含以下内容，并将其放在与 App2.exe 相同的目录中。\n注意：!! 奇怪的是，如果您的应用程序名称不是 App2.exe，而是 App2_install.exe 或 App2_setup.exe（即，如果应用程序名称包含“install”或“setup”），Windows Vista / Windows 7 中将自动出现 UAC 对话框即使没有清单文件，也会要求提升权限！\n这是清单文件的示例：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>\n<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">\n<trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">\n<security>\n<requestedPrivileges>\n<requestedExecutionLevel level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false" />\n</requestedPrivileges>\n</security>\n</trustInfo>\n</assembly>\n

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B. 您可以在 App1.exe 中使用如下代码来启动 App2.exe

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QString AppToExec = qApp->applicationDirPath() + "/App2.exe";\n// Put any required parameters of App2.exe to AppParams string\nQString AppParams = "";\nif (0 != genWin32ShellExecute(AppToExec, \n                              "",    // default verb: "open" or "exec"\n                              AppParams,\n                              false, // run hidden\n                              true)) // wait to finish\n{\n    // (...) handle error\n}\n

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...最后，这是我创建的 Win32 函数 genWin32ShellExecute() 的代码，用于在 Win32 O/S 上使用 QT 时启动进程或打开文档：

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标题：

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#ifdef Q_OS_WIN  // Implement genWin32ShellExecute() especially for UAC\n    #include "qt_windows.h"\n    #include "qwindowdefs_win.h"\n    #include <shellapi.h>\n\nint genWin32ShellExecute(QString AppFullPath,\n                         QString Verb,\n                         QString Params,\n                         bool ShowAppWindow,\n                         bool WaitToFinish);\n#endif\n

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消费者保护计划：

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// Execute/Open the specified Application/Document with the given command\n// line Parameters\n// (if WaitToFinish == true, wait for the spawn process to finish)\n//\n// Verb parameter values:\n// ""           The degault verb for the associated AppFullPath\n// "edit"       Launches an editor and opens the document for editing.\n// "find"       Initiates a search starting from the specified directory.\n// "open"       Launches an application. If this file is not an executable file, its associated application is launched.\n// "print"      Prints the document file.\n// "properties" Displays the object\'s properties.\n//\n// Ret: 0 = success\n//     <0 = error\n#ifdef Q_OS_WIN\nint genWin32ShellExecute(QString AppFullPath,\n                         QString Verb,\n                         QString Params,\n                         bool ShowAppWindow,\n                         bool WaitToFinish)\n{\n    int Result = 0;\n\n    // Setup the required structure\n    SHELLEXECUTEINFO ShExecInfo;\n    memset(&ShExecInfo, 0, sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO));\n    ShExecInfo.cbSize = sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO);\n    ShExecInfo.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS;\n    ShExecInfo.hwnd = NULL;\n    ShExecInfo.lpVerb = NULL;\n    if (Verb.length() > 0)\n        ShExecInfo.lpVerb = reinterpret_cast<const WCHAR *>(Verb.utf16());\n    ShExecInfo.lpFile = NULL;\n    if (AppFullPath.length() > 0)\n        ShExecInfo.lpFile = reinterpret_cast<const WCHAR *>(AppFullPath.utf16());\n    ShExecInfo.lpParameters = NULL;\n    if (Params.length() > 0)\n        ShExecInfo.lpParameters = reinterpret_cast<const WCHAR *>(Params.utf16());\n    ShExecInfo.lpDirectory = NULL;\n    ShExecInfo.nShow = (ShowAppWindow ? SW_SHOW : SW_HIDE);\n    ShExecInfo.hInstApp = NULL;\n\n    // Spawn the process\n    if (ShellExecuteEx(&ShExecInfo) == FALSE)\n    {\n        Result = -1; // Failed to execute process\n    } else if (WaitToFinish)\n    {\n        WaitForSingleObject(ShExecInfo.hProcess, INFINITE);\n    }\n\n    return Result;\n}\n#endif\n

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