ClassNotFoundException：javax.jws.WebService

Question

我正在尝试将一个简单的 java servlet 部署到 Tomcat，该 servlet 使用部署到本地主机上同一 Tomcat 的 Web 服务。我正在 Netbeans 中处理 Maven 项目。

该 servlet 导入以下类：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceRef;

我能够将生成的 war 文件部署到 Tomcat，但无法启动应用程序，并在 catalina.out 中出现以下错误：

    28-Mar-2020 20:57:12.769 SEVERE [http-nio-8080-exec-93] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR Error deploying web application archive [/opt/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.31/webapps/CalculatorWebServiceClient.war]
                        java.lang.IllegalStateException: Error starting child
                                at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:720)
                                at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:690)
                                at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:705)
                                at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:978)
                                at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:493)
                                at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.check(HostConfig.java:1642)
                                at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor66.invoke(Unknown Source)
                                at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
                                at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
                                at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:289)
                                at java.management/com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:809)
                                at java.management/com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
                                at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.check(ManagerServlet.java:1590)
                                at org.apache.catalina.manager.HTMLManagerServlet.upload(HTMLManagerServlet.java:294)
                                at org.apache.catalina.manager.HTMLManagerServlet.doPost(HTMLManagerServlet.java:212)
                                at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:660)
                                at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741)
                ...
                  Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/CalculatorWebServiceClient]]
                                at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:440)
                                at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:198)
                                at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:717)
                                ... 43 more
                        Caused by: java.lang.TypeNotPresentException: Type javax.jws.WebService not present
                                at java.base/sun.reflect.annotation.TypeNotPresentExceptionProxy.generateException(TypeNotPresentExceptionProxy.java:46)
                                at java.base/sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationInvocationHandler.invoke(AnnotationInvocationHandler.java:86)
                                at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy2.value(Unknown Source)
                                at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processServletContainerInitializers(ContextConfig.java:1699)
                                at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1137)
                                at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:774)
                                at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:301)
                                at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:123)
                                at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5051)
                                at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
                                ... 44 more
                        Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.jws.WebService
                                at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1365)
                                at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1188)
                                at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
                                at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:398)
                                at java.base/sun.reflect.generics.factory.CoreReflectionFactory.makeNamedType(CoreReflectionFactory.java:114)

我注意到日志文件中的ClassNotFoundException: javax.jws.WebService并编辑了 pom.xml 文件以包括：

javax.xml.ws.jaxws-api.2.3.1以及根据[ https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.xml.ws/jaxws-api/2.3.1/][1]找到的编译依赖项：

javax.annotation.javax.annotation-api.1.3.2
javax.xml.bind.jaxb-api.2.3.1
javax.xml.soap.javax.xml.soap-api.1.4.0

检查项目目录时，我可以看到相应的库存在于 WEB-INF/lib 目录中。

即使在此之后我仍然收到相同的错误消息并且无法启动应用程序。有人可以告诉我我在这里缺少什么吗？

亲切的问候， 迈克尔

Answer 1

如果您使用的是 java 11，那么您必须收到此错误，因为不再有 JAXB（javax.xml.bind 在 java 11 中不再存在）

在 pom 文件中添加以下依赖项来解决此问题。

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>