如何在iOS中创建本地通知？

Question

我想知道如何设置本地通知,以便在我设置时,我的应用程序生成带有自定义消息的通知/警报...

Answer 1

以下是适用于我的项目的LocalNotification的示例代码.

Objective-C的:

这个代码块在AppDelegate文件中:

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
    {
        [launchOptions valueForKey:UIApplicationLaunchOptionsLocalNotificationKey];
        // Override point for customization after application launch.
        return YES;
    }

    // This code block is invoked when application is in foreground (active-mode) 
 -(void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification *)notification {

        UIAlertView *notificationAlert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Notification"    message:@"This local notification" 
        delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil];

        [notificationAlert show];
       // NSLog(@"didReceiveLocalNotification");
    }

这个代码块在.m文件中的任何ViewController:

-(IBAction)startLocalNotification {  // Bind this method to UIButton action
    NSLog(@"startLocalNotification");

    UILocalNotification *notification = [[UILocalNotification alloc] init];
    notification.fireDate = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:7];
    notification.alertBody = @"This is local notification!";
    notification.timeZone = [NSTimeZone defaultTimeZone];
    notification.soundName = UILocalNotificationDefaultSoundName;
    notification.applicationIconBadgeNumber = 10;

    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] scheduleLocalNotification:notification];    
}

上面的代码显示一个AlertView后7秒的时间间隔按下按钮时绑定startLocalNotification如果应用程序在后台然后它显示BadgeNumber为10并具有默认通知声音.

此代码适用于iOS 7.x及更低版本,但对于iOS 8,它将在控制台上提示以下错误:

尝试使用警报安排本地通知但未收到用户显示警报的权限

这意味着您需要注册本地通知.这可以通过以下方式实现:

if ([UIApplication instancesRespondToSelector:@selector(registerUserNotificationSettings:)]){

    [application registerUserNotificationSettings [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeAlert|UIUserNotificationTypeBadge|UIUserNotificationTypeSound categories:nil]];
}

您也可以参考博客获取本地通知.

迅速:

您的AppDelegate.swift文件应如下所示:

func application(application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [NSObject: AnyObject]?) -> Bool {    
    // Override point for customization after application launch.
    application.registerUserNotificationSettings(UIUserNotificationSettings(forTypes: UIUserNotificationType.Sound | UIUserNotificationType.Badge | UIUserNotificationType.Alert, categories: nil))

    return true
}

ViewController.swift要在其中创建本地通知的swift文件(例如)应包含以下代码:

//MARK: - Button functions
func buttonIsPressed(sender: UIButton) {
    println("buttonIsPressed function called \(UIButton.description())")

    var localNotification = UILocalNotification()
    localNotification.fireDate = NSDate(timeIntervalSinceNow: 3)
    localNotification.alertBody = "This is local notification from Swift 2.0"
    localNotification.timeZone = NSTimeZone.localTimeZone()
    localNotification.repeatInterval = NSCalendarUnit.CalendarUnitMinute
    localNotification.userInfo = ["Important":"Data"];
    localNotification.soundName = UILocalNotificationDefaultSoundName
    localNotification.applicationIconBadgeNumber = 5
    localNotification.category = "Message"

    UIApplication.sharedApplication().scheduleLocalNotification(localNotification)
}


//MARK: - viewDidLoad

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    var objButton : UIButton!
    . . .

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        . . .

        objButton = UIButton.buttonWithType(.Custom) as? UIButton
        objButton.frame = CGRectMake(30, 100, 150, 40)
        objButton.setTitle("Click Me", forState: .Normal)
        objButton.setTitle("Button pressed", forState: .Highlighted)

        objButton.addTarget(self, action: "buttonIsPressed:", forControlEvents: .TouchDown)

        . . .
    }

    . . .
}

在iOS 10中,您在iOS 9及更低版本中使用本地通知的方式完全不同.

苹果发布说明下面的屏幕抓取描述了这一点.

您可以参考Apple Nototification的Apple参考文档.

以下是本地通知的代码:

Objective-C的:

1. 在App-delegate.h文件中使用@import UserNotifications;

2. App-delegate应符合UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate协议

3. 在didFinishLaunchingOptions使用下面的代码:

   UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
   [center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert)
          completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
                 if (!error) {
                     NSLog(@"request authorization succeeded!");
                     [self showAlert];
                 }
   }];
   
   -(void)showAlert {
       UIAlertController *objAlertController = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"Alert" message:@"show an alert!" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
   
       UIAlertAction *cancelAction = [UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"OK"
         style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel handler:^(UIAlertAction *action) {
           NSLog(@"Ok clicked!");
       }];
   
       [objAlertController addAction:cancelAction];
   
   
       [[[[[UIApplication sharedApplication] windows] objectAtIndex:0] rootViewController] presentViewController:objAlertController animated:YES completion:^{            
       }];
   
   }
   

4. 现在在任何视图控制器中创建一个按钮,在IBAction中使用下面的代码:

   UNMutableNotificationContent *objNotificationContent = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc] init];
   
   objNotificationContent.title = [NSString localizedUserNotificationStringForKey:@“Notification!” arguments:nil];
   
   objNotificationContent.body = [NSString localizedUserNotificationStringForKey:@“This is local notification message!“arguments:nil];
   
   objNotificationContent.sound = [UNNotificationSound defaultSound];
   
   // 4. update application icon badge number
   objNotificationContent.badge = @([[UIApplication sharedApplication] applicationIconBadgeNumber] + 1);
   
   // Deliver the notification in five seconds.
   UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger *trigger =  [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger                                             triggerWithTimeInterval:10.f repeats:NO];       
   
   UNNotificationRequest *request = [UNNotificationRequest requestWithIdentifier:@“ten”                                                                            content:objNotificationContent trigger:trigger];
   
   // 3. schedule localNotification
   UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
   
   [center addNotificationRequest:request withCompletionHandler:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
       if (!error) {
           NSLog(@“Local Notification succeeded“);
       } else {
           NSLog(@“Local Notification failed“);
       }
   }];
   

斯威夫特3:

1. 在AppDelegate.swift文件中使用import UserNotifications
2. Appdelegate应符合UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate协议

3. 在didFinishLaunchingWithOptions代码下面使用

   // Override point for customization after application launch.
   let center = UNUserNotificationCenter.current()
   center.requestAuthorization(options: [.alert, .sound]) { (granted, error) in
       // Enable or disable features based on authorization.
       if error != nil {
           print("Request authorization failed!")
       } else {
           print("Request authorization succeeded!")
           self.showAlert()
       }
   }
   
   
   func showAlert() {
       let objAlert = UIAlertController(title: "Alert", message: "Request authorization succeeded", preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.alert)
   
       objAlert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "OK", style: UIAlertActionStyle.default, handler: nil))
       //self.presentViewController(objAlert, animated: true, completion: nil)
   
       UIApplication.shared().keyWindow?.rootViewController?.present(objAlert, animated: true, completion: nil)
   }
   

4. 现在在任何视图控制器中创建一个按钮,在IBAction中使用下面的代码:

   let content = UNMutableNotificationContent()
   content.title = NSString.localizedUserNotificationString(forKey: "Hello!", arguments: nil)
   content.body = NSString.localizedUserNotificationString(forKey: "Hello_message_body", arguments: nil)
   content.sound = UNNotificationSound.default()
   content.categoryIdentifier = "notify-test"
   
   let trigger = UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger.init(timeInterval: 5, repeats: false)
   let request = UNNotificationRequest.init(identifier: "notify-test", content: content, trigger: trigger)
   
   let center = UNUserNotificationCenter.current()
   center.add(request)
   

Answer 2

在appdelegate.m文件中,在applicationDidEnterBackground中编写以下代码以获取本地通知

- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application
{
   UILocalNotification *notification = [[UILocalNotification alloc]init];
   notification.repeatInterval = NSDayCalendarUnit;
   [notification setAlertBody:@"Hello world"];
   [notification setFireDate:[NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:1]];
   [notification setTimeZone:[NSTimeZone  defaultTimeZone]];
   [application setScheduledLocalNotifications:[NSArray arrayWithObject:notification]];
}

Answer 3

创建本地通知非常简单.只需按照以下步骤操作

1. 在viewDidLoad()函数中,询问用户是否允许您的应用显示通知.为此,我们可以使用以下代码.

   UNUserNotificationCenter.current().requestAuthorization(options: [.alert, .sound, .badge], completionHandler: {didAllow, error in
   })
   

2. 然后,您可以创建一个按钮,然后在操作功能中,您可以编写以下代码来显示通知.

   //creating the notification content
   let content = UNMutableNotificationContent()
   
   //adding title, subtitle, body and badge
   content.title = "Hey this is Simplified iOS"
   content.subtitle = "iOS Development is fun"
   content.body = "We are learning about iOS Local Notification"
   content.badge = 1
   
   //getting the notification trigger
   //it will be called after 5 seconds
   let trigger = UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger(timeInterval: 5, repeats: false)
   
   //getting the notification request
   let request = UNNotificationRequest(identifier: "SimplifiedIOSNotification", content: content, trigger: trigger)
   
   //adding the notification to notification center
   UNUserNotificationCenter.current().add(request, withCompletionHandler: nil)
   

3. 将显示通知,只需在点击通知按钮后单击主页按钮.当应用程序处于前台时,不会显示通知.但是,如果您使用的是iPhone X.即使应用程序位于前台,您也可以显示通知.为此,您只需添加一个名为UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate的委托

有关更多详细信息,请访问此博客文章:iOS Local Notification Tutorial

Answer 4

使用Swift 5更新通常，我们使用三种类型的本地通知

1. 简单的本地通知
2. 采取行动的本地通知
3. 具有内容的本地通知

您可以在其中发送简单文本通知或带有操作按钮和附件的位置。

以下示例在您的应用程序中使用UserNotifications包，以下示例为请求通知权限，按照用户操作AppDelegate本身准备和发送通知，并使用列出不同类型的本地通知测试的视图控制器。

AppDelegate

import UIKit
import UserNotifications

@UIApplicationMain
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate, UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate {

    let notificationCenter = UNUserNotificationCenter.current()
    var window: UIWindow?


    func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {

        //Confirm Delegete and request for permission
        notificationCenter.delegate = self
        let options: UNAuthorizationOptions = [.alert, .sound, .badge]
        notificationCenter.requestAuthorization(options: options) {
            (didAllow, error) in
            if !didAllow {
                print("User has declined notifications")
            }
        }

        return true
    }

    func applicationWillResignActive(_ application: UIApplication) {
    }
    func applicationDidEnterBackground(_ application: UIApplication) {
    }
    func applicationWillEnterForeground(_ application: UIApplication) {
    }
    func applicationWillTerminate(_ application: UIApplication) {
    }
    func applicationDidBecomeActive(_ application: UIApplication) {
        UIApplication.shared.applicationIconBadgeNumber = 0
    }


    //MARK: Local Notification Methods Starts here

    //Prepare New Notificaion with deatils and trigger
    func scheduleNotification(notificationType: String) {

        //Compose New Notificaion
        let content = UNMutableNotificationContent()
        let categoryIdentifire = "Delete Notification Type"
        content.sound = UNNotificationSound.default
        content.body = "This is example how to send " + notificationType
        content.badge = 1
        content.categoryIdentifier = categoryIdentifire

        //Add attachment for Notification with more content
        if (notificationType == "Local Notification with Content")
        {
            let imageName = "Apple"
            guard let imageURL = Bundle.main.url(forResource: imageName, withExtension: "png") else { return }
            let attachment = try! UNNotificationAttachment(identifier: imageName, url: imageURL, options: .none)
            content.attachments = [attachment]
        }

        let trigger = UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger(timeInterval: 5, repeats: false)
        let identifier = "Local Notification"
        let request = UNNotificationRequest(identifier: identifier, content: content, trigger: trigger)

        notificationCenter.add(request) { (error) in
            if let error = error {
                print("Error \(error.localizedDescription)")
            }
        }

        //Add Action button the Notification
        if (notificationType == "Local Notification with Action")
        {
            let snoozeAction = UNNotificationAction(identifier: "Snooze", title: "Snooze", options: [])
            let deleteAction = UNNotificationAction(identifier: "DeleteAction", title: "Delete", options: [.destructive])
            let category = UNNotificationCategory(identifier: categoryIdentifire,
                                                  actions: [snoozeAction, deleteAction],
                                                  intentIdentifiers: [],
                                                  options: [])
            notificationCenter.setNotificationCategories([category])
        }
    }

    //Handle Notification Center Delegate methods
    func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
                                willPresent notification: UNNotification,
                                withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UNNotificationPresentationOptions) -> Void) {
        completionHandler([.alert, .sound])
    }

    func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
                                didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse,
                                withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void) {
        if response.notification.request.identifier == "Local Notification" {
            print("Handling notifications with the Local Notification Identifier")
        }
        completionHandler()
    }
}

和ViewController

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController, UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource {

    var appDelegate = UIApplication.shared.delegate as? AppDelegate
    let notifications = ["Simple Local Notification",
                         "Local Notification with Action",
                         "Local Notification with Content",]

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
    }

    // MARK: - Table view data source

     func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return notifications.count
    }

     func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "Cell", for: indexPath)
        cell.textLabel?.text = notifications[indexPath.row]
        return cell
    }

     func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, didSelectRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
        let notificationType = notifications[indexPath.row]
        let alert = UIAlertController(title: "",
                                      message: "After 5 seconds " + notificationType + " will appear",
                                      preferredStyle: .alert)
        let okAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Okay, I will wait", style: .default) { (action) in
            self.appDelegate?.scheduleNotification(notificationType: notificationType)
        }
        alert.addAction(okAction)
        present(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
    }
}