我正在跟踪一些关于以下实现的源代码strlen:
#include <_ansi.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <limits.h>
#define LBLOCKSIZE (sizeof (long))
#define UNALIGNED(X) ((long)X & (LBLOCKSIZE - 1))
#if LONG_MAX == 2147483647L
#define DETECTNULL(X) (((X) - 0x01010101) & ~(X) & 0x80808080)
#else
#if LONG_MAX == 9223372036854775807L
/* Nonzero if X (a long int) contains a NULL byte. */
#define DETECTNULL(X) (((X) - 0x0101010101010101) & ~(X) & 0x8080808080808080)
#else
#error long int is not a 32bit or 64bit type.
#endif
#endif
#ifndef DETECTNULL
#error long int is not a 32bit or 64bit byte
#endif
size_t
_DEFUN (strlen, (str),
_CONST char *str)
{
_CONST char *start = str;
#if !defined(PREFER_SIZE_OVER_SPEED) && !defined(__OPTIMIZE_SIZE__)
unsigned long *aligned_addr;
/* Align the pointer, so we can search a word at a time. */
while (UNALIGNED (str))
{
if (!*str)
return str - start;
str++;
}
/* If the string is word-aligned, we can check for the presence of
a null in each word-sized block. */
aligned_addr = (unsigned long *)str;
while (!DETECTNULL (*aligned_addr))
aligned_addr++;
/* Once a null is detected, we check each byte in that block for a
precise position of the null. */
str = (char *) aligned_addr;
#endif /* not PREFER_SIZE_OVER_SPEED */
while (*str)
str++;
return str - start;
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
我能理解大部分代码,但我不知道以下宏如何判断字符串是否按字对齐:
#define UNALIGNED(X) ((long)X & (LBLOCKSIZE - 1))
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
它是如何工作的?
如果LBLOCKSIZE是 2 的幂,LBLOCKSIZE - 1则是低位全 1 的模式。如果该模式中的任何位在地址中设置,则它不会与该块大小对齐。
例子:
LBLOCKSIZE = 4096
LBLOCKSIZE - 1 = 4095 = 0xFFF
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
通常,磁盘块和内存块的大小是 2 的幂,因为硬件往往更喜欢它们。尽管我们中的一些人已经足够记住十进制机器了。
| 归档时间: |
|
| 查看次数: |
115 次 |
| 最近记录: |