Dsr*_*ast 2 linux kernel kernel-module chardev
我是 Linux 内核模块的新手。我正在根据网络课程学习字符驱动程序模块。我有一个非常简单的模块来创建/dev/chardevexample,我有一个问题需要了解:
当我这样做时echo "hello4" > /dev/chardevexample,我会write按预期看到执行一次。但是,当我这样做时cat /dev/chardevexample,我看到读取执行了两次。
我在我的代码和课程材料中都看到了这一点。第一次返回了所有数据read(),为什么还要cat再次调用呢?
到目前为止我所做的所有事情如下:
insmod chardev.ko加载我的模块echo "hello4" > /dev/chardevexample。这是写入,我在 dmesg 中看到它只发生一次 cat /dev/chardevexample。这是读取的内容,并且dmesg显示它发生了两次。我做到了strace cat /dev/chardevexample,而且我确实看到函数调用被调用两次以进行读取。中间也有写
read(3, "hello4\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 131072) = 4096
write(1, "hello4\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 4096hello4) = 4096
read(3, "", 131072)
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)dmesg读取后(cat 命令)
[909836.517402] DEBUG-device_read: To User hello4 and bytes_to_do 4096 ppos 0 # Read #1
[909836.517428] DEBUG-device_read: Data send to app hello4, nbytes=4096 # Read #1
[909836.519086] DEBUG-device_read: To User and bytes_to_do 0 ppos 4096 # Read #2
[909836.519093] DEBUG-device_read: Data send to app hello4, nbytes=0 # Read #2
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)附加了读取、写入和文件操作的代码片段。任何指导都会有所帮助。我广泛搜索并无法理解。因此就有了这个帖子。
/*!
* @brief Write to device from userspace to kernel space
* @returns Number of bytes written
*/
static ssize_t device_write(struct file *file, //!< File pointer
const char *buf,//!< from for copy_from_user. Takes 'buf' from user space and writes to
//!< kernel space in 'buffer'. Happens on fwrite or write
size_t lbuf, //!< length of buffer
loff_t *ppos) //!< position to write to
{
int nbytes = lbuf - copy_from_user(
buffer + *ppos, /* to */
buf, /* from */
lbuf); /* how many bytes */
*ppos += nbytes;
buffer[strcspn(buffer, "\n")] = 0; // Remove End of line character
pr_info("Recieved data \"%s\" from apps, nbytes=%d\n", buffer, nbytes);
return nbytes;
}
/*!
* @brief Read from device - from kernel space to user space
* @returns Number of bytes read
*/
static ssize_t device_read(struct file *file,//!< File pointer
char *buf, //!< for copy_to_user. buf is 'to' from buffer
size_t lbuf, //!< Length of buffer
loff_t *ppos)//!< Position {
int nbytes;
int maxbytes;
int bytes_to_do;
maxbytes = PAGE_SIZE - *ppos;
if(maxbytes >lbuf)
bytes_to_do = lbuf;
else
bytes_to_do = maxbytes;
buffer[strcspn(buffer, "\n")] = 0; // Remove End of line character
printk("DEBUG-device_read: To User %s and bytes_to_do %d ppos %lld\n", buffer + *ppos, bytes_to_do, *ppos);
nbytes = bytes_to_do - copy_to_user(
buf, /* to */
buffer + *ppos, /* from */
bytes_to_do); /* how many bytes*/
*ppos += nbytes;
pr_info("DEBUG-device_read: Data send to app %s, nbytes=%d\n", buffer, nbytes);
return nbytes;} /* Every Device is like a file - this is device file operation */ static struct file_operations device_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.write = device_write,
.open = device_open,
.read = device_read,};
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)指示文件结束的 Unix 约定是返回read0 字节。
在本例中,cat请求 131072 字节,但仅收到 4096。这是正常现象,不应解释为已到达文件末尾。例如,当您从键盘读取但用户仅输入少量数据时,就会发生这种情况。
因为cat还没有看到 EOF(即read没有返回 0),所以它继续发出read调用,直到看到 EOF。这意味着,如果有任何数据,您总是会看到至少两次读取调用:一次(或多次)读取数据,最后一次返回 0。
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