通过StringBuilder使用XmlWriter进行XML序列化是utf-16而via Stream是utf-8？

Question

当我遇到它时,我感到很惊讶,并编写了一个控制台应用程序来检查它,并确保我没有做任何其他事情.

有谁能解释一下？

这是代码:

using System;    
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    public class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var o = new SomeObject { Field1 = "string value", Field2 = 8 };

            Console.WriteLine("ObjectToXmlViaStringBuilder");
            Console.Write(ObjectToXmlViaStringBuilder(o));
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("ObjectToXmlViaStream");
            Console.Write(StreamToString(ObjectToXmlViaStream(o)));
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        public static string ObjectToXmlViaStringBuilder(SomeObject someObject)
        {
            var output = new StringBuilder();
            var settings = new XmlWriterSettings { Encoding = Encoding.UTF8, Indent = true };

            using (var xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(output, settings))
            {
                var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(SomeObject));
                var namespaces = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();

                xmlWriter.WriteStartDocument();
                xmlWriter.WriteDocType("Field1", null, "someObject.dtd", null);
                namespaces.Add(string.Empty, string.Empty);
                serializer.Serialize(xmlWriter, someObject, namespaces);
            }

            return output.ToString();
        }

        private static string StreamToString(Stream stream)
        {
            var reader = new StreamReader(stream);
            return reader.ReadToEnd();
        }

        public static Stream ObjectToXmlViaStream(SomeObject someObject)
        {
            var output = new MemoryStream();
            var settings = new XmlWriterSettings { Encoding = Encoding.UTF8, Indent = true };

            using (var xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(output, settings))
            {
                var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(SomeObject));
                var namespaces = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();

                xmlWriter.WriteStartDocument();
                xmlWriter.WriteDocType("Field1", null, "someObject.dtd", null);
                namespaces.Add(string.Empty, string.Empty);
                serializer.Serialize(xmlWriter, someObject, namespaces);
            }

            output.Seek(0L, SeekOrigin.Begin);

            return output;
        }

        public class SomeObject
        {
            public string Field1 { get; set; }
            public int Field2 { get; set; }
        }
    }
}

这是结果:

ObjectToXmlViaStringBuilder

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<!DOCTYPE Field1 SYSTEM "someObject.dtd">
<SomeObject>
<Field1>string value</Field1>
<Field2>8</Field2>
</SomeObject>

ObjectToXmlViaStream

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE Field1 SYSTEM "someObject.dtd">
<SomeObject>
<Field1>string value</Field1>
<Field2>8</Field2>
</SomeObject>

Answer 1

当您创建XmlWritera时TextWriter,XmlWriter始终使用底层的编码TextWriter.a的编码StringWriter总是UTF-16,因为这就是.NET字符串在内部编码的方式.

当您创建a XmlWriter周围时Stream,没有为其定义编码Stream,因此它使用在中指定的编码XmlWriterSettings.