MSBuild中的PreBuildEvent,BeforeBuild目标和BeforeCompile目标之间有什么区别？

Question

我最近不得不将一些代码从Visual Studio中的PreBuildEvent移动到BeforeBuild目标中,以使其在AppHarbor上运行.在这样做的同时,我也注意到了一个BeforeCompile目标.

这三个看似相似的事件有什么区别:PreBuildEvent,BeforeBuild Target,BeforeCompileTarget？

每个人能做什么/不能做什么,为什么你会选择一个而不是另一个？

Answer 1

可以在以下Microsoft.Common.targets文件中找到此问题的答案(取决于您使用的是64位还是32位框架):C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\Microsoft.Common.target对于64位和 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\Microsoft.Common.targets32位运行时.此文件定义项目构建所经历的所有步骤.引用来源:

<!--
============================================================
                                    Build

The main build entry point.
============================================================
-->
<PropertyGroup>
    <BuildDependsOn>
        BeforeBuild;
        CoreBuild;
        AfterBuild
    </BuildDependsOn>
</PropertyGroup>

该代码是不够好,解释如何使用的BeforeBuild,并AfterBuild在这两个目标的意见目标.

<!--
============================================================
                                    BeforeBuild

Redefine this target in your project in order to run tasks just before Build
============================================================
-->
<Target Name="BeforeBuild"/>

<!--
============================================================
                                    AfterBuild

Redefine this target in your project in order to run tasks just after Build
============================================================
-->
<Target Name="AfterBuild"/>

接下来是CoreBuild目标的定义:

<PropertyGroup>
    <CoreBuildDependsOn>
        BuildOnlySettings;
        PrepareForBuild;
        PreBuildEvent;
        ResolveReferences;
        PrepareResources;
        ResolveKeySource;
        Compile;
        UnmanagedUnregistration;
        GenerateSerializationAssemblies;
        CreateSatelliteAssemblies;
        GenerateManifests;
        GetTargetPath;
        PrepareForRun;
        UnmanagedRegistration;
        IncrementalClean;
        PostBuildEvent
    </CoreBuildDependsOn>
</PropertyGroup>

所以Build目标只是目标的一个包装器CoreBuild,使您能够在CoreBuild目标之前或之后执行自定义步骤.正如可以在上面所述可以看出PreBuildEvent和PostBuildEvent被列为的依赖CoreBuild目标.Compile目标的依赖关系定义如下:

<PropertyGroup>
    <CompileDependsOn>
        ResolveReferences;
        ResolveKeySource;
        SetWin32ManifestProperties;
        _GenerateCompileInputs;
        BeforeCompile;
        _TimeStampBeforeCompile;
        CoreCompile;
        _TimeStampAfterCompile;
        AfterCompile
    </CompileDependsOn>
</PropertyGroup>

再次BeforeCompile,AfterCompile并在代码中评论:

<!--
============================================================
                                    BeforeCompile

Redefine this target in your project in order to run tasks just before Compile.
============================================================
-->
<Target Name="BeforeCompile"/>

<!--
============================================================
                                    AfterCompile

Redefine this target in your project in order to run tasks just after Compile.
============================================================
-->
<Target Name="AfterCompile"/>

鉴于此信息,我不知道为什么AppHarbor不支持,Pre-, PostBuildEvent而Build可以使用修改Before-, AfterBuild.

选择Target要覆盖哪个场景取决于您希望执行给定任务的构建期间的时刻.目标对于他们可以完成的任务没有特定的限制和/或好处.除了他们可以适应ItemGroup之前步骤定义/填充的或属性之外.

使用nuget引入包可能最好在构建尝试解决项目依赖项之前执行.因此BeforeCompile,这种行动不是一个好的候选人.

我希望这能够解释这个问题.在MSDN上找到了另一个很好的解释