如何解决在 Linux (Ubuntu 18.04) 中执行 EF Core 数据库脚手架时“无法使用 Kerberos 进行身份验证”的问题？有什么解决办法吗？

Question

每个人。我一直在尝试使用 EntityFrameworkCore 开发简单的启动 AspNetCore 应用程序，以连接和使用 MS SQL 服务器数据库。并通过 Rider IDE、数据库客户端工具 (DBeaver) 和 dotnet 命令行界面 (dotnet ef) 管理所有这些。我正在使用数据库优先方法（在 mssql 服务器上创建数据库，用表填充它，然后基于表构建模型）。我的逐步行动：

1）为我在 Ubuntu 18.04 上工作的机器安装和设置 mssql 服务器。安装命令行工具“SQLCMD”。/// 指南链接 - https://docs.microsoft.com/en-gb/sql/linux/quickstart-install-connect-ubuntu?view=sql-server-ver15

2）本地连接到我的 MSSQLServer 实例。 sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P 'MyPasswd'

3) 使用 Transact-SQL 创建的数据库并安装 DB 客户端 (DBeaver) 来快速管理我现在和将来的数据库。

下一步，正如我所想的那样，是使用有关将我的 Web 应用程序连接到此处找到的数据库的教程https://blog.jetbrains.com/dotnet/2017/08/09/running-entity-framework-core-commands-骑手/和这里https://www.entityframeworktutorial.net/efcore/create-model-for-existing-database-in-ef-core.aspx

我的 ASP.NET Core 项目的包引用：

• Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore
• Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer
• Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools

在输入 CLI 命令 dotnet ef dbcontext scaffold "Server=localhost;Database=WebAppDB;Integrated Security=true;" 后 Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer -c RsvpContext（构建“RsvpContext”上下文以连接到我的数据库 WebAppDB。）

我看到我看到的：

Build started...
Build succeeded.
Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlException (0x80131904): **Cannot authenticate using 
Kerberos. Ensure Kerberos has been initialized on the client with 'kinit' and a 
Service Principal Name has been registered for the SQL Server to allow Kerberos 
authentication.**

ErrorCode=InternalError, Exception=Interop+NetSecurityNative+GssApiException: 
GSSAPI operation failed with error - Unspecified GSS failure.  Minor code may 
provide more information (SPNEGO cannot find mechanisms to negotiate).


   at System.Net.Security.NegotiateStreamPal.GssInitSecurityContext(SafeGssContextHandle& context, SafeGssCredHandle credential, Boolean isNtlm, SafeGssNameHandle targetName, GssFlags inFlags, Byte[] buffer, Byte[]& outputBuffer, UInt32& outFlags, Int32& isNtlmUsed)

   at System.Net.Security.NegotiateStreamPal.EstablishSecurityContext(SafeFreeNegoCredentials credential, SafeDeleteContext& context, String targetName, ContextFlagsPal inFlags, SecurityBuffer inputBuffer, SecurityBuffer outputBuffer, ContextFlagsPal& outFlags)

   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SNI.SNIProxy.GenSspiClientContext(SspiClientContextStatus sspiClientContextStatus, Byte[] receivedBuff, Byte[]& sendBuff, Byte[] serverName)

   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SNI.TdsParserStateObjectManaged.GenerateSspiClientContext(Byte[] receivedBuff, UInt32 receivedLength, Byte[]& sendBuff, UInt32& sendLength, Byte[] _sniSpnBuffer)

   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.SNISSPIData(Byte[] receivedBuff, UInt32 receivedLength, Byte[]& sendBuff, UInt32& sendLength)

   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnectionTds..ctor(DbConnectionPoolIdentity identity, SqlConnectionString connectionOptions, SqlCredential credential, Object providerInfo, String newPassword, SecureString newSecurePassword, Boolean redirectedUserInstance, SqlConnectionString userConnectionOptions, SessionData reconnectSessionData, Boolean applyTransientFaultHandling, String accessToken, DbConnectionPool pool, SqlAuthenticationProviderManager sqlAuthProviderManager)

   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnectionFactory.CreateConnection(DbConnectionOptions options, DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, Object poolGroupProviderInfo, DbConnectionPool pool, DbConnection owningConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions)

   at Microsoft.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory.CreatePooledConnection(DbConnectionPool pool, DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions options, DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, DbConnectionOptions userOptions)

   at Microsoft.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.CreateObject(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection)

   at Microsoft.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.UserCreateRequest(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection)

   at Microsoft.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, UInt32 waitForMultipleObjectsTimeout, Boolean allowCreate, Boolean onlyOneCheckConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection)

   at Microsoft.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, TaskCompletionSource`1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection)

at Microsoft.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningConnection, TaskCompletionSource`1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection, DbConnectionInternal& connection)

   at Microsoft.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionInternal.TryOpenConnectionInternal(DbConnection outerConnection, DbConnectionFactory connectionFactory, TaskCompletionSource`1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions)

   at Microsoft.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionClosed.TryOpenConnection(DbConnection outerConnection, DbConnectionFactory connectionFactory, TaskCompletionSource`1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions)

   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.TryOpen(TaskCompletionSource`1 retry)

   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.Open()

   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer.Scaffolding.Internal.SqlServerDatabaseModelFactory.Create(DbConnection connection, DatabaseModelFactoryOptions options)

at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer.Scaffolding.Internal.SqlServerDatabaseModelFactory.Create(String connectionString, DatabaseModelFactoryOptions options)

   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Scaffolding.Internal.ReverseEngineerScaffolder.ScaffoldModel(String connectionString, DatabaseModelFactoryOptions databaseOptions, ModelReverseEngineerOptions modelOptions, ModelCodeGenerationOptions codeOptions)

   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.Internal.DatabaseOperations.ScaffoldContext(String provider, String connectionString, String outputDir, String outputContextDir, String dbContextClassName, IEnumerable`1 schemas, IEnumerable`1 tables, Boolean useDataAnnotations, Boolean overwriteFiles, Boolean useDatabaseNames)

   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.ScaffoldContextImpl(String provider, String connectionString, String outputDir, String outputDbContextDir, String dbContextClassName, IEnumerable`1 schemaFilters, IEnumerable`1 tableFilters, Boolean useDataAnnotations, Boolean overwriteFiles, Boolean useDatabaseNames)

   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.ScaffoldContext.<>c__DisplayClass0_0.<.ctor>b__0()

   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.OperationBase.<>c__DisplayClass3_0`1.<Execute>b__0()

   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.OperationBase.Execute(Action action)
ClientConnectionId:38f805bc-5879-458b-9256-d6a201d7ce99
Cannot authenticate using Kerberos. Ensure Kerberos has been initialized on the 
client with 'kinit' and a Service Principal Name has been registered for the SQL 
Server to allow Kerberos authentication.
ErrorCode=InternalError, Exception=Interop+NetSecurityNative+GssApiException: 
GSSAPI operation failed with error - Unspecified GSS failure.  Minor code may 
provide more information (SPNEGO cannot find mechanisms to negotiate).

   at System.Net.Security.NegotiateStreamPal.GssInitSecurityContext(SafeGssContextHandle& context, SafeGssCredHandle credential, Boolean isNtlm, SafeGssNameHandle targetName, GssFlags inFlags, Byte[] buffer, Byte[]& outputBuffer, UInt32& outFlags, Int32& isNtlmUsed)

   at System.Net.Security.NegotiateStreamPal.EstablishSecurityContext(SafeFreeNegoCredentials credential, SafeDeleteContext& context, String targetName, ContextFlagsPal inFlags, SecurityBuffer inputBuffer, SecurityBuffer outputBuffer, ContextFlagsPal& outFlags)

   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SNI.SNIProxy.GenSspiClientContext(SspiClientContextStatus sspiClientContextStatus, Byte[] receivedBuff, Byte[]& sendBuff, Byte[] serverName)

   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SNI.TdsParserStateObjectManaged.GenerateSspiClientContext(Byte[] receivedBuff, UInt32 receivedLength, Byte[]& sendBuff, UInt32& sendLength, Byte[] _sniSpnBuffer)

   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.SNISSPIData(Byte[] receivedBuff, UInt32 receivedLength, Byte[]& sendBuff, UInt32& sendLength)

如果有人（最好是在 Linux 上工作）遇到同样的问题，请告诉我并分享您的解决方案（在这种情况下该怎么做的指南）。

Answer 1

在我们的案例中，我们最近在向云解决方案转型时遇到了这个问题。

简短的回答，它与集成身份验证有关。

我们将其删除或设置为false，因此集成身份验证应该类似于 ( integrated security=false;) 并在我们的连接字符串 ( User ID=YourProperUserName;Password=YourProperUserPassword;) 中提供具有正确访问权限的用户名和密码。

问题解决了。