我想定义一个函数,它接受一个 ,HList其元素是这样的,对于每个元素t,都有一个类型T使得t: Either[String, T]. 我们将调用的函数validate应具有以下行为:
Right,则返回Right右投影映射参数的结果。Left[List[String]],其中列表包含Left参数中每个的左投影。例子:
validate (Right (42) :: Right (3.14) :: Right (false) :: HNil)
>> Right (42 :: 3.14 :: false :: HNil)
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validate (Right (42) :: Left ("qwerty") :: Left ("uiop") :: HNil)
>> Left (List ("qwerty", "uiop"))
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一个示例用例:
case class Result (foo: Foo, bar: Bar, baz: Baz, qux: Qux)
def getFoo: Either[String, Foo] = ???
def getBar: Either[String, Bar] = ???
def getBaz: Either[String, Baz] = ???
def getQux: Either[String, Qux] = ???
def createResult: Either[String, Result] = {
validate (getFoo :: getBar :: getBaz :: getQux :: HNil) match {
case Right (foo :: bar :: baz :: qux :: HNil) => Right (Result (foo, bar, baz, qux))
case Left (errors) => Left ("The following errors occurred:\n" + errors.mkString ("\n"))
}
}
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我假设我们在整个答案中有一些这样的测试数据:
scala> import shapeless.{::, HNil}
import shapeless.{$colon$colon, HNil}
scala> type In = Either[String, Int] :: Either[String, String] :: HNil
defined type alias In
scala> val good: In = Right(123) :: Right("abc") :: HNil
good: In = Right(123) :: Right(abc) :: HNil
scala> val bad: In = Left("error 1") :: Left("error 2") :: HNil
bad: In = Left(error 1) :: Left(error 2) :: HNil
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有很多方法可以做到这一点。我可能会使用自定义类型类来突出显示实例的归纳构建方式:
import shapeless.HList
trait Sequence[L <: HList] {
type E
type Out <: HList
def apply(l: L): Either[List[E], Out]
}
object Sequence {
type Aux[L <: HList, E0, Out0 <: HList] = Sequence[L] { type E = E0; type Out = Out0 }
implicit def hnilSequence[E0]: Aux[HNil, E0, HNil] = new Sequence[HNil] {
type E = E0
type Out = HNil
def apply(l: HNil): Either[List[E], HNil] = Right(l)
}
implicit def hconsSequence[H, T <: HList, E0](implicit
ts: Sequence[T] { type E = E0 }
): Aux[Either[E0, H] :: T, E0, H :: ts.Out] = new Sequence[Either[E0, H] :: T] {
type E = E0
type Out = H :: ts.Out
def apply(l: Either[E0, H] :: T): Either[List[E0], H :: ts.Out] =
(l.head, ts(l.tail)) match {
case (Right(h), Right(t)) => Right(h :: t)
case (Left(eh), Left(et)) => Left(eh :: et)
case (Left(eh), _) => Left(List(eh))
case (_, Left(et)) => Left(et)
}
}
}
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然后你可以这样写validate:
def validate[L <: HList](l: L)(implicit s: Sequence[L]): Either[List[s.E], s.Out] = s(l)
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并像这样使用它:
scala> validate(good)
res0: scala.util.Either[List[String],Int :: String :: shapeless.HNil] = Right(123 :: abc :: HNil)
scala> validate(bad)
res1: scala.util.Either[List[String],Int :: String :: shapeless.HNil] = Left(List(error 1, error 2))
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请注意,静态类型是正确的。
您也可以通过折叠一个Poly2.
import shapeless.Poly2
object combine extends Poly2 {
implicit def eitherCase[H, T, E, OutT <: HList]:
Case.Aux[Either[E, H], Either[List[E], OutT], Either[List[E], H :: OutT]] = at {
case (Right(h), Right(t)) => Right(h :: t)
case (Left(eh), Left(et)) => Left(eh :: et)
case (Left(eh), _) => Left(List(eh))
case (_, Left(et)) => Left(et)
}
}
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进而:
scala> good.foldRight(Right(HNil): Either[List[String], HNil])(combine)
res2: scala.util.Either[List[String],Int :: String :: shapeless.HNil] = Right(123 :: abc :: HNil)
scala> bad.foldRight(Right(HNil): Either[List[String], HNil])(combine)
res3: scala.util.Either[List[String],Int :: String :: shapeless.HNil] = Left(List(error 1, error 2))
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我想这可能是“正确”的答案,假设您想单独坚持使用 Shapeless。该Poly2方法仅依赖于我个人并不真正喜欢的隐式解析的一些奇怪细节(例如,我们无法定义combine为val)。
最后,您可以使用支持排序和遍历 hlist的Kittens库:
scala> import cats.instances.all._, cats.sequence._
import cats.instances.all._
import cats.sequence._
scala> good.sequence
res4: scala.util.Either[String,Int :: String :: shapeless.HNil] = Right(123 :: abc :: HNil)
scala> bad.sequence
res5: scala.util.Either[String,Int :: String :: shapeless.HNil] = Left(error 1)
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请注意,这不会累积错误。
如果您想要最完整的 Typelevel 体验,我猜您可以parSequence向 Kittens添加一个操作,该操作会通过Parallel将它们映射到的实例来累积错误列表的错误Validated(有关其工作原理的更多详细信息,请参阅我的博客文章)。不过,小猫目前不包括这个。
如果你想parSequence,它实际上并不是说太多的噩梦给它自己写:
import shapeless.HList, shapeless.poly.~>, shapeless.ops.hlist.{Comapped, NatTRel}
import cats.Parallel, cats.instances.all._, cats.sequence.Sequencer
def parSequence[L <: HList, M[_], P[_], PL <: HList, Out](l: L)(implicit
cmp: Comapped[L, M],
par: Parallel.Aux[M, P],
ntr: NatTRel[L, M, PL, P],
seq: Sequencer.Aux[PL, P, Out]
): M[Out] = {
val nt = new (M ~> P) {
def apply[A](a: M[A]): P[A] = par.parallel(a)
}
par.sequential(seq(ntr.map(nt, l)))
}
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进而:
scala> parSequence(good)
res0: Either[String,Int :: String :: shapeless.HNil] = Right(123 :: abc :: HNil)
scala> parSequence(bad)
res1: Either[String,Int :: String :: shapeless.HNil] = Left(error 1error 2)
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请注意,这确实会累积错误,但通过连接字符串。在列表中累积错误的 Cats 惯用方法如下所示:
scala> import cats.syntax.all._
import cats.syntax.all._
scala> val good = 123.rightNel[String] :: "abc".rightNel[String] :: HNil
good: Either[cats.data.NonEmptyList[String],Int] :: Either[cats.data.NonEmptyList[String],String] :: shapeless.HNil = Right(123) :: Right(abc) :: HNil
scala> val bad = "error 1".leftNel[String] :: "error 2".leftNel[Int] :: HNil
bad: Either[cats.data.NonEmptyList[String],String] :: Either[cats.data.NonEmptyList[String],Int] :: shapeless.HNil = Left(NonEmptyList(error 1)) :: Left(NonEmptyList(error 2)) :: HNil
scala> parSequence(good)
res3: Either[cats.data.NonEmptyList[String],Int :: String :: shapeless.HNil] = Right(123 :: abc :: HNil)
scala> parSequence(bad)
res4: Either[cats.data.NonEmptyList[String],String :: Int :: shapeless.HNil] = Left(NonEmptyList(error 1, error 2))
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可能值得打开一个 PR 来为 Kittens 添加这样的东西。
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