Visual Studio 代码调试器错误：“找不到任务‘gcc 构建活动文件’

Question

我正在尝试使用 Ubuntu Linux 在 Visual Studio Code 中配置 C/C++ 工作区，但我不知道如何使调试器正常工作。我从互联网上复制了一个“tasks.json”文件，以便能够通过按下 F5 来编译我的代码，但我认为它会导致调试器出现某种问题，因为每次我尝试进入调试模式时，都会出现错误“Could没有找到任务“gcc build active file”弹出。这是2个jsons：tasks.json

{
"version": "2.0.0",
"tasks": [
    {
        "label": "debug",
        "type": "shell",
        "command": "",
        "args": [
            "g++",
            "-g",
            "${relativeFile}",
            "-o",
            "a.exe"
        ]
    },
    {
        "label": "Compile and run",
        "type": "shell",
        "command": "",
        "args": [
            "g++",
            "-g",
            "${relativeFile}",
            "-o",
            "${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out",
            "&&",
            "clear",
            "&&",
            "./${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out"
        ],
        "group": {
            "kind": "build",
            "isDefault": true
        },
        "problemMatcher": {
            "owner": "cpp",
            "fileLocation": [
                "relative",
                "${workspaceRoot}"
            ],
            "pattern": {
                "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
                "file": 1,
                "line": 2,
                "column": 3,
                "severity": 4,
                "message": 5
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "type": "shell",
        "label": "g++ build active file",
        "command": "/bin/g++",
        "args": [
            "-g",
            "${file}",
            "-o",
            "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}"
        ],
        "options": {
            "cwd": "/bin"
        },
        "problemMatcher": [
            "$gcc"
        ],
        "group": "build"
    }
]

}

启动文件

{
// Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
// Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
// For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
    {
        "name": "(gdb) Launch",
        "type": "cppdbg",
        "request": "launch",
        "program": "enter program name, for example ${workspaceFolder}/a.out",
        "args": [],
        "stopAtEntry": false,
        "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
        "environment": [],
        "externalConsole": false,
        "MIMode": "gdb",
        "setupCommands": [
            {
                "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                "ignoreFailures": true
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "name": "gcc build and debug active file",
        "type": "cppdbg",
        "request": "launch",
        "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
        "args": [],
        "stopAtEntry": false,
        "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
        "environment": [],
        "externalConsole": false,
        "MIMode": "gdb",
        "setupCommands": [
            {
                "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                "ignoreFailures": true
            }
        ],
        "preLaunchTask": "gcc build active file",
        "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb"
    }
]

}

在此先感谢您的帮助，我真的很无能为力。

Answer 1

在你的task.json文件，没有任务被标记为所要求的“GCC编译活动文件”preLaunchTask的launch.json文件。

因此，您可以更改label任务或更改内容preLaunchTask以使它们匹配。

只需将内容更改preLaunchTask为“g++ build active file”。它会起作用。

Answer 2

您需要指定文件的路径和名称。当然，只有在使用 g 标志编译二进制文件时才可以进行调试（输出变得更重且压缩程度更低）。

• launch.json 将映射到二进制文件

  "程序": "${workspaceFolder}/a.out",

• task.json 与如何编译有关

  "args": [ "-g", "${workspaceFolder}/*.cpp", "-o", "${workspaceFolder}/a.out"

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2tM21nmzfk&app=desktop

如果您无法通过 vscode 使其工作，您可能需要使用其他工具，例如 GDB。GDB 在 Linux/VM 甚至 WSL 的终端中也能很好地工作。