当应用程序在后台/未运行时如何设置自定义通知声音？

Question

当应用程序位于前台时，可以通过在 resources/raw 文件夹中提供声音文件来播放自定义通知声音，然后在对通知做出反应时，执行以下操作：

Android.Net.Uri notification = Android.Net.Uri.Parse("android.resource://" + Application.Context.PackageName + "/raw/thesoundfile");                       
Ringtone rt = RingtoneManager.GetRingtone(a, notification);
rt.Play();

然而。显然，当应用程序在后台时，这不会被执行，并且当通知到达时操作系统仍然会播放（默认）通知声音。

如何以编程方式设置此“背景”通知声音，使其与前台播放的自定义声音相同？

我查看了用于关闭这篇文章的“重复”问题。这个问题是在 7 年前提出的，当时 Android 还处于 Jelly Bean 版本（4.1 - 4.3.1）。七年前有效的方法在今天并不总是有效。该答案已过时，并且不适用于 Oreo (10) 版本。

Answer 1

首先将资源 (res) 中的文件夹命名为 raw 并将文件 (YOUR_SOUND_FILE.MP3) 放入其中，然后使用以下代码行来自定义声音

NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) context
        .getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
Notification notification = new Notification(icon, message, when);

String title = context.getString(R.string.app_name);

Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(context,
        SlidingMenuActivity.class);
notificationIntent.putExtra("isInbox", true);
// set intent so it does not start a new activity
notificationIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP
        | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP);
PendingIntent intent = PendingIntent.getActivity(context, 0,
        notificationIntent, 0);
notification.setLatestEventInfo(context, title, message, intent);
notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL;

使用这些代码行来自定义声音

 notification.sound =Uri.parse("android.resource://"+context.getPackageName()+"/"+R.raw.FILE_NAME);//Here is FILE_NAME is the name of file that you want to play


// Vibrate if vibrate is enabled
notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE;
notificationManager.notify(0, notification);

对于Oreo及更高版本，您需要检查SDK_VERSION并使用NotificationChannel的setSound方法

   Uri sound = Uri.parse(ContentResolver.SCHEME_ANDROID_RESOURCE + "://" + context.getPackageName() + "/" + R.raw.FILE_NAME);  //Here is FILE_NAME is the name of file that you want to play

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {

        NotificationChannel mChannel = new NotificationChannel("YOUR_CHANNEL_ID",
            "YOUR CHANNEL NAME",
            NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT)

        AudioAttributes attributes = new AudioAttributes.Builder()
                .setUsage(AudioAttributes.USAGE_NOTIFICATION)
                .build();

        NotificationChannel mChannel = new NotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID, 
                context.getString(R.string.app_name),
                NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH);

        // Configure the notification channel.
        mChannel.setDescription(msg);
        mChannel.enableLights(true);
        mChannel.enableVibration(true);
        mChannel.setSound(sound, attributes); // This is IMPORTANT


        if (mNotificationManager != null)
            mNotificationManager.createNotificationChannel(mChannel);
    }
else


//for pre-oreo mobiles
{
 NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(context)
.setContentTitle(context.getString(R.string.app_name))    .setContentIntent(PendingIntent.getActivity(context, 0, new Intent(context, MainActivity_.class), 0))
            .setContentText("temporary text")
            .setAutoCancel(true)
           .setSound(Uri.parse("android.resource://"
                            + context.getPackageName() + "/"
                            + R.raw.alert))
            .setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS | Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE)
            .setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT)
            .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
            .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_stat_notification);

    Notification notification = builder.build();
    NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
    notificationManager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);
}