如何使用 Ruby fiddle 加载 Windows DLL 文件？

Question

我正在尝试为 ruby​​ 创建一个GR 框架绑定。我用小提琴。Fiddle 是使用 ruby​​ 转换外部函数接口 (FFI) 的默认扩展。它在 Linux 和 Mac 上运行良好。但在 Windows 上，我收到以下错误。

代码hoge.rb

require 'fiddle/import'

module M
   extend extend Fiddle::Importer
   dlload File.expand_path('gr/bin/libGR.dll').gsub("/", "\\")
end

错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
        7: from hoge.rb:3:in `<main>'
        6: from hoge.rb:5:in `<module:M>'
        5: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:77:in `dlload'
        4: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:77:in `collect'
        3: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:87:in `block in dlload'
        2: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle.rb:47:in `dlopen'
        1: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle.rb:47:in `new'
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle.rb:47:in `initialize': No such file or directory (Fiddle::DLError)
        5: from hoge.rb:3:in `<main>'
        4: from hoge.rb:5:in `<module:M>'
        3: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:77:in `dlload'
        2: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:77:in `collect'
        1: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:86:in `block in dlload'
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:89:in `rescue in block in dlload': can't load C:\Users\kojix2\gr\bin\libgr.dll (Fiddle::DLError)

• Windows 10
• Ruby 2.6.5 + 开发工具包

ruby-ffi 运行良好。

Traceback (most recent call last):
        7: from hoge.rb:3:in `<main>'
        6: from hoge.rb:5:in `<module:M>'
        5: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:77:in `dlload'
        4: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:77:in `collect'
        3: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:87:in `block in dlload'
        2: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle.rb:47:in `dlopen'
        1: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle.rb:47:in `new'
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle.rb:47:in `initialize': No such file or directory (Fiddle::DLError)
        5: from hoge.rb:3:in `<main>'
        4: from hoge.rb:5:in `<module:M>'
        3: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:77:in `dlload'
        2: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:77:in `collect'
        1: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:86:in `block in dlload'
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/fiddle/import.rb:89:in `rescue in block in dlload': can't load C:\Users\kojix2\gr\bin\libgr.dll (Fiddle::DLError)

但这次我想使用 fiddle 而不是 ruby​​-ffi 。接下来我应该做什么？

Answer 1

我回答我自己的问题。

1. 使用RubyInstaller::Runtime.add_dll_directory

DLL 加载 https://github.com/oneclick/rubyinstaller2/wiki/For-gem-developers#-dll-loading

• PATH所有 DLL 搜索都会忽略环境变量。
• 环境变量RUBY_DLL_PATH在 ruby​​ 启动时解释 - 以后的更改不会影响正在运行的进程。
• 使用 Ruby 函数add_dll_directory对 DLL 搜索路径进行运行时更改。

2. 使用SetDllDirectory()

或者，您可以运行 SetDllDirectory。

require 'fiddle/import'
require 'fiddle/types'
module WinAPI
  extend Fiddle::Importer
  dlload 'kernel32.dll'
  include Fiddle::Win32Types
  extern 'int SetDllDirectory(LPCSTR)'
end
WinAPI.SetDllDirectory(File.expand_path(path))