R Plotly：如何在 R Plot.ly 中设置瀑布图的各个条形的颜色？

Question

我正在尝试使用 R Plotly 更改瀑布图各个条形的颜色。更具体地说，第一个和最后一个栏，我希望它分别是蓝色和黄色。因此，在下图中，第 1 组必须为蓝色，第 2 组必须为黄色。

R Plotly Waterfall 图表似乎只能选择为增加、减少和总计条形图设置三种颜色。

这是用于生成上图的代码：

library(plotly)

df <- data.frame(Rank = 1:7, Variable = c("Group 1","A","B","C","D","E","Group 2"),
Value = c(10,2,2,2,1,1,20),
measure = c("relative","relative","relative","relative","relative","relative","total"),
colour = c("yellow","green","green","green","green","green","blue"))


df$Variable <- factor(df$Variable, levels = unique(df$Variable))
df$text <- as.character(round(df$Value,2))
df$Factor <- as.numeric(df$Variable)



plot_ly(df, name = "20", type = "waterfall", measure = ~measure,
             x = ~Variable, textposition = "outside", y= ~Value, text =~paste0('$',text),
             hoverinfo='none',cliponaxis = FALSE,
             connector = list(line = list(color= "rgb(63, 63, 63)"))
        ) %>%
  layout(title = "",
         xaxis = list(title = ""),
         yaxis = list(title = "",tickprefix ='$'),
         autosize = TRUE,
         showlegend = FALSE
         )

任何帮助将非常感激。

Answer 1

R Plotly Waterfall 图表似乎只能选择为增加、减少和总计条形图设置三种颜色。

不幸的是，你似乎是完全正确的。但好消息是，plotly 可以让您几乎按照自己的意愿向图表添加形状。您已经可以通过颜色将您喜欢的颜色之一设置为 Group2 totals。因此，您只需要添加一种形状即可获得：

我不知道这对于您的现实世界数据是否可行，但在这种情况下效果很好。操作方法如下：

library(plotly)

df <- data.frame(Rank = 1:7, Variable = c("Group 1","A","B","C","D","E","Group 2"),
Value = c(10,2,2,2,1,1,20),
measure = c("relative","relative","relative","relative","relative","relative","total"),
colour = c("yellow","green","green","green","green","green","yellow"))


df$Variable <- factor(df$Variable, levels = unique(df$Variable))
df$text <- as.character(round(df$Value,2))
df$Factor <- as.numeric(df$Variable)



p<-plot_ly(df, name = "20", type = "waterfall", measure = ~measure,
             x = ~Variable, textposition = "outside", y= ~Value, text =~paste0('$',text),
             hoverinfo='none',cliponaxis = FALSE,
             connector = list(line = list(color= "rgb(63, 63, 63)")),
             totals = list(marker = list(color = "yellow", line = list(color = 'yellow', width = 3)))
        ) %>%
  layout(title = "",
         xaxis = list(title = ""),
         yaxis = list(title = "",tickprefix ='$'),
         autosize = TRUE,
         showlegend = FALSE,


         shapes = list(
               list(type = "rect",
                    fillcolor = "blue", line = list(color = "blue"), opacity = 1,
                    x0 = -0.4, x1 = 0.4, xref = "x",
                    y0 = 0.0, y1 = 10, yref = "y"))

         )
p

您想要更多形状吗？shapes只需在列表中添加另一个，layout如下所示：

library(plotly)

df <- data.frame(Rank = 1:7, Variable = c("Group 1","A","B","C","D","E","Group 2"),
Value = c(10,2,2,2,1,1,20),
measure = c("relative","relative","relative","relative","relative","relative","total"),
colour = c("yellow","green","green","green","green","green","yellow"))


df$Variable <- factor(df$Variable, levels = unique(df$Variable))
df$text <- as.character(round(df$Value,2))
df$Factor <- as.numeric(df$Variable)



p<-plot_ly(df, name = "20", type = "waterfall", measure = ~measure,
             x = ~Variable, textposition = "outside", y= ~Value, text =~paste0('$',text),
             hoverinfo='none',cliponaxis = FALSE,
             connector = list(line = list(color= "rgb(63, 63, 63)")),
             totals = list(marker = list(color = "yellow", line = list(color = 'yellow', width = 3)))
        ) %>%
  layout(title = "",
         xaxis = list(title = ""),
         yaxis = list(title = "",tickprefix ='$'),
         autosize = TRUE,
         showlegend = FALSE,


         shapes = list(
               list(type = "rect",
                    fillcolor = "blue", line = list(color = "blue"), opacity = 1,
                    x0 = -0.4, x1 = 0.4, xref = "x",
                    y0 = 0.0, y1 = 10, yref = "y"),

               list(type = "rect",
                 fillcolor = "blue", line = list(color = "blue"), opacity = 0.2,
                 x0 = 3, x1 = 4, xref = "x",
                 y0 = 4, y1 = 12.5, yref = "y"))




         )
p

输出：