在 Mac OS Catalina 上安装 Wine。错误：没有名称为“wine”的可用公式

Question

我正在尝试通过 Brew 在我的 Mac 上安装 Wine。我正在使用 Catalina，刚刚更新了 brew，安装了 XQuartz 并安装了 Xcode。当我输入命令“Brew install wine”时，它返回以下内容：

Error: No available formula with the name "wine" 
==> Searching for a previously deleted formula (in the last month)...
Warning: homebrew/core is shallow clone. To get complete history run:
  git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" fetch --unshallow

wine was deleted from homebrew/core in commit 82bd38bc:
  wine: delete

To show the formula before removal run:
  git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" show 82bd38bc^:Formula/wine.rb

If you still use this formula consider creating your own tap:
  https://docs.brew.sh/How-to-Create-and-Maintain-a-Tap

我正在关注本教程：https : //www.davidbaumgold.com/tutorials/wine-mac/

当我运行 Brew doctor 时，我得到以下信息：

Please note that these warnings are just used to help the Homebrew maintainers
with debugging if you file an issue. If everything you use Homebrew for is
working fine: please don't worry or file an issue; just ignore this. Thanks!

Warning: "config" scripts exist outside your system or Homebrew directories.
`./configure` scripts often look for *-config scripts to determine if
software packages are installed, and which additional flags to use when
compiling and linking.

Having additional scripts in your path can confuse software installed via
Homebrew if the config script overrides a system or Homebrew-provided
script of the same name. We found the following "config" scripts:
  /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin/python3.7-config
  /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin/python3.7m-config
  /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin/python3-config

Warning: Unbrewed dylibs were found in /usr/local/lib.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected dylibs:
  /usr/local/lib/libtcl8.6.dylib
  /usr/local/lib/libtk8.6.dylib

Warning: Unbrewed header files were found in /usr/local/include.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected header files:
  /usr/local/include/fakemysql.h
  /usr/local/include/fakepq.h
  /usr/local/include/fakesql.h
  /usr/local/include/itcl.h
  /usr/local/include/itcl2TclOO.h
  /usr/local/include/itclDecls.h
  /usr/local/include/itclInt.h
  /usr/local/include/itclIntDecls.h
  /usr/local/include/itclMigrate2TclCore.h
  /usr/local/include/itclTclIntStubsFcn.h
  /usr/local/include/mysqlStubs.h
  /usr/local/include/odbcStubs.h
  /usr/local/include/pqStubs.h
  /usr/local/include/tcl.h
  /usr/local/include/tclDecls.h
  /usr/local/include/tclOO.h
  /usr/local/include/tclOODecls.h
  /usr/local/include/tclPlatDecls.h
  /usr/local/include/tclThread.h
  /usr/local/include/tclTomMath.h
  /usr/local/include/tclTomMathDecls.h
  /usr/local/include/tdbc.h
  /usr/local/include/tdbcDecls.h
  /usr/local/include/tdbcInt.h
  /usr/local/include/tk.h
  /usr/local/include/tkDecls.h
  /usr/local/include/tkPlatDecls.h

Warning: Unbrewed .pc files were found in /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected .pc files:
  /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/tcl.pc
  /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/tk.pc

Warning: Unbrewed static libraries were found in /usr/local/lib.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected static libraries:
  /usr/local/lib/libtclstub8.6.a
  /usr/local/lib/libtkstub8.6.a

我不确定这些警告与它有关。

提前致谢！

Answer 1

我能够在 macOS Catalina 上从源代码构建 Wine 64 位，并在其上成功运行 Notepad++ 64 位。

我的步骤或多或少是这样的：

1. 从https://dl.winehq.org/wine/source/4.x/wine-4.20.tar.xz下载 Wine 4.20
2. 提取它
3. 在终端中转到提取的目录
4. 运行：./configure --enable-win64
5. 它表明它找不到某个库（我不记得到底是什么）所以我用 macports 安装了它（sudo port install name_of_missing_package 由 ./configure 报告）
6. 在我能够成功运行 ./configure --enable-win64 并且在终端运行中没有错误之后：make
7. 它在30多分钟后编译。
8. 我运行它： ./wine start
9. 它打开了 Windows 控制台，在这里我可以 cd 到 Notepad++ 64 位目录（从https://notepad-plus-plus.org/repository/7.x/7.0/npp.7.bin.x64.zip下载，请注意最新版本不起作用并抛出了一些关于某些 dll 的错误）
10. 我输入 notepad++ 来运行 exe 文件
11. 它显示了一些关于 freetype 字体的错误，所以我用 macports 安装了它们，我不得不在 wine 检测到它们之前将它们从 /opt/X11/lib 复制到 /usr/local/lib
12. 修复 freetype 字体问题后，我能够运行记事本++
13. 如果您会看到一些有关加载来自未知开发者的应用程序的系统警报，您可能还想运行： sudo spctl --master-disable 以禁用网守。
14. 另请注意，您可以为图形文件管理器运行 ./wine explorer 而不是 ./wine start，而不是控制台

这些步骤可能并不完全准确，因为我不确定我是否没有遗漏一些东西，但希望它会对某人有所帮助。

另请注意，macOS Catalina 上的 wine 显然只能运行某些 64 位 Windows 应用程序，而所有 32 位 Windows 应用程序都将无法运行。我还使用 IrfanView 64 位 ( https://www.fosshub.com/IrfanView.html?dwl=iview453_x64_setup.exe )对其进行了测试，它也可以正常工作。

如果您想让 wine 用于运行 32 位游戏，那么不幸的是它不适用于 wine，但您可以尝试使用 virtualbox。您可以查看https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3AO8dF0vviQ以了解一些性能改进技巧。