如何找到抛出“NullReferenceException：'对象引用未设置到对象实例”的方法？

Question

我已经检查过 Stackoverflow 上的所有类似问题。他们都没有回答或真正提出同样的问题。

有没有办法找到尝试引用所述空对象的方法？

我知道它不能说出什么对象，因为它不知道，但是它必须知道什么方法正在尝试空引用，但不会显示它。在调试模式下，代码屏幕显示：

“您的应用程序已进入中断状态，但没有代码可显示，因为所有线程都在执行外部代码（通常是系统或框架代码）。”

我点击“继续执行”来读取输出并从那里找到它，但是输出中没有任何相关内容：

**System.NullReferenceException:** 'Loading...'

Thread finished: <Thread Pool> #4
The thread 0x4 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
Thread finished: <Thread Pool> #5
The thread 0x5 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
Thread finished: <Thread Pool> #2
The thread 0x2 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
Thread finished: <Thread Pool> #3
The thread 0x3 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
Thread finished: <Thread Pool> #6
The thread 0x6 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
Thread started: <Thread Pool> #7
Thread started: <Thread Pool> #8
Thread started: <Thread Pool> #9
11-06 14:17:23.932 D/Mono    ( 5445): DllImport attempting to load: '/system/lib/liblog.so'.
11-06 14:17:23.933 D/Mono    ( 5445): DllImport loaded library '/system/lib/liblog.so'.
11-06 14:17:23.933 D/Mono    ( 5445): DllImport searching in: '/system/lib/liblog.so' ('/system/lib/liblog.so').
11-06 14:17:23.933 D/Mono    ( 5445): Searching for '__android_log_print'.
11-06 14:17:23.933 D/Mono    ( 5445): Probing '__android_log_print'.
11-06 14:17:23.933 D/Mono    ( 5445): Found as '__android_log_print'.
11-06 14:17:23.936 I/MonoDroid( 5445): UNHANDLED EXCEPTION:
11-06 14:17:23.938 I/MonoDroid( 5445): System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.
11-06 14:17:23.938 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Grid.NumberOfUnsetRowHeight (Xamarin.Forms.BindableObject child) [0x00014] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\GridCalc.cs:627 
11-06 14:17:23.938 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Grid.MeasureStarredRows () [0x0007b] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\GridCalc.cs:545 
11-06 14:17:23.938 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Grid.MeasureAndContractStarredRows (System.Double width, System.Double height, System.Double totalStarsHeight) [0x00000] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\GridCalc.cs:405 
11-06 14:17:23.938 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Grid.MeasureGrid (System.Double width, System.Double height, System.Boolean requestSize) [0x00117] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\GridCalc.cs:512 
11-06 14:17:23.938 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Grid.OnSizeRequest (System.Double widthConstraint, System.Double heightConstraint) [0x0002a] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\GridCalc.cs:60 
11-06 14:17:23.938 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.VisualElement.OnMeasure (System.Double widthConstraint, System.Double heightConstraint) [0x00000] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\VisualElement.cs:762 
11-06 14:17:23.938 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.VisualElement.GetSizeRequest (System.Double widthConstraint, System.Double heightConstraint) [0x00053] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\VisualElement.cs:644 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Layout.GetSizeRequest (System.Double widthConstraint, System.Double heightConstraint) [0x00000] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\Layout.cs:132 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.VisualElement.Measure (System.Double widthConstraint, System.Double heightConstraint, Xamarin.Forms.MeasureFlags flags) [0x00054] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\VisualElement.cs:702 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.StackLayout.CalculateNaiveLayout (Xamarin.Forms.StackLayout+LayoutInformation layout, Xamarin.Forms.StackOrientation orientation, System.Double x, System.Double y, System.Double widthConstraint, System.Double heightConstraint) [0x000a8] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\StackLayout.cs:163 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.StackLayout.CalculateLayout (Xamarin.Forms.StackLayout+LayoutInformation layout, System.Double x, System.Double y, System.Double widthConstraint, System.Double heightConstraint, System.Boolean processExpanders) [0x00058] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\StackLayout.cs:123 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.StackLayout.LayoutChildren (System.Double x, System.Double y, System.Double width, System.Double height) [0x0004e] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\StackLayout.cs:58 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Layout.UpdateChildrenLayout () [0x00158] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\Layout.cs:266 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Layout.OnSizeAllocated (System.Double width, System.Double height) [0x0000f] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\Layout.cs:224 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.VisualElement.SizeAllocated (System.Double width, System.Double height) [0x00000] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\VisualElement.cs:784 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Layout.ForceLayout () [0x00000] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Core\Layout.cs:125 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android.ViewCellRenderer+ViewCellContainer.Update (Xamarin.Forms.ViewCell cell) [0x00185] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android\Cells\ViewCellRenderer.cs:178 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android.ViewCellRenderer.GetCellCore (Xamarin.Forms.Cell item, Android.Views.View convertView, Android.Views.ViewGroup parent, Android.Content.Context context) [0x00027] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android\Cells\ViewCellRenderer.cs:21 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android.CellRenderer.GetCell (Xamarin.Forms.Cell item, Android.Views.View convertView, Android.Views.ViewGroup parent, Android.Content.Context context) [0x00075] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android\Cells\CellRenderer.cs:51 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android.CellFactory.GetCell (Xamarin.Forms.Cell item, Android.Views.View convertView, Android.Views.ViewGroup parent, Android.Content.Context context, Xamarin.Forms.View view) [0x0001e] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android\Cells\CellFactory.cs:20 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android.ListViewAdapter.GetView (System.Int32 position, Android.Views.View convertView, Android.Views.ViewGroup parent) [0x00200] in D:\a\1\s\Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android\Renderers\ListViewAdapter.cs:299 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at Android.Widget.BaseAdapter.n_GetView_ILandroid_view_View_Landroid_view_ViewGroup_ (System.IntPtr jnienv, System.IntPtr native__this, System.Int32 position, System.IntPtr native_convertView, System.IntPtr native_parent) [0x0001a] in <11a340ccc8de43f09c97400139266ef5>:0 
11-06 14:17:23.939 I/MonoDroid( 5445):   at (wrapper dynamic-method) Android.Runtime.DynamicMethodNameCounter.68(intptr,intptr,int,intptr,intptr)
11-06 14:17:23.950 W/.TheStylingRoo( 5445): JNI RegisterNativeMethods: attempt to register 0 native methods for android.runtime.JavaProxyThrowable
11-06 14:17:23.954 D/Mono    ( 5445): DllImport searching in: '__Internal' ('(null)').
11-06 14:17:23.955 D/Mono    ( 5445): Searching for 'java_interop_jnienv_throw'.
11-06 14:17:23.955 D/Mono    ( 5445): Probing 'java_interop_jnienv_throw'.
11-06 14:17:23.955 D/Mono    ( 5445): Found as 'java_interop_jnienv_throw'.
**System.NullReferenceException:** 'Object reference not set to an instance of an object.'

这个把我难住了。当尝试加载显示客户列表的页面和加载预订的另一个页面时，会触发异常。请注意，启动页面具有相同的逻辑来加载当前预订列表，并且工作正常。

我搜索了每个相关问题并尝试了以下解决方案：

• 单步执行代码。它在两个页面构造函数之一的末尾触发，不包括启动页面构造函数。这些构造函数中的所有方法都执行良好。
• 寻找空值。没有对象或属性为空。
• 评论，尝试捕捉和 if! 的。这三个都不能阻止异常。
• 重新创建 xaml 事件。我确信是这个，但不是。
• 查看异常详细信息。异常弹出窗口根本没有任何详细信息。
• 更改异步方法。显示预订的启动视图实际上是一个副本，包括异步方法。效果很好。
• 删除绑定。
• Android 模拟器的清理、重建、恢复出厂设置。以各种顺序
• 重新启动 Visual Studio
• 删除bin文件夹并重新加载

相关代码：

MainPage.xaml.cs（只是加载 ClientsPage 的事件）

private async void Button_Clicked(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                await Navigation.PushAsync(new Clients_Page());
            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex);
            }
        }

Clients_Page.xaml.cs（只是构造函数）

public partial class Clients_Page : ContentPage
    {
        public Clients_Page()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            Clients_ViewModel viewModel = new Clients_ViewModel();
            viewModel.LoadClients(); 
            BindingContext = viewModel;
// Commenting all but InitializeComponent (Including Bindings in xaml) has no effect, so the ViewModel is not to blame
        } // EXCEPTION FIRES AFTER THIS LINE

Clients_ViewModel.cs

class Clients_ViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        //PROPERTIES_________________________________________________________
        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
        private IRepository database { get; }
        private ObservableCollection<Client> clients;
        public ObservableCollection<Client> Clients
        {
            get { return clients; }
            set
            {
                if (value != clients)
                {
                    clients = value;
                    if (PropertyChanged != null)
                    {
                        NotifyPropertyChanged("Clients");
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        public async void LoadClients()
        {
                Clients = new ObservableCollection<Client>(await database.GetAllClients());

        }

        private void NotifyPropertyChanged(String propertyName)
        {
            PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged;
            if (null != handler)
            {
                handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
            }
        }

        public Clients_ViewModel()
        {
            database = App.Database_IRepository;
        }

    }//endclass
}//endnamespace

Repository.cs（只是 GetAllClients 任务）

        public async Task<List<Client>> GetAllClients()
        {
            return await database.Table<Client>().OrderBy(c => c.FirstName).ToListAsync();
        }

Xaml 只是一个使用 ItemsSource="{Binding Clients}" 的 ListView 和一个使用 Text="{Binding FirstName}" 的 ViewCell

我精通调试，并且会很乐意使用空对象引用来定位方法。我只需要知道如何让调试器显示所述方法。

更新 1：即使删除了 xaml 中的所有绑定并且删除了对视图模型的调用，也会引发异常。另外，除了 ContentPage 和主网格之外，我还尝试注释整个 Clients_Page.xaml ，但错误仍然存​​在。所以它不能是 ViewModel 或 xaml

更新 2：即使更改单击事件以导航到全新页面，也会发生错误

Answer 1

解决了

我必须删除 NavigationPage.SetHasNavigationBar(this, false); 来自 Main_Page.xaml.cs 构造函数（完整块如下所示）

public Main_Page()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            //NavigationPage.SetHasNavigationBar(this, false);
            Main_ViewModel viewModel = new Main_ViewModel();
            viewModel.LoadCurrentBookings();
            BindingContext = viewModel;
        }

我添加该行是为了在我的应用程序运行时删除丑陋的 Android 导航栏，但是 Android 页面导航似乎以某种方式链接到该导航栏，因此我的启动视图无法导航到设置为 false 的任何其他视图