我正在尝试编写一个程序,我应该使用poll函数观察一些命名管道的末尾.每当poll返回> 0时,我都有一个for循环检查每个管道,我知道当管道从另一端的程序关闭时,我将获得POLLHUP或POLLIN | pollfd结构的revents字段中的POLLHUP.
我的问题是:当一个管道确实关闭并将POLLHUP返回给我时,下一个循环会发生什么?它会在下一个循环和后续循环中一次又一次地返回POLLHUP,还是在第一个POLLHUP之后将轮询函数忽略它?
最小的例子
来源如下。用法:
sudo mknod poll0.tmp p
sudo mknod poll1.tmp p
sudo chmod 666 poll*.tmp
./poll.out
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在另一个外壳上:
printf a > poll0.tmp
printf b > poll1.tmp
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输出:
loop
POLLIN i=0 n=1 buf=a
loop
POLLHUP i=0
loop
POLLIN i=1 n=1 buf=b
POLLHUP i=1
loop
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因此请注意如何poll在不循环的情况下等待读取。
冷却器示例:
(while true; do date; sleep 1; done) > poll0.tmp &
(while true; do date; sleep 2; done) > poll1.tmp &
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01每隔一秒和每两秒写入一次,这显示了如何poll()同时处理两个输入,而不会互相拖延。
来源:
民意调查.c
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 700
#include <fcntl.h> /* creat, O_CREAT */
#include <poll.h> /* poll */
#include <stdio.h> /* printf, puts, snprintf */
#include <stdlib.h> /* EXIT_FAILURE, EXIT_SUCCESS */
#include <unistd.h> /* read */
int main(void) {
enum { N = 2 };
char buf[1024], path[1024];
int fd, i, n;
short revents;
struct pollfd pfds[N];
for (i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "poll%d.tmp", i);
/* O_NONBLOCK is required or else the open blocks
* until the other side of the pipe opens. */
fd = open(path, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
if (fd == -1) {
perror("open");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
pfds[i].fd = fd;
/* Only events in this mask will be listened to.
* However, there are also some events that are unmaskable,
* notably POLLHUP when pipe closes! */
pfds[i].events = POLLIN;
}
while (1) {
puts("loop");
i = poll(pfds, N, -1);
if (i == -1) {
perror("poll");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
for (i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
revents = pfds[i].revents;
if (revents & POLLIN) {
n = read(pfds[i].fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
printf("POLLIN i=%d n=%d buf=%.*s\n", i, n, n, buf);
}
if (revents & POLLHUP) {
printf("POLLHUP i=%d\n", i);
/* This happens when the other side closed.
* This event is only cleared when we close the reader. */
/* poll won't set POLLHUP anymore once all fds are closed.
* Any futher polls on this will give the POLLNVAL event instead. */
close(pfds[i].fd);
/* negative fds are ignored. So if we negate an FD,
* we can both turn if off for a while, and turn it on
* later on by re-nagating it. */
pfds[i].fd *= -1;
}
}
}
}
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编译:
gcc -o poll.out -std=c99 poll.c
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在 Ubuntu 14.04 中测试。
回答原来的问题:
当一个管道确实关闭并向我返回 POLLHUP 时,下一个循环会发生什么?它是否会在下一个循环和任何后续循环中一次又一次地返回 POLLHUP,或者 poll 函数是否会在第一个 POLLHUP 之后忽略它?
删除行:
close(pfds[i].fd);
pfds[i].fd *= -1;
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你会看到它永远循环下去POLLHUP。
仅删除:
close(pfds[i].fd);
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POLLNVAL相反,当它尝试使用关闭的 fd 时,您会得到: How to handle the Linux socket revents POLLERR, POLLHUP and POLLNVAL?