Postgres 从 10.4 升级到 11.5 数据库“postgres”的编码不匹配：旧的“SQL_ASCII”，新的“UTF8”

Question

目前正在检查将 Postgres 从 10.4 升级到 11.5 的过程。

当我pg_upgrade使用“检查”选项运行时，我收到以下消息。如果您对此以及如何解决该问题有任何意见，我将不胜感激。

bash-4.2$ /usr/pgsql-11/bin/pg_upgrade \
> -b /usr/pgsql-10/bin \
> -B /usr/pgsql-11/bin \
> -d /var/lib/pgsql/10/data \
> -D /var/lib/pgsql/11/data \
> -c pgsql-10/ pgsql-11/

Performing Consistency Checks on Old Live Server
------------------------------------------------
Checking cluster versions                                   
ok
Checking database user is the install user                  
ok
Checking database connection settings                       
ok
Checking for prepared transactions                          
ok
Checking for reg* data types in user tables                 
ok
Checking for contrib/isn with bigint-passing mismatch       
ok

encodings for database "postgres" do not match:  old "SQL_ASCII", new "UTF8"
Failure, exiting

Answer 1

@jjanes，Laurenz Albe 感谢您的评论，我第一次不明白，根据文档我试图执行以下命令：#/usr/pgsql-11/bin/postgresql-11-setup initdb --locale=C -D /var/lib/pgsql/11/data
但它正在下降，然后我按照您的建议执行了命令并且验证已成功:/usr/pgsql-11/bin/initdb --locale=C -D /var/lib/pgsql/11/data

-bash-4.2$ /usr/pgsql-11/bin/pg_upgrade \
> -b /usr/pgsql-10/bin \
> -B /usr/pgsql-11/bin \
> -d /var/lib/pgsql/10/data \
> -D /var/lib/pgsql/11/data \
> -c pgsql-10/ pgsql-11/
Performing Consistency Checks on Old Live Server
------------------------------------------------
Checking cluster versions                                   ok
Checking database user is the install user                  ok
Checking database connection settings                       ok
Checking for prepared transactions                          ok
Checking for reg* data types in user tables                 ok
Checking for contrib/isn with bigint-passing mismatch       ok
Checking for presence of required libraries                 ok
Checking database user is the install user                  ok
Checking for prepared transactions                          ok

*Clusters are compatible*

现在，我有第二个问题是否可以更改源 postgres 数据库的编码？如果我决定只避免这种情况并继续默认使用 SQL_ASCII，它会以何种方式影响？