BeanCreationException：创建名为“flywayInitializer”的 bean 时出错

Question

我正在尝试在 Docker 容器中运行我的项目测试。所有测试在本地运行时都运行良好。当我尝试将测试移动到 docker 容器时，错误开始发生。这是错误消息：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
[...]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'flywayInitializer' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/flyway/FlywayAutoConfiguration$FlywayConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.flywaydb.core.internal.command.DbMigrate$FlywayMigrateException: 
Migration V1__initial_user.sql failed
-------------------------------------
SQL State  : 42601
Error Code : 0
Message    : ERROR: syntax error at or near "GENERATED"
  Position: 45
Location   : db/migration/V1__initial_user.sql (/Users/villemossip/Desktop/GRP/GRP-SAS/application/build/resources/main/db/migration/V1__initial_user.sql)
Line       : 36
Statement  : CREATE TABLE revinfo
(
    rev      INTEGER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY ( START WITH 1 ),
    revtstmp BIGINT,
    PRIMARY KEY (rev)
)

从日志中我们可以看到容器镜像已创建，但无法迁移sql schema：

[...]
2019-10-10 10:36:18.768  INFO 49547 --- [           main] o.f.c.internal.license.VersionPrinter    : Flyway Community Edition 5.2.4 by Boxfuse
2019-10-10 10:36:18.777  INFO 49547 --- [           main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2019-10-10 10:36:18.795  INFO 49547 --- [           main]  [postgres:9.6.12]                     : Creating container for image: postgres:9.6.12
2019-10-10 10:36:19.001  INFO 49547 --- [           main]  [postgres:9.6.12]                     : Starting container with ID: a32dd0850baf34770cce9bdc81918cd4db40502188b85dfaa90f74e2900f9fa7
2019-10-10 10:36:19.547  INFO 49547 --- [           main]  [postgres:9.6.12]                     : Container postgres:9.6.12 is starting: a32dd0850baf34770cce9bdc81918cd4db40502188b85dfaa90f74e2900f9fa7
2019-10-10 10:36:23.342  INFO 49547 --- [           main]  [postgres:9.6.12]                     : Container postgres:9.6.12 started
2019-10-10 10:36:23.426  INFO 49547 --- [           main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
2019-10-10 10:36:23.431  INFO 49547 --- [           main] o.f.c.internal.database.DatabaseFactory  : Database: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:32834/test (PostgreSQL 9.6)
2019-10-10 10:36:23.488  INFO 49547 --- [           main] o.f.core.internal.command.DbValidate     : Successfully validated 6 migrations (execution time 00:00.024s)
2019-10-10 10:36:23.501  INFO 49547 --- [           main] o.f.c.i.s.JdbcTableSchemaHistory         : Creating Schema History table: "public"."flyway_schema_history"
2019-10-10 10:36:23.519  INFO 49547 --- [           main] o.f.core.internal.command.DbMigrate      : Current version of schema "public": << Empty Schema >>
2019-10-10 10:36:23.520  INFO 49547 --- [           main] o.f.core.internal.command.DbMigrate      : Migrating schema "public" to version 1 - initial user
2019-10-10 10:36:23.542 ERROR 49547 --- [           main] o.f.core.internal.command.DbMigrate      : Migration of schema "public" to version 1 - initial user failed! Changes successfully rolled back.
2019-10-10 10:36:23.546  WARN 49547 --- [           main] o.s.w.c.s.GenericWebApplicationContext   : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'flywayInitializer' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/flyway/FlywayAutoConfiguration$FlywayConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.flywaydb.core.internal.command.DbMigrate$FlywayMigrateException: 
Migration V1__initial_user.sql failed
-------------------------------------
[...]

这是sql脚本的一部分（app/src/main/resources/db/migration）：

[...]
constraint user_aud_pkey primary key (id, rev)
);

CREATE TABLE revinfo
(
    rev      INTEGER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY ( START WITH 1 ),
    revtstmp BIGINT,
    PRIMARY KEY (rev)
);

CREATE SEQUENCE hibernate_sequence INCREMENT 1 MINVALUE 1
    MAXVALUE 9223372036854775807
    START 1
    CACHE 1;

这是“application.properties”（app/test/java/resources）：

spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.testcontainers.jdbc.ContainerDatabaseDriver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:tc:postgresql://localhost:5433/test
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.jdbc.lob.non_contextual_creation=true
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=validate
spring.jackson.default-property-inclusion=NON_NULL

spring.flyway.baselineOnMigrate=true
spring.flyway.check-location=true
spring.flyway.locations=classpath:db/migration
spring.flyway.schemas=public
spring.flyway.enabled=true

另外，在同一目录中，我有 container-license-acceptance.txt 文件。

在“build.gradle”内部，我添加了以下几行（app/build.gradle）：

dependencies {
    [...]
    testImplementation "org.testcontainers:junit-jupiter:1.11.3"
    testImplementation "org.testcontainers:postgresql:1.11.3"

}

在 BaseInitTest 文件中，我有以下几行（app/test/java/com）：

@Testcontainers
@SpringBootTest
public class BaseIntTest {

    @Container
    private static final PostgreSQLContainer<?> container = new PostgreSQLContainer<>();

    [...]

我不明白，为什么相同的测试一开始会通过，但当我将它们移动到 docker 容器时却失败？

Answer 1

谢谢你@M。Deinum和马克·布拉姆尼克！

我发现问题出在 Postgres 版本上。由于某种原因，默认情况下，docker 镜像是使用旧版本 9.6.12 创建的，但 SQL 脚本GENERATED BY DEFAULT已添加到版本 10 的 Postgres 中。

解决方案1（将sql脚本更新到旧版本）：

CREATE TABLE revinfo
(
    rev      INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
    revtstmp BIGINT
);

解决方案2： 通过在项目中创建CustomPostgreSQLContainer文件将docker镜像版本更改为11.2。

import org.testcontainers.containers.PostgreSQLContainer;

public class CustomPostgreSQLContainer extends PostgreSQLContainer<CustomPostgreSQLContainer> {
    private static final String IMAGE_VERSION = "postgres:11.2";
    private static CustomPostgreSQLContainer container;
    CustomPostgreSQLContainer() {
        super(IMAGE_VERSION);
    }
    public static CustomPostgreSQLContainer getInstance() {
        if (container == null) {
            container = new CustomPostgreSQLContainer();
        }
        return container;
    }
    @Override
    public void start() {
        super.start();
        System.setProperty("spring.datasource.url", container.getJdbcUrl());
        System.setProperty("spring.datasource.username", container.getUsername());
        System.setProperty("spring.datasource.password", container.getPassword());
    }
    @Override
    public void stop() {
        //do nothing, JVM handles shut down
    }
}

并更新 BaseIntTest 文件：

@Testcontainers
@SpringBootTest
public class BaseIntTest {

    @Container
    private static final PostgreSQLContainer<?> container = CustomPostgreSQLContainer.getInstance();

最后从测试 application.properties 文件中删除两行：

spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.testcontainers.jdbc.ContainerDatabaseDriver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:tc:postgresql://localhost:5433/test