使用“ /usr/lib/libcrypto.dylib”在MacOS 10.15 Beta（19A582a）上使Python崩溃

Question

我使用新的macOS Catalina运行了Django项目，并且运行良好。
我安装了oh_my_zsh，然后尝试运行它因以下错误而崩溃的同一项目。我卸载了oh_my_zsh并再次尝试，但没有成功。

Path:                  /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.4_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python
Identifier:            Python
Version:               3.7.4 (3.7.4)
Code Type:             X86-64 (Native)
Parent Process:        Python [7526]
Responsible:           Terminal [7510]
User ID:               501

Date/Time:             2019-10-07 20:59:20.675 +0530
OS Version:            Mac OS X 10.15 (19A582a)
Report Version:        12
Anonymous UUID:        CB7F20F6-96C0-4F63-9EC5-AFF3E0989687


Time Awake Since Boot: 3000 seconds

System Integrity Protection: enabled

Crashed Thread:        0  Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread

Exception Type:        EXC_CRASH (SIGABRT)
Exception Codes:       0x0000000000000000, 0x0000000000000000
Exception Note:        EXC_CORPSE_NOTIFY

Application Specific Information:
/usr/lib/libcrypto.dylib
abort() called
Invalid dylib load. Clients should not load the unversioned libcrypto dylib as it does not have a stable ABI.

Answer 1

对我来说，重新安装 Python 的密码学包就足够了。

pip uninstall cryptography
pip install cryptography

Answer 2

我只是遇到了同样的问题，手动链接周围的东西有点不舒服。

我能够通过简单地解决问题

1. 通过自制软件安装openssl：

   brew install openssl
   

2. 通过DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH从openssl指向动态库：

   export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib:$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
   

我刚刚将该行添加到我的.zshrc中。

编辑：根据这个问题，的使用DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH可能比更好DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH。

Answer 3

警告：我不是安全专家，该解决方案与加密库混淆！

我认为您的问题不是源于zsh或oh-my-zsh。我的最佳猜测：MacOS 10.15上安装的某些加密库与Homebrew的python3安装不兼容。

这是为我解决问题的原因

# Install openssl via homebrew.
# Note: According to homebrew, "openssl is keg-only, which means it was
# not symlinked into /usr/local, because Apple has deprecated use of
# OpenSSL in favor of its own TLS and crypto libraries."
brew install openssl
# Symlink those versions into /usr/local/lib, which gets Python to dynamically
# link against those instead of the version in /usr/lib/.
# Got the idea from https://forums.developer.apple.com/thread/119429
cd /usr/local/lib
sudo ln -s /usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2t/lib/libssl.1.0.0.dylib libssl.dylib
sudo ln -s /usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2t/lib/libcrypto.1.0.0.dylib libcrypto.dylib

我的情况：

• 最近升级到MacOS 10.15
• 我使用通过自制软件安装的python / pip： brew install python
• pip3 失败了 SIGABRT

系统错误报告的标题：

Process:               Python [52429]
Path:                  /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.4_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python
Identifier:            Python
Version:               3.7.4 (3.7.4)
Code Type:             X86-64 (Native)
Parent Process:        zsh [43309]
Responsible:           iTerm2 [2316]
User ID:               501

Date/Time:             2019-10-09 09:52:18.148 -0700
OS Version:            Mac OS X 10.15 (19A583)
Report Version:        12
Bridge OS Version:     4.0 (17P572)
Anonymous UUID:        

Sleep/Wake UUID:       

Time Awake Since Boot: 9900 seconds
Time Since Wake:       7300 seconds

System Integrity Protection: enabled

Crashed Thread:        0  Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread

Exception Type:        EXC_CRASH (SIGABRT)
Exception Codes:       0x0000000000000000, 0x0000000000000000
Exception Note:        EXC_CORPSE_NOTIFY

Application Specific Information:
/usr/lib/libcrypto.dylib
abort() called
Invalid dylib load. Clients should not load the unversioned libcrypto dylib as it does not have a stable ABI.

Answer 4

Apple Dev线程中的r.xuanInvalid dylib load. Clients should not load the unversioned libcrypto dylib as it does not have a stable ABI. 通过将libssl.dylib和libcrypto.dylib链接替换为/usr/local/libHomebrew安装的lib的链接，从而确定了该错误的解决方法的步骤 openssl。

这些步骤是：

获取新的库

1） brew update && brew upgrade && brew install openssl

2） cd /usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2t/lib

3） sudo cp libssl.1.0.0.dylib libcrypto.1.0.0.dylib /usr/local/lib/

备份旧的

4） cd /usr/local/lib

5） mv libssl.dylib libssl_bak.dylib

6） mv libcrypto.dylib libcrypto_bak.dylib

建立新连结

7） sudo ln -s libssl.1.0.0.dylib libssl.dylib

8） sudo ln -s libcrypto.1.0.0.dylib libcrypto.dylib

Answer 5

我更喜欢@ bixel，@ Juro Oravec和@honkaboy的组合答案：

brew install openssl
cd /usr/local/lib
sudo ln -s /usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/libssl.dylib libssl.dylib
sudo ln -s /usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/libcrypto.dylib libcrypto.dylib

这样，至少在理论上，当更新openssl时，dylib将始终指向最新版本。/usr/local/opt/openssl实际上是一个链接/usr/local/Cellar/openssl/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2t（brew安装的openssl版本）。

这个问题发生的原因实际上是由brew解释的：

openssl是仅桶式的，这意味着它没有符号链接到/ usr / local，因为Apple已弃用OpenSSL而不是使用其自己的TLS和加密库。

尝试运行brew link openssl：

警告：拒绝链接macOS提供的软件：openssl如果需要首先在运行PATH中运行openssl：echo'export PATH =“ / usr / local / opt / openssl / bin：$ PATH”'>>〜/ .bash_profile

为了使编译器能够找到openssl，您可能需要设置：export LDFLAGS =“-L / usr / local / opt / openssl / lib” export CPPFLAGS =“-I / usr / local / opt / openssl / include”

为了使pkg-config查找openssl，您可能需要设置：export PKG_CONFIG_PATH =“ / usr / local / opt / openssl / lib / pkgconfig”

因此，基本上，您需要手动链接它们。

Answer 6

我看到了类似的问题ansible。罪魁祸首是asn1crypto，问题已经解决。

我的解决方案是手动删除它并使用以下命令重新安装它pip：

1. rm -r /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/asn1crypto*. 这允许pip工作没有问题。
2. pip install asn1crypto，其中安装1.2.0：

  Found existing installation: asn1crypto 0.24.0
    Uninstalling asn1crypto-0.24.0:
      Successfully uninstalled asn1crypto-0.24.0
Successfully installed asn1crypto-1.2.0

注意：您可以asn1crypto通过python在详细模式下运行来检查是否是罪魁祸首，例如python -v $(which ansible). 在我的情况下，它在执行一些asn1crypto相关导入时崩溃了：

# /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/asn1crypto/_perf/_big_num_ctypes.pyc matches /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/asn1crypto/_perf/_big_num_ctypes.py
import asn1crypto._perf._big_num_ctypes # precompiled from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/asn1crypto/_perf/_big_num_ctypes.pyc
[1]    59247 abort      python -v $(which ansible)

相关：https : //github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/issues/44996