如何解决“警告：useLayoutEffect在服务器上不执行任何操作”？

Question

这是完整的错误：

警告：useLayoutEffect在服务器上不执行任何操作，因为其效果无法编码为服务器渲染器的输出格式。这将导致初始的非水化用户界面与预期的用户界面不匹配。为避免这种情况，useLayoutEffect仅应在专门在客户端上呈现的组件中使用

      in ForwardRef(ButtonBase)
      in WithStyles(ForwardRef(ButtonBase))
      in ForwardRef(Button)
      in WithStyles(ForwardRef(Button))
      in form
      in div

每次运行测试时都会得到。这是我的测试

/* eslint-disable quotes */
import React from "react"
import { shallow, configure } from "enzyme"
import LoginForm from "../src/components/LoginForm"
import Button from "@material-ui/core/Button"
import Adapter from "enzyme-adapter-react-16"
import { render, fireEvent, cleanup } from "@testing-library/react"

configure({ adapter: new Adapter() })

describe("<LoginForm />", () => {
  let wrapper
  let usernameInput
  let passwordInput
  let signInButton

  // Create initial props that get passed into the component
  const initialProps = {
    location: {
      state: {
        from: {
          pathname: "/",
        },
      },
    },
  }

  // Unit testing
  describe("Unit tests", () => {
    // what to do before each test
    beforeEach(() => {
      // Render the login form component, pass in props. (Shallow method renders the component without its children, good for unit tests.)
      wrapper = shallow(<LoginForm {...initialProps} />)
      usernameInput = wrapper.find("#username")
      passwordInput = wrapper.find("#password")
      signInButton = wrapper.find(Button)
    })

    // what to do after each test
    afterEach(() => {
      jest.clearAllMocks()
    })

    // UI Integrity test
    it("should match the snapshot", () => {
      // snapshots are text references of the html of the rendered component.
      expect(wrapper.html()).toMatchSnapshot()
    })

    it("should have a username inputs", () => {
      expect(usernameInput.length).toEqual(1)
    })

    it("should have the expected props on the username field", () => {
      expect(usernameInput.props()).toEqual({
        id: "username",
        name: "username",
        value: "",
        type: "username",
        onChange: expect.any(Function),
        required: true,
      })
    })

    it("should have a password field", () => {
      expect(passwordInput.length).toEqual(1)
    })

    it("should have the expected props on the password field", () => {
      expect(passwordInput.props()).toEqual({
        id: "password",
        name: "password",
        value: "",
        type: "password",
        onChange: expect.any(Function),
        required: true,
      })
    })

    it("should have a submit button", () => {
      expect(signInButton.length).toEqual(1)
    })

    it("should have the expected props on the button", () => {
      expect(signInButton.props()).toEqual({
        type: "button",
        variant: "contained",
        style: expect.objectContaining({
          marginTop: "10px",
        }),
        onClick: expect.any(Function),
        children: "Sign In",
      })
    })
  })

  // Integrations Testing
  describe("Integrations tests", () => {
    beforeEach(() => {
      // Render the login form component, pass in props. (render method renders the component with its children, good for integrations tests, uses react-test-library.)
      const { getByLabelText, getByText } = render(
        <LoginForm {...initialProps} />
      )
      usernameInput = getByLabelText(/Username/i)
      passwordInput = getByLabelText(/Password/i)
      signInButton = getByText("Sign In")
    })

    afterEach(cleanup)

    it("Username text change in onChange event", () => {
      expect(usernameInput.value).toBe("")

      fireEvent.change(usernameInput, { target: { value: "James" } })

      expect(usernameInput.value).toBe("James")
    })

    it("Password text change in onChange event", () => {
      expect(passwordInput.value).toBe("")

      fireEvent.change(passwordInput, { target: { value: "mypassword" } })

      expect(passwordInput.value).toBe("mypassword")
    })

    it("Test button submit", () => {
      const mockLogin = jest.fn()

      const button = shallow(<Button onClick={mockLogin} />)

      button.simulate("click")

      expect(mockLogin.mock.calls.length).toEqual(1)
    })
  })
})

我相信这与material-ui组件有关。我已经研究过了，这里有一个类似的问题，说这个问题与我的项目没有的依赖关系有关。因此，我认为这与使用的material-ui组件useEffectLayout有关，出于某种原因，测试环境不喜欢这样做。我用纱线和玩笑yarn test来运行我的测试以运行测试套件。

Answer 1

一个更简洁的解决方案可能是像这样使用 jest mock：

jest.mock('react', () => ({
  ...jest.requireActual('react'),
  useLayoutEffect: jest.requireActual('react').useEffect,
}));

Answer 2

您应该检查 useLayoutEffect 是否可以这样使用：

import React, {useEffect, useLayoutEffect} from 'react';

const canUseDOM = typeof window !== 'undefined';
const useIsomorphicLayoutEffect = canUseDOM ? useLayoutEffect : useEffect;

然后而不是useLayoutEffect使用useIsomorphicLayoutEffect

Answer 3

您可以通过将以下 if 语句添加到启动文件（例如 index.js）的开头来解决此问题：

if (typeof document === 'undefined') {
  React.useLayoutEffect = React.useEffect;
}

这将确保 SSR 使用React.useEffect而不是React.useLayoutEffect因为document在服务器端未定义。

Answer 4

加

import React from "react" 
React.useLayoutEffect = React.useEffect 

到我的frontend / src / setupTests.js测试文件是一种抑制玩笑警告的方法。最终，这似乎是Material-UI组件存在问题，而Jest存在问题。