安装应用程序需要几分钟时间，并出现 dex2oat 警告

Question

一段时间后，我重新打开了一个 Android Studio 项目，并且像往常一样看到了快速构建，但现在 Android Studio (3.5) 的“安装”步骤需要几分钟，而过去需要几秒钟。

如果我在安装时打开设备 Logcat，我可以看到大量这些：

W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseDialog.onSaveInstanceState(android.os.Bundle)
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseDialog.onViewCreated(android.view.View, android.os.Bundle)
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseDialog.onViewModelCreated()
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseDialog.removeCancelListener(com.package.base.view.BaseDialog$CancelListener)
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseDialog.removeDismissListener(com.package.base.view.BaseDialog$DismissListener)
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseDialog.setChildFragmentInjector(dagger.android.DispatchingAndroidInjector)
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseDialog.setSharedValue(java.lang.String, java.lang.Object)
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseDialog.setViewModelFactory(androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider$Factory)
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: dagger.android.AndroidInjector com.package.base.view.BaseDialog.supportFragmentInjector()
I/dex2oat: Explicit concurrent copying GC freed 647(112KB) AllocSpace objects, 0(0B) LOS objects, 32% free, 12MB/18MB, paused 60us total 250.774ms
I/dex2oat: Explicit concurrent copying GC freed 446(29KB) AllocSpace objects, 0(0B) LOS objects, 32% free, 12MB/18MB, paused 60us total 252.704ms
I/dex2oat: Explicit concurrent copying GC freed 396(13KB) AllocSpace objects, 0(0B) LOS objects, 32% free, 12MB/18MB, paused 67us total 257.367ms
I/dex2oat: Explicit concurrent copying GC freed 413(13KB) AllocSpace objects, 0(0B) LOS objects, 32% free, 12MB/18MB, paused 68us total 258.540ms
I/dex2oat: Explicit concurrent copying GC freed 413(13KB) AllocSpace objects, 0(0B) LOS objects, 32% free, 12MB/18MB, paused 64us total 253.988ms
I/dex2oat: Explicit concurrent copying GC freed 413(13KB) AllocSpace objects, 0(0B) LOS objects, 32% free, 12MB/18MB, paused 61us total 258.701ms
I/dex2oat: Explicit concurrent copying GC freed 413(13KB) AllocSpace objects, 0(0B) LOS objects, 32% free, 12MB/18MB, paused 60us total 255.313ms
I/dex2oat: Explicit concurrent copying GC freed 419(45KB) AllocSpace objects, 0(0B) LOS objects, 32% free, 12MB/18MB, paused 60us total 261.034ms
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseFragment.<init>()
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseFragment.applyStatusBar(com.package.base.view.BaseFragment$StatusBar)
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseFragment.dispatchOnStatusBar()
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseFragment.restoreStatusBar(android.app.Activity)
W/dex2oat: Method processed more than once: void com.package.base.view.BaseFragment.saveStatusBar(android.app.Activity)

所有方法似乎都被处理了两次（至少），并且垃圾收集器似乎做了很多工作。

我不知道发生了什么，但我希望能像以前那样快——现在开发是不可能的。有人可以帮忙吗？

额外信息

在 dex2oat 开始这个很长的过程之前，我可以看到以下日志：

W/dex2oat: Unexpected CPU variant for X86 using defaults: x86
W/dex2oat: Mismatch between dex2oat instruction set features (ISA: X86 Feature string: -ssse3,-sse4.1,-sse4.2,-avx,-avx2,-popcnt) and those of dex2oat executable (ISA: X86 Feature string: ssse3,-sse4.1,-sse4.2,-avx,-avx2,-popcnt) for the command line:
W/dex2oat: /system/bin/dex2oat --zip-fd=8 --zip-location=base.apk --input-vdex-fd=-1 --output-vdex-fd=10 --oat-fd=9 --oat-location=/data/app/com.package-7KbZxh8JQyXUOcSGvv-5hA==/oat/x86/base.odex --instruction-set=x86 --instruction-set-variant=x86 --instruction-set-features=default --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --compiler-filter=quicken --swap-fd=11 --debuggable --classpath-dir=/data/app/com.package-7KbZxh8JQyXUOcSGvv-5hA== --class-loader-context=PCL[]
I/dex2oat: /system/bin/dex2oat --input-vdex-fd=-1 --output-vdex-fd=10 --compiler-filter=quicken --debuggable --classpath-dir=/data/app/com.package-7KbZxh8JQyXUOcSGvv-5hA== --class-loader-context=PCL[]
I/dex2oat: Large app, accepted running with swap.

构建文件

build.gradle这是应用程序模块的一部分。这是一个多模块项目，但其他文件非常相似。

android {

    compileSdkVersion(AndroidBuild.compileSdk)

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId = "com.package"
        minSdkVersion(AndroidBuild.minSdk)
        targetSdkVersion(AndroidBuild.targetSdk)
        versionCode = 7
        versionName = "0.2.0"
        vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true
        renderscriptTargetApi = 24
        renderscriptSupportModeEnabled = true
        multiDexEnabled = true

        testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        testInstrumentationRunnerArgument("clearPackageData", "true")
    }

    signingConfigs {
        create("release") {
            // signing stuff
        }
    }

    testOptions {
        // execution = "ANDROIDX_TEST_ORCHESTRATOR"
    }

    buildTypes {
        getByName("release") {
            signingConfig = signingConfigs.getByName("release")
            isShrinkResources = true
            isMinifyEnabled = true
            proguardFile(getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-defaults.txt"))
            proguardFile("proguard-rules.pro")
        }
        getByName("debug") {
            versionNameSuffix = "-debug"
            // Hoping that this should speed up builds due to multidexing
            defaultConfig.minSdkVersion(21)
        }
    }

    dataBinding.isEnabled = true
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
}

使用 vmSafeMode="true" 时的 aapt 输出

运行时输出./Library/Android/sdk/build-tools/29.0.2/aapt list -a app-debug.apk很大，只粘贴相关部分：

E: application (line=57)
  A: android:theme(0x01010000)=@0x7f11014c
  A: android:label(0x01010001)=@0x7f100002
  A: android:icon(0x01010002)=@0x7f0e0001
  A: android:name(0x01010003)="com.package.App" (Raw: "com.package.App")
  A: android:debuggable(0x0101000f)=(type 0x12)0xffffffff
  A: android:allowBackup(0x01010280)=(type 0x12)0xffffffff
  A: android:vmSafeMode(0x010102b8)=(type 0x12)0xffffffff
  A: android:supportsRtl(0x010103af)=(type 0x12)0xffffffff
  A: android:appComponentFactory(0x0101057a)="androidx.core.app.CoreComponentFactory" (Raw: "androidx.core.app.CoreComponentFactory")

Answer 1

首先dex2oat，它适用于这个，Verifying app behavior on the Android runtime (ART)请参阅此链接

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https://developer.android.com/guide/practices/verifying-apps-art

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现在您需要做的是使构建过程更快

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您可以（提前）禁用此 ART以优化调试部署并加快构建速度。\nby

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<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"\n    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"\n   ...>\n\n <application\n ...\n android:vmSafeMode="true">\n ...\n

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注意：仅适用于 22+ 的 targetSdkVersion，并且您\xe2\x80\x99\n 使用 ART 运行时运行设备。

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禁用此功能后，它将减少您的构建时间\n有关更多信息，您可以参考以下链接https://androidbycode.wordpress.com/2015/07/03/disable-android-art-ahead-of-time-compilation-to-优化调试部署/

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