在下面的代码中,我想不必undefined为filteredDevice添加类型注释。我认为一个被过滤的设备不应该是未定义的,因为我过滤掉了未定义的设备。
但是如果我删除undefined类型注释,TypeScript 会抱怨Type 'ICouchDBDocument | undefined' is not assignable to type 'ICouchDBDocument'.
devices
.filter((device: ICouchDBDocument | undefined) => Boolean(device)) //should filter away all undefined devices?
.map((filteredDevice: ICouchDBDocument | undefined) => { ... })
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
如何更改我的代码,以便过滤器对类型注释产生影响?
Sly*_*nal 10
解决方案是传递一个类型保护函数,告诉 TypeScript 您正在过滤掉undefined类型的一部分:
devices
.filter((device): device is ICouchDBDocument => Boolean(device)) //filters away all undefined devices!
.map((filteredDevice) => {
// yay, `filteredDevice` is not undefined here :)
})
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
如果您需要经常这样做,那么您可以创建一个适用于大多数类型的通用实用程序函数:
const removeNulls = <S>(value: S | undefined): value is S => value != null;
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
这里有些例子:
devices
.filter(removeNulls)
.map((filteredDevice) => {
// filteredDevice is truthy here
});
// Works with arbitrary types:
let maybeNumbers: (number | undefined)[] = [];
maybeNumbers
.filter(removeNulls)
.map((num) => {
return num * 2;
});
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
(我没有使用该Boolean函数removeNulls以防人们想将它与number类型一起使用- 否则我们也会不小心过滤掉假0值!)
谢谢,我一直在想同样的事情,但你的问题促使我终于解决了:)
查看 TypeScript's lib.es5.d.ts,该Array.filter函数具有这种类型签名(它实际上在文件中有两个,但这是与您的问题相关的一个):
/**
* Returns the elements of an array that meet the condition specified in a callback function.
* @param callbackfn A function that accepts up to three arguments. The filter method calls the callbackfn function one time for each element in the array.
* @param thisArg An object to which the this keyword can refer in the callbackfn function. If thisArg is omitted, undefined is used as the this value.
*/
filter<S extends T>(callbackfn: (value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => value is S, thisArg?: any): S[];
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
所以,这里的关键是value is Scallbackfn的返回类型,这表明它是一个用户定义的类型 guard。
| 归档时间: |
|
| 查看次数: |
2071 次 |
| 最近记录: |