Github Actions，如何在工作步骤之间共享计算值？

Question

Github Actions是否有DRY方式在多个作业步骤中计算和共享值？

在下面的工作流程yml文件中，回显$ {GITHUB_REF} | cut -d'/'-f3`-$ {GITHUB_SHA}会分多个步骤重复。

name: Test, Build and Deploy
on:
  push:
    branches:
      - master
jobs:
  build_and_push:
    name: Build and Push
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Docker Build
        uses: "actions/docker/cli@master"
        with:
          args: build . --file Dockerfile -t cflynnus/blog:`echo ${GITHUB_REF} | cut -d'/' -f3`-${GITHUB_SHA}
      - name: Docker Tag Latest
        uses: "actions/docker/cli@master"
        with:
          args: tag cflynnus/blog:`echo ${GITHUB_REF} | cut -d'/' -f3`-${GITHUB_SHA} cflynnus/blog:latest

Answer 1

set-output已被弃用，现在更好的方法是：

echo "{name}={value}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

来自Github 文档的示例：

  - name: Set color
    id: random-color-generator
    run: echo "SELECTED_COLOR=green" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
  - name: Get color
    run: echo "The selected color is ${{ steps.random-color-generator.outputs.SELECTED_COLOR }}"

Answer 2

set-output可用于定义步骤的输出。然后可以将输出用于后续步骤，并在with和env输入部分中进行评估。

The following is what that would look like for your example.

name: Test, Build and Deploy
on:
  push:
    branches:
      - master
jobs:
  build_and_push:
    name: Build and Push
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Set tag var
        id: vars
        run: echo ::set-output name=docker_tag::$(echo ${GITHUB_REF} | cut -d'/' -f3)-${GITHUB_SHA}
      - name: Docker Build
        uses: "actions/docker/cli@master"
        with:
          args: build . --file Dockerfile -t cflynnus/blog:${{ steps.vars.outputs.docker_tag }}
      - name: Docker Tag Latest
        uses: "actions/docker/cli@master"
        with:
          args: tag cflynnus/blog:${{ steps.vars.outputs.docker_tag }} cflynnus/blog:latest

Here is another example showing how to dynamically set multiple variables to be used by an action.

      - name: Set output variables
        id: vars
        run: |
          echo ::set-output name=pr_title::"[Test] Add report file $(date +%d-%m-%Y)"
          echo ::set-output name=pr_body::"This PR was auto-generated on $(date +%d-%m-%Y) \
            by [create-pull-request](https://github.com/peter-evans/create-pull-request)."
      - name: Create Pull Request
        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v1.5.2
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
          PULL_REQUEST_TITLE: ${{ steps.vars.outputs.pr_title }}
          PULL_REQUEST_BODY: ${{ steps.vars.outputs.pr_body }}

Alternatively you can use set-env.

      - name: Set environment variables
        run: |
          echo ::set-env name=PR_TITLE::"[Test] Add report file $(date +%d-%m-%Y)"
          echo ::set-env name=PR_BODY::"This PR was auto-generated on $(date +%d-%m-%Y) \
            by [create-pull-request](https://github.com/peter-evans/create-pull-request)."
      - name: Create Pull Request
        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v1.5.2
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
          PULL_REQUEST_TITLE: ${{ env.PR_TITLE }}
          PULL_REQUEST_BODY: ${{ env.PR_BODY }}

Update: The docker actions in the first example are deprecated. Please see this answer for the latest way to work with docker in GitHub Actions.