那些遇到过的问题

是否有 API 或 SDK 可以在 SmartPhone for Android TV 上创建远程控制应用程序

Chr*_*lla 6 android remote-control

我的任务是为 android mobile 创建一个应用程序来控制 Android TV，最好是任何应用程序之外的仪表板/登陆页面（包括设置）。是通过蓝牙还是 wifi 并不重要，尽管我发现蓝牙是不可能的，因为需要 HID 配置文件，并且该配置文件仅在 API 28 上可用（我需要从 API 19 开始支持）

Play 商店中有一些应用程序已经具有此功能。大多数通过 Wifi 连接到 Android TV，也与它配对。

通过分析 APK 文件，我发现了一些选项，即

  • 有些使用 connectSDK库

  • 其他人使用的似乎是我似乎找不到的本地 google 包 

    import com.google.android.tv.support.remote.Discovery;
import com.google.android.tv.support.remote.core.Client;
import com.google.android.tv.remote.BuildInfo;
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我发现几年前也可以使用 Anymote 协议，但该协议仅适用于 Google TV，不适用于 Android TV。

我现在面临的问题是connectSDK库没有得到维护并且不包含任何用于 Android TV 连接的代码。本地 google 包在任何地方都找不到，不确定它是否包含在特定的 Jar 文件中，或者可能是一些模糊/隐藏的依赖项？

我可以尝试使用 Android TV 创建到特定套接字的连接，例如，我知道ServiceTypeis"_androidtvremote._tcp."并且端口号是6466。但我不确定实现这一点的最佳方法是什么。

我正在寻找的是我如何解决这个问题的一些指示或想法。也许也有一些参考。

Aym*_*Kdn 15

EDIT on December 2021: I created a new documentation for the new protocol v2.

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EDIT on September 2021: Google is deploying a new version of the "Android TV Remote Control" (from v4.x to v5), and this version is not compatible with the legacy pairing system. For now it\'s necessary to keep a version < 5 to make it work.

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We spent some time to find how to connect and control an Android/Google TV (by reverse engineering), and I\'m sharing here the result of our findings. For a more recent/updated version, you can check this wiki page.

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I develop in PHP so I\'ll share the code in PHP (the Java code can be found by decompiling some Android apps using https://github.com/skylot/jadx)

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Thanks to @hubertlejaune for his tremendous help.

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The Android TV (aka server in this document) should have 2 open ports: 6466 and 6467.

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To know more about the Android TV, we can enter the below Linux command:

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openssl s_client -connect SERVER_IP:6467 -prexit -state -debug

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Which will return some information, including the server\'s public certificate.

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If you only want the server\'s public certificate:

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openssl s_client -showcerts -connect SERVER_IP:6467 </dev/null 2>/dev/null|openssl x509 -outform PEM > server.pem

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Pairing

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The pairing protocol will happen on port 6467.

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Client\'s certificate

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It\'s required to generate our own (client) certificate.

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In PHP we can do it with the below code:

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<?php\n// the commande line is: php generate_key.php > client.pem\n\n// certificate details (Distinguished Name)\n// (OpenSSL applies defaults to missing fields)\n$dn = array(\n  "commonName" => "atvremote",\n  "countryName" => "US",\n  "stateOrProvinceName" => "California",\n  "localityName" => "Montain View",\n  "organizationName" => "Google Inc.",\n  "organizationalUnitName" => "Android",\n  "emailAddress" => "example@google.com"\n);\n\n// create certificate which is valid for ~10 years\n$privkey = openssl_pkey_new();\n$cert = openssl_csr_new($dn, $privkey);\n$cert = openssl_csr_sign($cert, null, $privkey, 3650);\n\n// export public key\nopenssl_x509_export($cert, $out);\necho $out;\n\n// export private key\n$passphrase = null;\nopenssl_pkey_export($privkey, $out, $passphrase);\necho $out;\n
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It will generate a file called client.pem that contains both the public and the private keys for our client.

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Connection to the server

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You need to open a TLS/SSL connection to the server using port 6467.

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In PHP, you could use https://github.com/reactphp/socket:

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<?php\nuse React\\EventLoop\\Factory;\nuse React\\Socket\\Connector;\nuse React\\Socket\\SecureConnector;\nuse React\\Socket\\ConnectionInterface;\n\nrequire __DIR__ . \'/./vendor/autoload.php\';\n\n$host = \'SERVER_IP\';\n$loop = Factory::create();\n$tcpConnector = new React\\Socket\\TcpConnector($loop);\n$dnsResolverFactory = new React\\Dns\\Resolver\\Factory();\n$dns = $dnsResolverFactory->createCached(\'8.8.8.8\', $loop);\n$dnsConnector = new React\\Socket\\DnsConnector($tcpConnector, $dns);\n\n$connector = new SecureConnector($dnsConnector, $loop, array(\n  \'allow_self_signed\' => true,\n  \'verify_peer\' => false,\n  \'verify_peer_name\' => false,\n  \'dns\' => false,\n  \'local_cert\' => \'client.pem\'\n));\n\n$connector->connect(\'tls://\' . $host . \':6467\')->then(function (ConnectionInterface $connection) use ($host) {\n  $connection->on(\'data\', function ($data) use ($connection) {\n    $dataLen = strlen($data);\n    echo "data recv => ".$data." (".strlen($data).")\\n";\n    // deal with the messages received from the server\n  });\n  \n  // below we can send the first message\n  $connection->write(/* first message here */);\n}, \'printf\');\n\n$loop->run();\n?>\n
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Protocol

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\xe2\x9a\xa0\xef\xb8\x8f Attention, each message is sent as a JSON string, but with two components/parts:

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  • (first) we send the length of the message (JSON string) on 4 bytes,
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  • (second) we send the message (JSON string) itself.
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PAIRING_REQUEST(10)

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As soon as we are connected to the server, we send a PAIRING_REQUEST(10) message (type = 10).

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The first message to send is:

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{"protocol_version":1,"payload":{"service_name":"androidtvremote","client_name":"CLIENT_NAME"},"type":10,"status":200}

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The server returns a PAIRING_REQUEST_ACK(11) message with type is 11 and status is 200:

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{"protocol_version":1,"payload":{},"type":11,"status":200}

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OPTIONS(20)

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Then the client replies with a OPTIONS(20) message (type = 20):

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{"protocol_version":1,"payload":{"output_encodings":[{"symbol_length":4,"type":3}],"input_encodings":[{"symbol_length":4,"type":3}],"preferred_role":1},"type":20,"status":200}

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The server returns a OPTIONS(20) message with type is 20 and status is 200.

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CONFIGURATION(30)

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Then the client replies with a CONFIGURATION(30) message (type = 30):

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{"protocol_version":1,"payload":{"encoding":{"symbol_length":4,"type":3},"client_role":1},"type":30,"status":200}

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The server returns a CONFIGURATION_ACK(31) message with type is 31 and status is 200.

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代码出现在电视屏幕上！

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秘密(40)

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然后客户端回复一条SECRET(40)消息 ( type= 40)：

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{“protocol_version”：1，“payload”：{“secret”：“encodedSecret”}，“type”：40，“status”：200}

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此时，电视屏幕上会显示4个字符的代码（例如4D35）。

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为了找到encodedSecret:

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  • 我们使用 SHA-256 哈希；
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  • 我们添加客户端公钥modulus to the hash;
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  • 我们添加客户端公钥exponent to the hash;
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  • 我们添加服务器公钥modulus to the hash;
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  • 我们添加服务器公钥exponent to the hash;
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  • 我们将代码的最后 2 个字符添加到哈希中（在示例中它是35).
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然后将哈希结果编码为 Base64。

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服务器返回类型为 is和is的SECRET_ACK(41)消息，以及允许验证 \xe2\x80\x93 的编码秘密，我们没有尝试对其进行解码，但它可能是前 2 个代码的字符：41status200

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{“protocol_version”：1，“payload”：{“secret”：“encodedSecretAck”}，“type”：41，“status”：200}

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PHP代码

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（你可以找到一些产生几乎相同结果的Java 代码）

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下面是相关的PHP代码：

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<?php\nuse React\\EventLoop\\Factory;\nuse React\\Socket\\Connector;\nuse React\\Socket\\SecureConnector;\nuse React\\Socket\\ConnectionInterface;\n\nrequire __DIR__ . \'/./vendor/autoload.php\';\n\n$host = \'SERVER_IP\';\n$loop = Factory::create();\n$tcpConnector = new React\\Socket\\TcpConnector($loop);\n$dnsResolverFactory = new React\\Dns\\Resolver\\Factory();\n$dns = $dnsResolverFactory->createCached(\'8.8.8.8\', $loop);\n$dnsConnector = new React\\Socket\\DnsConnector($tcpConnector, $dns);\n\n// get the server\'s public certificate\nexec("openssl s_client -showcerts -connect ".escapeshellcmd($host).":6467 </dev/null 2>/dev/null|openssl x509 -outform PEM > server.pem");\n\n$connector = new SecureConnector($dnsConnector, $loop, array(\n  \'allow_self_signed\' => true,\n  \'verify_peer\' => false,\n  \'verify_peer_name\' => false,\n  \'dns\' => false,\n  \'local_cert\' => \'client.pem\'\n));\n\n// return the message\'s length on 4 bytes\nfunction getLen($len) {\n  return chr($len>>24 & 0xFF).chr($len>>16 & 0xFF).chr($len>>8 & 0xFF).chr($len & 0xFF);\n}\n\n// connect to the server\n$connector->connect(\'tls://\' . $host . \':6467\')->then(function (ConnectionInterface $connection) use ($host) {\n  $connection->on(\'data\', function ($data) use ($connection) {\n    $dataLen = strlen($data);\n    echo "data recv => ".$data." (".strlen($data).")\\n";\n\n    // the first response from the server is the message\'s size on 4 bytes (that looks like a char to convert to decimal) \xe2\x80\x93 we can ignore it\n    // only look at messages longer than 4 bytes\n    if ($dataLen > 4) {\n      // decode the JSON string\n      $res = json_decode($data);\n      // check the status is 200\n      if ($res->status === 200) {\n        // check at which step we are\n        switch($res->type) {\n          case 11:{\n            // message to send:\n            // {"protocol_version":1,"payload":{"output_encodings":[{"symbol_length":4,"type":3}],"input_encodings":[{"symbol_length":4,"type":3}],"preferred_role":1},"type":20,"status":200}\n            $json = new stdClass();\n            $json->protocol_version = 1;\n            $json->payload = new stdClass();\n            $json->payload->output_encodings = [];\n            $encoding = new stdClass();\n            $encoding->symbol_length = 4;\n            $encoding->type = 3;\n            array_push($json->payload->output_encodings, $encoding);\n            $json->payload->input_encodings = [];\n            $encoding = new stdClass();\n            $encoding->symbol_length = 4;\n            $encoding->type = 3;\n            array_push($json->payload->input_encodings, $encoding);\n            $json->payload->preferred_role = 1;\n            $json->type = 20;\n            $json->status = 200;\n            $payload = json_encode($json);\n            $payloadLen = strlen($payload);\n            $connection->write(getLen($payloadLen));\n            $connection->write($payload);\n            break;\n          }\n          case 20:{\n            // message to send:\n            // {"protocol_version":1,"payload":{"encoding":{"symbol_length":4,"type":3},"client_role":1},"type":30,"status":200}\n            $json = new stdClass();\n            $json->protocol_version = 1;\n            $json->payload = new stdClass();\n            $json->payload->encoding = new stdClass();\n            $json->payload->encoding->symbol_length = 4;\n            $json->payload->encoding->type = 3;\n            $json->payload->client_role = 1;\n            $json->type = 30;\n            $json->status = 200;\n            $payload = json_encode($json);\n            $payloadLen = strlen($payload);\n            $connection->write(getLen($payloadLen));\n            $connection->write($payload);\n            break;\n          }\n          case 31:{\n            // when we arrive here, the TV screen displays a code with 4 characters\n            // message to send:\n            // {"protocol_version":1,"payload":{"secret":"encodedSecret"},"type":40,"status":200}\n            $json = new stdClass();\n            $json->protocol_version = 1;\n            $json->payload = new stdClass();\n            // get the code... here we\'ll let the user to enter it in the console\n            $code = readline("Code: ");\n\n            // get the client\'s certificate\n            $clientPub = openssl_get_publickey(file_get_contents("client.pem"));\n            $clientPubDetails = openssl_pkey_get_details($clientPub);\n            // get the server\'s certificate\n            $serverPub = openssl_get_publickey(file_get_contents("public.key"));\n            $serverPubDetails = openssl_pkey_get_details($serverPub);\n\n            // get the client\'s certificate modulus\n            $clientModulus = $clientPubDetails[\'rsa\'][\'n\'];\n            // get the client\'s certificate exponent\n            $clientExponent = $clientPubDetails[\'rsa\'][\'e\'];\n            // get the server\'s certificate modulus\n            $serverModulus = $serverPubDetails[\'rsa\'][\'n\'];\n            // get the server\'s certificate exponent\n            $serverExponent = $serverPubDetails[\'rsa\'][\'e\'];\n\n            // use SHA-256\n            $ctxHash = hash_init(\'sha256\');\n            hash_update($ctxHash, $clientModulus);\n            hash_update($ctxHash, $clientExponent);\n            hash_update($ctxHash, $serverModulus);\n            hash_update($ctxHash, $serverExponent);\n            // only keep the last two characters of the code\n            $codeBin = hex2bin(substr($code, 2));\n            hash_update($ctxHash, $codeBin);\n            $alpha = hash_final($ctxHash, true);\n            \n            // encode in base64\n            $json->payload->secret = base64_encode($alpha);\n            $json->type = 40;\n            $json->status = 200;\n            $payload = json_encode($json);\n            $payloadLen = strlen($payload);\n\n            $connection->write(getLen($payloadLen));\n            $connection->write($payload);\n            break;\n          }\n        }\n      }\n    }\n  });\n\n  // send the first message to the server\n  // {"protocol_version":1,"payload":{"service_name":"androidtvremote","client_name":"TEST"},"type":10,"status":200}\n  $json = new stdClass();\n  $json->protocol_version = 1;\n  $json->payload = new stdClass();\n  $json->payload->service_name = "androidtvremote";\n  $json->payload->client_name = "interface Web";\n  $json->type = 10;\n  $json->status = 200;\n  $payload = json_encode($json);\n  $payloadLen = strlen($payload);\n\n  // send the message size\n  $connection->write(getLen($payloadLen));\n  // send the message\n  $connection->write($payload);\n}, \'printf\');\n\n$loop->run();\n?>\n
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发送命令

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现在客户端已与服务器配对，我们将使用端口 6466发送命令。
\n请注意，我们将使用字节数组作为命令。

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配置消息

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必须发送初始消息：

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[1,0,0,21,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,32,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,4,116,101,115,116]

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服务器将响应一个字节数组，该数组应以[1,7,0

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命令

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您必须发送两条消息才能执行一条命令。

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格式为：

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[1,2,0,{大小=16},0,0,0,0,0,0,0, {计数器} ,0,0,0, {按=0} ,0,0,0,{ KEYCODE}]
\n[1,2,0,{SIZE=16},0,0,0,0,0,0,0,{COUNTER+1},0,0,0,{RELEASE=1}, 0,0,0,{KEYCODE}]

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可以在https://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent{KEYCODE}上找到。

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例如，如果我们想发送VOLUME_UP：

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[1,2,0,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,24]
\n[1,2,0, 16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,24]

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PHP代码

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这里是一些 PHP 代码：

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<?php\nuse React\\EventLoop\\Factory;\nuse React\\Socket\\Connector;\nuse React\\Socket\\SecureConnector;\nuse React\\Socket\\ConnectionInterface;\n\nrequire __DIR__ . \'/./vendor/autoload.php\';\n\n$host = \'SERVER_IP\';\n$loop = Factory::create();\n$tcpConnector = new React\\Socket\\TcpConnector($loop);\n$dnsResolverFactory = new React\\Dns\\Resolver\\Factory();\n$dns = $dnsResolverFactory->createCached(\'8.8.8.8\', $loop);\n$dnsConnector = new React\\Socket\\DnsConnector($tcpConnector, $dns);\n\n$connector = new SecureConnector($dnsConnector, $loop, array(\n  \'allow_self_signed\' => true,\n  \'verify_peer\' => false,\n  \'verify_peer_name\' => false,\n  \'dns\' => false,\n  \'local_cert\' => \'client.pem\'\n));\n\n// convert the array of bytes\nfunction toMsg($arr) {\n  $chars = array_map("chr", $arr);\n  return join($chars);\n}\n\n// connect to the server\n$connector->connect(\'tls://\' . $host . \':6466\')->then(function (ConnectionInterface $connection) use ($host) {\n  $connection->on(\'data\', function ($data) use ($connection) {\n    // convert the data received to an array of bytes\n    $dataLen = strlen($data);\n    $arr = [];\n    for ($i=0; $i<$dataLen;$i++) {\n      $arr[] = ord($data[$i]);\n    }\n    $str = "[".implode(",", $arr)."]";\n    echo "data recv => ".$data." ".$str." (".strlen($data).")\\n";\n\n    // if we receive [1,20,0,0] it means the server sent a ping\n    if (strpos($str, "[1,20,0,0]") === 0) {\n      // we can reply with a PONG [1,21,0,0] if we want\n      // $connection->write(toMsg([1,21,0,0]));\n    }\n    else if (strpos($str, "[1,7,0,") === 0) {\n      // we can send the command, here it\'s a VOLUME_UP\n      $connection->write(toMsg([1,2,0,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,24]));\n      $connection->write(toMsg([1,2,0,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,24]));\n    }\n  });\n\n  // send the first message (configuration) to the server\n  $arr = [1,0,0,21,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,32,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,4,116,101,115,116];\n  $connection->write(toMsg($arr));\n}, \'printf\');\n\n$loop->run();\n?>\n
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Chr*_*lla 4

所以，我找到了我正在寻找的答案。

如果您是 Google 合作伙伴（并且只有这样），并且拥有具有这些权限的帐户，您只需在此位置下载 jar 文件即可。也可以在那里找到文档，并且存在适用于 Android 和 iOS 的 SDK。

关于如何使用它的信息并不多。但通过查看不同的类，情况就会变得很清楚。

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