从DbDataReader读取数据的最快方法是什么？

Question

在以下代码中,command是已经设置的DbCommand:

using( var dataReader = command.ExecuteReader() /*The actual execution of the query takes relatively little time.*/ ) {
                while( dataReader.Read() ) {
                    // These are what take all of the time. Replacing them all with reader.GetValues( myArray ) has no impact.
                    val0 = dataReader.GetValue( 0 );
                    val1 = dataReader.GetValue( 1 );
                    val2 = dataReader.GetValue( 2 );
                }
            }

我目前正在处理的查询的大部分时间都花在了GetValue调用上.它是否为每个GetValue调用进行数据库往返？看起来似乎是这样,这看起来非常低效.正如代码所指出的那样,尝试使用GetValues()一次性完成它并没有什么不同.有没有办法一次性获得整行？更好的是,有没有办法一次性获得整个结果集？

谢谢.

Answer 1

我用各种方法做了一些基准测试:

public DataTable Read1(string query)
{
    using (var cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
    {
        cmd.CommandText = query;
        cmd.Connection.Open();
        var table = new DataTable();
        using (var r = cmd.ExecuteReader())
            table.Load(r);
        return table;
    }
}

public DataTable Read2<S>(string query) where S : IDbDataAdapter, IDisposable, new()
{
    using (var da = new S())
    {
        using (da.SelectCommand = conn.CreateCommand())
        {
            da.SelectCommand.CommandText = query;
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();
            da.Fill(ds);
            return ds.Tables[0];
        }
    }
}

public IEnumerable<S> Read3<S>(string query, Func<IDataRecord, S> selector)
{
    using (var cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
    {
        cmd.CommandText = query;
        cmd.Connection.Open();
        using (var r = cmd.ExecuteReader())
            while (r.Read())
                yield return selector(r);
    }
}

public S[] Read4<S>(string query, Func<IDataRecord, S> selector)
{
    using (var cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
    {
        cmd.CommandText = query;
        cmd.Connection.Open();
        using (var r = cmd.ExecuteReader())
            return ((DbDataReader)r).Cast<IDataRecord>().Select(selector).ToArray();
    }
}

public List<S> Read5<S>(string query, Func<IDataRecord, S> selector)
{
    using (var cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
    {
        cmd.CommandText = query;
        cmd.Connection.Open(); 
        using (var r = cmd.ExecuteReader())
        {
            var items = new List<S>();
            while (r.Read())
                items.Add(selector(r));
            return items;
        }
    }
}

1和2返回,DataTable而其余的强类型结果集,所以它完全不是苹果到苹果,但我在相应的时间.

只是要点:

Stopwatch sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
    Read1(query); // ~8900 - 9200ms

    Read1(query).Rows.Cast<DataRow>().Select(selector).ToArray(); // ~9000 - 9400ms

    Read2<MySqlDataAdapter>(query); // ~1750 - 2000ms

    Read2<MySqlDataAdapter>(query).Rows.Cast<DataRow>().Select(selector).ToArray(); // ~1850 - 2000ms

    Read3(query, selector).ToArray(); // ~1550 - 1750ms

    Read4(query, selector); // ~1550 - 1700ms

    Read5(query, selector); // ~1550 - 1650ms
}

sw.Stop();
MessageBox.Show(sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds.ToString());

该查询返回了大约1200行和5个字段(运行100次).除了Read1表现都很好.我最喜欢的Read3是懒惰返回数据,如枚举.如果您只需要枚举它,这对内存很有用.要在内存中拥有该集合的副本,您最好Read4或Read5随心所欲.

Answer 2

using (connection)
    {
        SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(
          "SELECT CategoryID, CategoryName FROM dbo.Categories;" +
          "SELECT EmployeeID, LastName FROM dbo.Employees",
          connection);
        connection.Open();

        SqlDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader();

        while (reader.HasRows)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("\t{0}\t{1}", reader.GetName(0),
                reader.GetName(1));

            while (reader.Read())
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\t{0}\t{1}", reader.GetInt32(0),
                    reader.GetString(1));
            }
            reader.NextResult();
        }
    }