Mar*_*lka 16 testing android kotlin android-room kotlin-coroutines
我想测试我的数据库层,但我发现自己陷入了 catch-22 类型的情况。
测试用例由两部分组成:
简而言之,问题在于:
Insert是一个suspend方法,这意味着它需要运行runBlocking{}Query返回一个LiveData结果,这也是异步的。因此需要观察。有这个SO question 解释了如何做到这一点。InstantTaskExecutorRule. (否则我得到java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot invoke observeForever on a background thread.)@Transaction注释的 DAO 方法。测试永远不会结束。我认为它在等待某个事务线程时陷入僵局。InstantTaskExecutorRule让 Transaction-Insert 方法完成,但随后我无法断言其结果,因为我需要规则才能观察数据。我的Dao课是这样的:
@Dao
interface GameDao {
@Query("SELECT * FROM game")
fun getAll(): LiveData<List<Game>>
@Insert
suspend fun insert(game: Game): Long
@Insert
suspend fun insertRound(round: RoundRoom)
@Transaction
suspend fun insertGameAndRounds(game: Game, rounds: List<RoundRoom>) {
val gameId = insert(game)
rounds.onEach {
it.gameId = gameId
}
rounds.forEach {
insertRound(it)
}
}
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测试用例是:
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class RoomTest {
private lateinit var gameDao: GameDao
private lateinit var db: AppDatabase
@get:Rule
val instantTaskExecutorRule = InstantTaskExecutorRule()
@Before
fun createDb() {
val context = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext<Context>()
db = Room.inMemoryDatabaseBuilder(
context, AppDatabase::class.java
).build()
gameDao = db.gameDao()
}
@Test
@Throws(Exception::class)
fun storeAndReadGame() {
val game = Game(...)
runBlocking {
gameDao.insert(game)
}
val allGames = gameDao.getAll()
// the .getValueBlocking cannot be run on the background thread - needs the InstantTaskExecutorRule
val result = allGames.getValueBlocking() ?: throw InvalidObjectException("null returned as games")
// some assertions about the result here
}
@Test
fun storeAndReadGameLinkedWithRound() {
val game = Game(...)
val rounds = listOf(
Round(...),
Round(...),
Round(...)
)
runBlocking {
// This is where the execution freezes when InstantTaskExecutorRule is used
gameDao.insertGameAndRounds(game, rounds)
}
// retrieve the data, assert on it, etc
}
}
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这getValueBlocking是一个扩展功能LiveData,几乎从上面的链接复制粘贴
fun <T> LiveData<T>.getValueBlocking(): T? {
var value: T? = null
val latch = CountDownLatch(1)
val observer = Observer<T> { t ->
value = t
latch.countDown()
}
observeForever(observer)
latch.await(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
return value
}
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测试这种情况的正确方法是什么?我在开发数据库映射层时需要这些类型的测试,以确保一切都按我的预期工作。
这个问题现在有一个解决方案,在这个答案中有解释。
修复是在 Room 内存数据库构建器中添加一行:
db = Room
.inMemoryDatabaseBuilder(context, AppDatabase::class.java)
.setTransactionExecutor(Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor()) // <-- this makes all the difference
.build()
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使用单线程执行器,测试按预期工作。