Dom*_*c P 10 javascript arrays function object ecmascript-6
我厌倦了编写这样的代码:
class Something {
constructor() {
this.method = this.method.bind(this);
this.anotherOne = this.anotherOne.bind(this);
// ...
}
}
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很费时间,而且很容易忘记绑定一个方法。我知道 class fields 提案,但它仍然是第 3 阶段,似乎有一些问题。
我当前的解决方案(基于此答案)如下所示:
class Something {
constructor() {
// Get all defined class methods
const methods = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Object.getPrototypeOf(this));
// Bind all methods
methods
.filter(method => (method !== 'constructor'))
.forEach((method) => { this[method] = this[method].bind(this); });
}
}
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这似乎有效,但我想知道是否有更好的方法,或者此方法是否存在我不知道的问题。
我遇到的问题是,如果我没有在构造函数中绑定我的类函数,我必须记住以后“正确地”调用它们。例如:
const classInstance = new Something();
// This fails for a non-obvious reason
someAction()
.then(classInstance.method);
// This works of course but looks like we created a useless function if you don't know better
someAction()
.then(result => classInstance.method(result));
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小智 21
回答这个问题似乎有点晚了,但没有公认的答案,所以我会尽力为在我之后来到这里的人提供帮助。
this所有方法,您可以使用“箭头”功能:class Something {
constructor() {
// Don't need to bind `this`
}
doSomething = () => {
console.log(this); // `this` will be pointed to the instance
}
}
const s = new Something();
s.doSomething(); // => `this` is pointed to `s`
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注意:只需确保扩展此类的类Something不会doSomething在其中使用方法 constructor (例如super.doSomething():),否则您将收到错误。
this使用.call()or手动绑定.apply(),则 的值this取决于调用该方法的方式例如:
class Something {
constructor() {
// didn't bind `this` here
}
doSomething() {
console.log(this);
}
}
const s = new Something();
const funcA = s.doSomething;
const object = {
funcB: s.doSomething,
};
// these ways of calling `.doSomething()` result in different values of `this`:
funcA(); // => `this` is pointed to the global variable (`window` in browser environment)
window.funcA(); // => same as `funcA()`
s.doSomething(); // => `this` is pointed to `s`
object.funcB(); // =? `this` is pointed to `object`
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除此之外,.then()方法的实现类似如下:
class Promise {
// ...
then(callback) {
// code...
callback(); // notice how the `callback` is called - not as a method of an object
// code...
}
}
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在您的代码示例中,将回调传递到方法中的方式将影响回调内部.then()的值:this
const classInstance = new Something();
// `this` inside `classInstance.method` is pointed to `this` inside the
// `.then` method, not the `classInstance`, as `classInstance.method()`
// will be called as `callback()`
someAction()
.then(classInstance.method);
// `this` inside `classInstance.method` is pointed to `classInstance`,
// as the way the anonymous "arrow" function is called does not affect the way
// `classInstance.method` is called, so `this`'s value is controlled by the way
// you call it inside the callback (anonymous "arrow" function) of `.then()`
// method.
someAction()
.then(result => classInstance.method(result));
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kir*_*nvj 16
在 ES6 中使用粗箭头函数(一般称为箭头函数)
anotherOne = ()=> {
...
}
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像这样调用onClick={this.anotherOne};不需要在构造函数中绑定
来自ECMA 规范
ArrowFunction 中对参数、super、this 或 new.target 的任何引用都必须解析为词法封闭环境中的绑定。通常,这将是直接封闭函数的函数环境。
您也可以像这样使用自动绑定
从用法示例:
const autoBind = require('auto-bind');
class Unicorn {
constructor(name) {
this.name = name;
autoBind(this);
}
message() {
return `${this.name} is awesome!`;
}
}
const unicorn = new Unicorn('Rainbow');
// Grab the method off the class instance
const message = unicorn.message;
// Still bound to the class instance
message();
//=> 'Rainbow is awesome!'
// Without `autoBind(this)`, the above would have resulted in
message();
//=> Error: Cannot read property 'name' of undefined
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