Ada*_*dam 8 c++ fonts rendering gdi+
我的朋友,这将是一个很长的...
当我尝试在分层窗口中渲染文本时,我得到了一些非常奇怪的行为.
奇怪的是,对于font/font-style/font-size的某些组合,GDI +会更改渲染方法.对于Tahoma-Bold字体大小介于 8.49和16.49(像素单位)之间,包括"失败".对于其他字体和样式,我会以不同的大小"失败".

为清楚起见,我提供了一个完整的可执行示例.要使用的两个关键参数是第23行:
Color g_oTextColor( 255, 240, 0, 0 ); // Simply change Color to ( 254, 240, 0, 0 ) [to add slight transparency] and everything will work!
#define USE_LAYERED_WINDOW // or just comment this line out [to use a regular window], and everything will work!
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当使用分层窗口和完全不透明度时,字体在背景中绘制一个透明的"洞".但是,如果我为文本颜色添加轻微的透明度(alpha-channel = 254),则字体会变得不透明.或者,如果我使用常规(非分层)窗口,则字体呈现不透明.这里发生了什么??
但即使没有分层/透明问题,很明显这里发生了一些奇怪的事情.字体大小为8.49 - 16.48,渲染像素完美,其他字体质量模糊,特别是小字体.因此,系统似乎采用不同的方法来渲染这些中等大小.有人可以对此有所了解,我怎么可能渲染例如字体大小8.0像素而没有上面的模糊?我已经尝试过各种各样的设置SetTextRenderingHint(),SetTextContrast()但是对于8号字体来说,没有一个看起来很清晰.我只尝试了Tahoma和Arial ......
问题1:
我想使用纯GDI +进行离屏绘图,但我无法通过简单地创建Bitmap&Graphics对象来实现它.我仍然不得不使用旧的GDI东西来创建DC并选择HBitmap.我怎样才能在GDI +中完成所有工作?
问题2(仅限Geeks): 我也尝试在古老的GDI中绘制字体,但是我得到了一些更奇怪的效果:(1)在分层窗口中,文本变得透明,但是以一种附加的方式.(所以如果背后的窗户是黑暗的,那么红色的文字看起来会很好但是如果背后的窗户是白色的,那么文字完全消失了!)此外,如果我用半透明的方形填充我自己的窗户,那么表现就像预期的那样.(如果背后的窗口是黑色的话,红色正方形会变成深红色,并且正方形会在白色窗口上变成浅红色).我可以在一个分层窗口中同时观察这两种行为.并且(2)作为一个非常不受欢迎的奖励,绘制的文本失去了它的命中测试并变得不可点击?有什么解释吗?
如果你已经阅读了这篇文章,感谢持久,感谢任何答案!
// Create as a console application project
// + Unicode charset
// + Precompiled headers off
// + make sure to add linker input: gdiplus.lib
#ifndef _WIN32_WINNT // Allow use of features specific to Windows XP or later.
#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0501 // Change this to the appropriate value to target other versions of Windows.
#endif
// Standard and GDI+ stuffstuff
#include <stdio.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <cassert>
#include <Gdiplus.h>
using namespace Gdiplus;
GdiplusStartupInput g_oGdiPlusStartupInput;
ULONG_PTR g_pGdiPlusToken = NULL;
// #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# LINES TO CHANGE ---------->---------->---------->
Color g_oTextColor( 255, 240, 0, 0 ); // Simply change Color to ( 254, 240, 0, 0 ) [to add slight transparency] and everything will work!
#define USE_LAYERED_WINDOW // or just comment this line out [to use a regular window], and everything will work!
// Forward declarations
void RegWndClass();
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT uiMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam );
void CreateWindows();
void Draw();
void MsgLoop();
// Other Globals
ATOM g_iWndClass = 0;
HWND g_hWndGdiPlus = NULL;
HWND g_hWndGdi = NULL;
const wchar_t* g_pWndClass = L"TST";
int g_iWidth = 200;
int g_iHeight = 200;
// Main entry-point
int _tmain( int argc, _TCHAR* argv[] )
{
GdiplusStartup( &g_pGdiPlusToken, &g_oGdiPlusStartupInput, NULL );
RegWndClass();
CreateWindows();
Draw();
MsgLoop();
::UnregisterClass( g_pWndClass, NULL );
::Sleep( 500 );
GdiplusShutdown( g_pGdiPlusToken );
return 0;
} // _tmain
void CreateWindows()
{
#ifdef USE_LAYERED_WINDOW
// The key trick is to create a window with style WS_EX_LAYERED, but WITHOUT any subsequent calls to SetLayeredWindowAttributes()
// This gives us a magic window that must be updated with UpdateLayeredWindow() ( and it does NOT recieve any WM_PAINT messages )
// as brilliantly described in: http://alexkr.com/source-code/50/layered-windows-and-updatelayeredwindow/
g_hWndGdiPlus = ::CreateWindowEx( WS_EX_LAYERED, g_pWndClass, L"", WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE, 1000, 200, g_iWidth, g_iHeight, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
#else
g_hWndGdiPlus = ::CreateWindowEx( 0, g_pWndClass, L"", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE, 1000, 200, g_iWidth, g_iHeight, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
#endif
//g_hWndGdi = ::CreateWindowEx( WS_EX_LAYERED, g_pWndClass, L"", WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE, 720, 500, 200, 200, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
} // CreateWindows
void Draw()
{
// Init GDI+ surface
HDC hOff = ::CreateCompatibleDC( NULL );
Bitmap oDaBigOne( g_iWidth, g_iHeight, PixelFormat32bppARGB );
HBITMAP hBMit = NULL;
Color oCol( 0, 0, 0, 0 );
oDaBigOne.GetHBITMAP( oCol, &hBMit );
HGDIOBJ hSave = ::SelectObject( hOff, hBMit );
#ifdef USE_LAYERED_WINDOW
Graphics oGraph( hOff );
#else
Graphics oGraph( g_hWndGdiPlus );
#endif
oGraph.Clear( Color( 255, 55, 155, 255 ) );
// Draw text
oGraph.SetTextRenderingHint( TextRenderingHintAntiAliasGridFit );
oGraph.SetTextContrast( 0xffffffff );
oGraph.SetCompositingMode( CompositingModeSourceOver );
oGraph.SetCompositingQuality( CompositingQualityHighQuality );
oGraph.SetPixelOffsetMode( PixelOffsetModeHighQuality );
const FontFamily oFamily( L"Tahoma", NULL );
#if 1 // Use bold
Font oF600( &oFamily, 6.00, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF800( &oFamily, 8.00, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF848( &oFamily, 8.48, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF849( &oFamily, 8.49, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1200( &oFamily, 12.00, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1500( &oFamily, 15.00, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1648( &oFamily, 16.48, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1649( &oFamily, 16.49, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
#else // Use regular
Font oF600( &oFamily, 6.00, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF800( &oFamily, 8.00, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF848( &oFamily, 8.48, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF849( &oFamily, 8.49, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1200( &oFamily, 12.00, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1500( &oFamily, 15.00, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1648( &oFamily, 16.48, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1649( &oFamily, 16.49, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
#endif
assert( oF600.GetLastStatus() == Ok ); // Make sure font is OK
SolidBrush oBrush( g_oTextColor );
double dy = 1.0;
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 6.00", -1, &oF600, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 8.00", -1, &oF800, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 8.48", -1, &oF848, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 8.49", -1, &oF849, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 12.00", -1, &oF1200, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 15.00", -1, &oF1500, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 16.48", -1, &oF1648, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 16.49", -1, &oF1649, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
#ifndef USE_LAYERED_WINDOW
return;
#endif
// Do da layered window magic stuff
BLENDFUNCTION oBF = { 0 };
oBF.BlendOp = AC_SRC_OVER;
oBF.BlendFlags = 0;
oBF.SourceConstantAlpha = 255;
oBF.AlphaFormat = AC_SRC_ALPHA;
SIZE oSize = { 0 };
oSize.cx = g_iWidth;
oSize.cy = g_iHeight;
POINT oPTZero = { 0 };
RECT oRect = { 0 };
::GetWindowRect( g_hWndGdiPlus, &oRect );
POINT oPTWnd = { 0 };
oPTWnd.x = oRect.left;
oPTWnd.y = oRect.top;
//HDC hDC = oGraph.GetHDC();
BOOL bOK = ::UpdateLayeredWindow( g_hWndGdiPlus,
NULL, //HDC hdcDst,
&oPTWnd, // POINT &oPtNull,
&oSize, // SIZE *psize,
hOff, // HDC hdcSrc,
&oPTZero, // POINT *pptSrc,
RGB(255,255,255), // COLORREF crKey,
&oBF, // BLENDFUNCTION *pblend,
ULW_ALPHA // DWORD dwFlags
);
} // Draw
void MsgLoop()
{
::SetTimer( g_hWndGdiPlus, 0, 19999, NULL ); // Self-destruct timer
MSG msg = { 0 };
while ( ::GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
{
::TranslateMessage(&msg);
::DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
} // MsgLoop
void RegWndClass()
{
WNDCLASSEX wcex = { 0 };
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_OWNDC;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra = 8; // 8 bytes, to allow for 64-bit architecture
wcex.hInstance = NULL; // CHECK
wcex.hIcon = NULL;
wcex.hCursor = ::LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)NULL_BRUSH; // CHECK
wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wcex.lpszClassName = g_pWndClass;
wcex.hIconSm = NULL;
g_iWndClass = ::RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
} // RegWndClass
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT uiMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
switch( uiMsg )
{
case WM_TIMER:
{
std::wstring s;
std::wcout << L"Let´s quit" ;
::PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;
}
case WM_PAINT:
Draw();
break;
default:
{
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, uiMsg, wParam, lParam );
}
}
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, uiMsg, wParam, lParam );
} // WndProc
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[编辑]问题解决了!根据罗德罗的优秀建议,下面的代码.感谢他和他的巨大感谢.我真的很感激.
所有编辑都标有//#MOD
// Create as a console application project
// + Unicode charset
// + Precompiled headers off
// + make sure to add linker input: gdiplus.lib
#ifndef _WIN32_WINNT // Allow use of features specific to Windows XP or later.
#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0501 // Change this to the appropriate value to target other versions of Windows.
#endif
// Standard stuff
#include <stdio.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <cassert>
// GDI+ stuff
#include <Gdiplus.h>
using namespace Gdiplus;
GdiplusStartupInput g_oGdiPlusStartupInput;
ULONG_PTR g_pGdiPlusToken = NULL;
// #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# LINES TO CHANGE ---------->---------->---------->
Color g_oTextColor( 255, 240, 0, 0 ); // Simply change Color to ( 254, 240, 0, 0 ) [to add slight transparency] and everything will work!
#define USE_LAYERED_WINDOW // or just omment this line [to use a regular window], and everything will work!
// Forward declarations
void RegWndClass();
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT uiMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam );
void CreateWindows();
void Draw();
void MsgLoop();
// Other Globals
ATOM g_iWndClass = 0;
HWND g_hWndGdiPlus = NULL;
HWND g_hWndGdi = NULL;
const wchar_t* g_pWndClass = L"TST";
int g_iWidth = 200;
int g_iHeight = 200;
// Main entry-point
int _tmain( int argc, _TCHAR* argv[] )
{
GdiplusStartup( &g_pGdiPlusToken, &g_oGdiPlusStartupInput, NULL );
RegWndClass();
CreateWindows();
Draw();
MsgLoop();
::UnregisterClass( g_pWndClass, NULL );
::Sleep( 500 );
GdiplusShutdown( g_pGdiPlusToken );
return 0;
} // _tmain
void CreateWindows()
{
#ifdef USE_LAYERED_WINDOW
// The key trick is to create a window with style WS_EX_LAYERED, but WITHOUT any subsequent calls to SetLayeredWindowAttributes()
// This gives us a magic window that must be updated with UpdateLayeredWindow() ( and it does NOT recieve any WM_PAINT messages )
// as brilliantly described in: http://alexkr.com/source-code/50/layered-windows-and-updatelayeredwindow/
g_hWndGdiPlus = ::CreateWindowEx( WS_EX_LAYERED, g_pWndClass, L"", WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE, 1000, 200, g_iWidth, g_iHeight, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
#else
g_hWndGdiPlus = ::CreateWindowEx( 0, g_pWndClass, L"", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE, 1000, 200, g_iWidth, g_iHeight, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
#endif
//g_hWndGdi = ::CreateWindowEx( WS_EX_LAYERED, g_pWndClass, L"", WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE, 720, 500, 200, 200, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
} // CreateWindows
void Draw()
{
// Init GDI+ surface
HDC hOff = ::CreateCompatibleDC( NULL );
Bitmap oDaBigOne( g_iWidth, g_iHeight, PixelFormat32bppARGB );
HBITMAP hBMit = NULL;
Color oCol( 0, 0, 0, 0 );
// oDaBigOne.GetHBITMAP( oCol, &hBMit ); //#MOD
// HGDIOBJ hSave = ::SelectObject( hOff, hBMit ); //#MOD
{ // Limit oGraph scope //#MOD
#ifdef USE_LAYERED_WINDOW
//Graphics oGraph( hOff ); //#MOD
Graphics oGraph( &oDaBigOne ); //#MOD
#else
Graphics oGraph( g_hWndGdiPlus );
#endif
oGraph.Clear( Color( 255, 55, 155, 255 ) );
// Draw text
oGraph.SetTextRenderingHint( TextRenderingHintAntiAliasGridFit );
oGraph.SetCompositingMode( CompositingModeSourceOver );
oGraph.SetCompositingQuality( CompositingQualityHighQuality );
oGraph.SetPixelOffsetMode( PixelOffsetModeHighQuality );
const FontFamily oFamily( L"Tahoma", NULL );
#if 1 // Use bold
Font oF600( &oFamily, 6.00, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF848( &oFamily, 8.48, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF849( &oFamily, 8.49, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1200( &oFamily, 12.00, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1500( &oFamily, 15.00, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1648( &oFamily, 16.48, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1649( &oFamily, 16.49, FontStyle::FontStyleBold, Unit::UnitPixel );
#else // Use regular
Font oF600( &oFamily, 6.00, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF848( &oFamily, 8.48, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF849( &oFamily, 8.49, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1200( &oFamily, 12.00, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1500( &oFamily, 15.00, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1648( &oFamily, 16.48, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
Font oF1649( &oFamily, 16.49, FontStyle::FontStyleRegular, Unit::UnitPixel );
#endif
assert( oF600.GetLastStatus() == Ok ); // Make sure font is OK
SolidBrush oBrush( g_oTextColor );
double dy = 10.0;
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 6.00", -1, &oF600, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 8.48", -1, &oF848, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 8.49", -1, &oF849, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 12.00", -1, &oF1200, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 15.00", -1, &oF1500, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 16.48", -1, &oF1648, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
oGraph.DrawString( L"Size 16.49", -1, &oF1649, PointF( 30.0, dy += 18.0 ), &oBrush );
#ifndef USE_LAYERED_WINDOW
return;
#endif
} // Limit oGraph scope //#MOD
// Do da layered window magic stuff
BLENDFUNCTION oBF = { 0 };
oBF.BlendOp = AC_SRC_OVER;
oBF.BlendFlags = 0;
oBF.SourceConstantAlpha = 255;
oBF.AlphaFormat = AC_SRC_ALPHA;
SIZE oSize = { 0 };
oSize.cx = g_iWidth;
oSize.cy = g_iHeight;
POINT oPTZero = { 0 };
RECT oRect = { 0 };
::GetWindowRect( g_hWndGdiPlus, &oRect );
POINT oPTWnd = { 0 };
oPTWnd.x = oRect.left;
oPTWnd.y = oRect.top;
oDaBigOne.GetHBITMAP( oCol, &hBMit ); //#MOD
HGDIOBJ hSave = ::SelectObject( hOff, hBMit ); //#MOD
//HDC hDC = oGraph.GetHDC();
BOOL bOK = ::UpdateLayeredWindow( g_hWndGdiPlus,
NULL, //HDC hdcDst,
&oPTWnd, // POINT &oPtNull,
&oSize, // SIZE *psize,
hOff, // HDC hdcSrc,
&oPTZero, // POINT *pptSrc,
RGB(255,255,255), // COLORREF crKey,
&oBF, // BLENDFUNCTION *pblend,
ULW_ALPHA // DWORD dwFlags
);
} // Draw
void MsgLoop()
{
::SetTimer( g_hWndGdiPlus, 0, 19999, NULL ); // Self-destruct timer
MSG msg = { 0 };
while ( ::GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
{
::TranslateMessage(&msg);
::DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
} // MsgLoop
void RegWndClass()
{
WNDCLASSEX wcex = { 0 };
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_OWNDC;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra = 8; // 8 bytes, to allow for 64-bit architecture
wcex.hInstance = NULL; // CHECK
wcex.hIcon = NULL;
wcex.hCursor = ::LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)NULL_BRUSH; // CHECK
wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wcex.lpszClassName = g_pWndClass;
wcex.hIconSm = NULL;
g_iWndClass = ::RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
} // RegWndClass
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT uiMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
switch( uiMsg )
{
case WM_TIMER:
{
std::wstring s;
std::wcout << L"Let´s quit" ;
::PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;
}
case WM_PAINT:
Draw();
break;
default:
{
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, uiMsg, wParam, lParam );
}
}
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, uiMsg, wParam, lParam );
} // WndProc
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我认为问题在于GDI(没有+)不能很好地支持alpha透明度.充其量,它保持alpha通道不变.
当你使用具有alpha通道的选定位图的HDC构建Graphics对象时......事情变得非常糟糕.我的猜测是GDI +字体栅格化决定了基于大量参数使用哪种方法进行渲染; 然后,如果GDI支持这种方法,它将被使用(并忽略alpha通道); 如果GDI中不支持渲染方法,它将回退到逐像素渲染或类似渲染,并且将正确使用Alpha通道.
因此,要获得正确的结果,您不应使用HDC来修改Alpha通道.请尝试以下更改:
使用位图创建Graphics对象,而不是HDC:
Graphics oGraph( &oDaBigOne );
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)仅在渲染完成后才将位图选择到HDC hOff中.为了确保Graphics对象被破坏更好,用{...}限制其范围.
[编辑]
在新代码之后,解决方案很简单:不仅应该在绘图之后将调用移动到SelectObject(),还要调用GetBitmap().也就是说,这两个函数应该在调用之前:UpdateLayeredWindow():
oDaBigOne.GetHBITMAP( oCol, &hBMit );
HGDIOBJ hSave = ::SelectObject( hOff, hBMit );
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