如何在html/css/js中创建折叠树表？

Question

我有一些数据要显示,包括表格和层次结构.我想让用户能够展开和折叠节点.

有点像这样,除了功能:

http://www.maxdesign.com.au/articles/tree-table/

什么是最好的方法来解决这个问题？我并不反对使用现成的插件.

Answer 1

SlickGrid具有此功能,请参阅树演示.

如果你想构建自己的,这里有一个例子(jsFiddle demo):用一个data-depth属性构建你的表来指示树中项目的深度(levelXCSS类只用于样式缩进): 

<table id="mytable">
    <tr data-depth="0" class="collapse level0">
        <td><span class="toggle collapse"></span>Item 1</td>
        <td>123</td>
    </tr>
    <tr data-depth="1" class="collapse level1">
        <td><span class="toggle"></span>Item 2</td>
        <td>123</td>
    </tr>
</table>

然后,当单击切换链接时,使用Javascript隐藏所有<tr>元素,直到<tr>找到相等或更小的深度(不包括已折叠的那些):

$(function() {
    $('#mytable').on('click', '.toggle', function () {
        //Gets all <tr>'s  of greater depth below element in the table
        var findChildren = function (tr) {
            var depth = tr.data('depth');
            return tr.nextUntil($('tr').filter(function () {
                return $(this).data('depth') <= depth;
            }));
        };

        var el = $(this);
        var tr = el.closest('tr'); //Get <tr> parent of toggle button
        var children = findChildren(tr);

        //Remove already collapsed nodes from children so that we don't
        //make them visible. 
        //(Confused? Remove this code and close Item 2, close Item 1 
        //then open Item 1 again, then you will understand)
        var subnodes = children.filter('.expand');
        subnodes.each(function () {
            var subnode = $(this);
            var subnodeChildren = findChildren(subnode);
            children = children.not(subnodeChildren);
        });

        //Change icon and hide/show children
        if (tr.hasClass('collapse')) {
            tr.removeClass('collapse').addClass('expand');
            children.hide();
        } else {
            tr.removeClass('expand').addClass('collapse');
            children.show();
        }
        return children;
    });
});

Answer 2

在现代浏览器中,您只需要很少的代码来创建可折叠树:

var tree = document.querySelectorAll('ul.tree a:not(:last-child)');
for(var i = 0; i < tree.length; i++){
    tree[i].addEventListener('click', function(e) {
        var parent = e.target.parentElement;
        var classList = parent.classList;
        if(classList.contains("open")) {
            classList.remove('open');
            var opensubs = parent.querySelectorAll(':scope .open');
            for(var i = 0; i < opensubs.length; i++){
                opensubs[i].classList.remove('open');
            }
        } else {
            classList.add('open');
        }
        e.preventDefault();
    });
}

body {
    font-family: Arial;
}

ul.tree li {
    list-style-type: none;
    position: relative;
}

ul.tree li ul {
    display: none;
}

ul.tree li.open > ul {
    display: block;
}

ul.tree li a {
    color: black;
    text-decoration: none;
}

ul.tree li a:before {
    height: 1em;
    padding:0 .1em;
    font-size: .8em;
    display: block;
    position: absolute;
    left: -1.3em;
    top: .2em;
}

ul.tree li > a:not(:last-child):before {
    content: '+';
}

ul.tree li.open > a:not(:last-child):before {
    content: '-';
}

<ul class="tree">
  <li><a href="#">Part 1</a>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#">Item A</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#">Item B</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#">Item C</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#">Item D</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#">Item E</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
    </ul>
  </li>

  <li><a href="#">Part 2</a>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#">Item A</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#">Item B</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#">Item C</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#">Item D</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#">Item E</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
    </ul>
  </li>

  <li><a href="#">Part 3</a>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#">Item A</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#">Item B</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#">Item C</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#">Item D</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#">Item E</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
    </ul>
  </li>
</ul>

(另见小提琴)

Answer 3

jquery是你的朋友.

http://docs.jquery.com/UI/Tree

如果你想自己做,这里有一些高级指导:

将所有数据显示为<ul />内部数据为嵌套的元素<ul />,然后使用jquery:

$('.ulClass').click(function(){ $(this).children().toggle(); });

我认为这是正确的.这样的事情.

编辑:

这是一个完整的例子.

<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title></title>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.5.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
                                                                                                                                                                                <body>
<ul>
    <li><span class="Collapsable">item 1</span><ul>
        <li><span class="Collapsable">item 1</span></li>
        <li><span class="Collapsable">item 2</span><ul>
            <li><span class="Collapsable">item 1</span></li>
            <li><span class="Collapsable">item 2</span></li>
            <li><span class="Collapsable">item 3</span></li>
            <li><span class="Collapsable">item 4</span></li>
        </ul>
        </li>
        <li><span class="Collapsable">item 3</span></li>
        <li><span class="Collapsable">item 4</span><ul>
            <li><span class="Collapsable">item 1</span></li>
            <li><span class="Collapsable">item 2</span></li>
            <li><span class="Collapsable">item 3</span></li>
            <li><span class="Collapsable">item 4</span></li>
        </ul>
        </li>
    </ul>
    </li>
    <li><span class="Collapsable">item 2</span><ul>
        <li><span class="Collapsable">item 1</span></li>
        <li><span class="Collapsable">item 2</span></li>
        <li><span class="Collapsable">item 3</span></li>
        <li><span class="Collapsable">item 4</span></li>
    </ul>
    </li>
    <li><span class="Collapsable">item 3</span><ul>
        <li><span class="Collapsable">item 1</span></li>
        <li><span class="Collapsable">item 2</span></li>
        <li><span class="Collapsable">item 3</span></li>
        <li><span class="Collapsable">item 4</span></li>
    </ul>
    </li>
    <li><span class="Collapsable">item 4</span></li>
</ul>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(".Collapsable").click(function () {

        $(this).parent().children().toggle();
        $(this).toggle();

    });

</script>

Answer 4

HTML 5 允许摘要标签、详细信息元素。它可用于查看或隐藏（折叠/展开）部分。关联

Answer 5

我也会把jsTree丢进去。我发现它非常适合您的特定情况。它打包为jQuery插件。

它可以从各种数据源运行，但是我最喜欢的是一个简单的嵌套列表，如@joe_coolish或此处所述：

<ul>
  <li>
    Item 1
    <ul>
      <li>Item 1.1</li>
      ...
    </ul>
  </li>
  ...
</ul>

当客户端中没有JS时，此结构会优雅地失败到静态树中，并且从编码的角度很容易阅读和理解。