无法导入循环导入问题的名称“app”

Question

几个小时以来，我的代码遇到了一些问题。

我确定这是由循环导入问题引起的，但我还有另一个问题。

我有两个蓝图，auth 和 main。我只是在render_template没有任何数据传递的情况下返回一个，一切都很顺利。但是当我尝试在我的 shwo 中显示某些内容时main.index，突然发生了错误。

我想知道为什么它在auth.views存在循环导入问题的情况下运行良好？

我的树结构

app
  |- auth 
       |- __init__.py
       |- forms.py
       |- views.py
  |- main
       |- __init__.py
       |- forms.py
       |- views.py
  |- template
  |- __init__.py
  |- models.py
config.py
manage.py
datta.sqlite

在auth.__init__.py：

app
  |- auth 
       |- __init__.py
       |- forms.py
       |- views.py
  |- main
       |- __init__.py
       |- forms.py
       |- views.py
  |- template
  |- __init__.py
  |- models.py
config.py
manage.py
datta.sqlite

并在 auth.views.py

from app.auth import auth
from app.models import *
from manage import app


@auth.route('/')
def index():
    page = request.args.get("page", 1, type=int)
    articles = Article.query.order_by(Article.update_time.desc()).paginate(
        page, app.config["ARTICLES_PER_PAGE"], False)

    next_url = url_for('auth.index', page=articles.next_num if articles.has_next else None)
    prev_url = url_for('auth.index', page=articles.prev_num if articles.has_prev else None)
    return render_template('index.html', articles=articles.items,
                           next_url=next_url, prev_url=prev_url)

在main.__init__.py：

from flask import Blueprint

auth = Blueprint("auth", __name__)

from . import views

在main.views.py：

from app.auth import auth
from app.models import *
from manage import app


@auth.route('/')
def index():
    page = request.args.get("page", 1, type=int)
    articles = Article.query.order_by(Article.update_time.desc()).paginate(
        page, app.config["ARTICLES_PER_PAGE"], False)

    next_url = url_for('auth.index', page=articles.next_num if articles.has_next else None)
    prev_url = url_for('auth.index', page=articles.prev_num if articles.has_prev else None)
    return render_template('index.html', articles=articles.items,
                           next_url=next_url, prev_url=prev_url)

在app.__init__.py：

from flask import Blueprint

main = Blueprint("main", __name__)

from . import views

在管理.py

from flask_migrate import Migrate, MigrateCommand
from flask_script import Manager, Shell

from app import create_app, db
from app.models import *

app = create_app()
manager = Manager(app)
migrate = Migrate(app, db)
manager.add_command('db', MigrateCommand)


def make_shell_context():
    return dict(db=db, ArticleType=ArticleType, Source=Source,
                Article=Article, User=User, Menu=Menu,
                ArticleTypeSetting=ArticleTypeSetting)


manager.add_command("shell", Shell(make_context=make_shell_context))
manager.add_command("db", MigrateCommand)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

我的回溯如下：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/bohn/Desktop/1pycharm workspace/BlogPoweredByFlask/manage.py", line 7, in <module>
    app = create_app()
  File "C:\Users\bohn\Desktop\1pycharm workspace\BlogPoweredByFlask\app\__init__.py", line 30, in create_app
    from app.main import main
  File "C:\Users\bohn\Desktop\1pycharm workspace\BlogPoweredByFlask\app\main\__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from . import views
  File "C:\Users\bohn\Desktop\1pycharm workspace\BlogPoweredByFlask\app\main\views.py", line 5, in <module>
    from manage import app
  File "C:\Users\bohn\Desktop\1pycharm workspace\BlogPoweredByFlask\manage.py", line 7, in <module>
    app = create_app()
  File "C:\Users\bohn\Desktop\1pycharm workspace\BlogPoweredByFlask\app\__init__.py", line 33, in create_app
    from app.auth import auth
  File "C:\Users\bohn\Desktop\1pycharm workspace\BlogPoweredByFlask\app\auth\__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from . import views
  File "C:\Users\bohn\Desktop\1pycharm workspace\BlogPoweredByFlask\app\auth\views.py", line 9, in <module>
    from manage import app
ImportError: cannot import name 'app'

Answer 1

过去的方法是使用flask.current_app而不是尝试导入app.

在 main.views 中，替换

from manage import app

和

from flask import current_app

然后，而不是app.config[...]，使用current_app.config[...]