使用HTTP PROXY - Python

Question

我很熟悉我应该将HTTP_RPOXY环境变量设置为代理地址.

一般urllib工作正常,问题是处理urllib2.

>>> urllib2.urlopen("http://www.google.com").read()

回报

urllib2.URLError: <urlopen error [Errno 10061] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it>

要么

urllib2.URLError: <urlopen error [Errno 11004] getaddrinfo failed>

---

额外信息:

urllib.urlopen(....)工作正常!只是urllib2正在玩耍...

我试过@Fenikso的答案,但我现在收到这个错误:

URLError: <urlopen error [Errno 10060] A connection attempt failed because the 
connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established
connection failed because connected host has failed to respond>      

---

有任何想法吗？

Answer 1

即使没有HTTP_PROXY环境变量,您也可以这样做.试试这个样本:

import urllib2

proxy_support = urllib2.ProxyHandler({"http":"http://61.233.25.166:80"})
opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_support)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)

html = urllib2.urlopen("http://www.google.com").read()
print html

在您的情况下,似乎代理服务器似乎拒绝连接.

还有更多尝试:

import urllib2

#proxy = "61.233.25.166:80"
proxy = "YOUR_PROXY_GOES_HERE"

proxies = {"http":"http://%s" % proxy}
url = "http://www.google.com/search?q=test"
headers={'User-agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0'}

proxy_support = urllib2.ProxyHandler(proxies)
opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_support, urllib2.HTTPHandler(debuglevel=1))
urllib2.install_opener(opener)

req = urllib2.Request(url, None, headers)
html = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()
print html

编辑2014: 这似乎是一个受欢迎的问题/答案.但是今天我会改用第三方requests模块.

对于一个请求,只需:

import requests

r = requests.get("http://www.google.com", 
                 proxies={"http": "http://61.233.25.166:80"})
print(r.text)

对于多个请求,请使用Session对象,这样您就不必proxies在所有请求中添加参数:

import requests

s = requests.Session()
s.proxies = {"http": "http://61.233.25.166:80"}

r = s.get("http://www.google.com")
print(r.text)

Answer 2

我建议你只使用请求模块.

它比内置的http客户端容易得多:http: //docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/index.html

样品用法:

r = requests.get('http://www.thepage.com', proxies={"http":"http://myproxy:3129"})
thedata = r.content

Answer 3

只是想提一下,如果https_proxy需要访问https URL ,您可能还需要设置OS环境变量.在我的情况下,这对我来说并不明显,我试了几个小时才发现这个.

我的用例:Win 7,jython-standalone-2.5.3.jar,通过ez_setup.py安装setuptools