如何获得Java Hashmap上的冲突数量指标？

Question

我正在实现一个自定义哈希函数,如果我在HashMap桶中发生了多次冲突,我怎么知道桶中存储了多少元素？

Answer 1

API中没有直接支持.table用于存储存储桶的成员变量甚至不是公共的,因此扩展类不会让你走得太远.

假设您正在评估哈希函数而不是在生产代码中执行此操作,则可以使用反射传递这些约束.

我设法打印了桶的内容.从这一点来分析分布指标应该不难.这是代码:

试驾司机:

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.*;

class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        SubHashMap<String, Integer> map = new SubHashMap<String, Integer>();

        map.put("zero",  0); map.put("one",   1); map.put("two", 2);
        map.put("three", 3); map.put("four",  4); map.put("five", 5);
        map.put("six",   6); map.put("seven", 7); map.put("eight", 8);

        map.dumpBuckets();
    }

}

SubHashMap:

class SubHashMap<K, V> extends HashMap<K, V> {

    public void dumpBuckets() throws Exception {

        Field f = HashMap.class.getDeclaredField("table");
        f.setAccessible(true);

        Map.Entry<K, V>[] table = (Map.Entry<K, V>[]) f.get(this);

        Class<?> hashMapEntryClass = null;
        for (Class<?> c : HashMap.class.getDeclaredClasses())
            if ("java.util.HashMap.Entry".equals(c.getCanonicalName()))
                hashMapEntryClass = c;

        Field nextField = hashMapEntryClass.getDeclaredField("next");
        nextField.setAccessible(true);

        for (int i = 0; i < table.length; i++) {

            System.out.print("Bucket " + i + ": ");
            Map.Entry<K, V> entry = table[i];

            while (entry != null) {
                System.out.print(entry.getKey() + " ");
                entry = (Map.Entry<K, V>) nextField.get(entry);
            }

            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

输出:

Bucket 0: 
Bucket 1: two 
Bucket 2: 
Bucket 3: seven five 
Bucket 4: 
Bucket 5: 
Bucket 6: 
Bucket 7: one 
Bucket 8: three 
Bucket 9: 
Bucket 10: 
Bucket 11: four 
Bucket 12: zero 
Bucket 13: 
Bucket 14: eight 
Bucket 15: six