Laravel 关联关系,如果不存在则创建

use*_*846 1 php laravel eloquent laravel-5

你好,我是 Laravel 新人,在理解如何创建关系方面有点挣扎。我正在尝试在 laravel 中制作一个基本的 Restful api 并有 3 个模型

class Book extends Model {
   public function author()
   {
        return $this->belongsTo(Author::class);
   }

   public function categories()
   {
        return $this->belongsToMany('App\Category', 'category_book')
        ->withTimestamps();
   }

}

class Author extends Model
{
    public function books(){
        return $this->hasMany(Book::class);
    }
}

class Category extends Model
{
    public function books()
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany('App\Book', 'category_book')
           ->withTimestamps();
    }
}
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表迁移:

Schema::create('books', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->engine = "InnoDB";
    $table->increments('id');
    $table->string('ISBN', 32);
    $table->string('title');
    $table->integer('author_id')->unsigned();
    $table->float('price')->default(0);
    $table->timestamps();
});

Schema::create('authors', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->engine = "InnoDB";
    $table->bigIncrements('id');
    $table->string('name');
    $table->string('surname');
    $table->timestamps();
});

  Schema::create('categories', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->engine = "InnoDB";
    $table->bigIncrements('id');
    $table->string('name');
    $table->timestamps();
}); 

Schema::create('category_book', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->bigIncrements('id');
    $table->integer('category_id')->unsigned();
    //$table->foreign('category_id')->references('id')->on('categories')->onDelete('cascade');
    $table->integer('book_id')->unsigned();
    //$table->foreign('book_id')->references('id')->on('books')->onDelete('cascade');
    $table->timestamps();
});   
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books 是主表,作者与 books 具有一对多关系。类别与书籍具有多对多的关系,因为一本书可以属于多个类别。

books 表有一个author_id 字段将其链接到作者表。还有一个名为category_books 的数据透视表,其中包含category_id 和book_id,用于将书籍链接到类别。

假设我想创建一个新的图书记录,如果作者存在,则将该书与该作者关联,但如果不存在,我想创建一个新的作者记录,然后将该书与该作者关联?

我也希望能够对类别做同样的事情

我的图书控制器中有以下内容:

    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $book = new book;
        $book->title = $request->title;
        $book->ISBN = $request->ISBN;
        $book->price = $request->price;
        $book->categories()->associate($request->category);
        $book->save();

        return response()->json($book, 201);
    }
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IGP*_*IGP 6

首先,在行中

$book->categories()->associate($request->category);
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associate()当您想要更新关系时使用该方法belongsTo。$book->categories() 是多对多关系 ( belongsToMany),因此您应该使用attach()它。

其次,如果你想关联一个可能存在或不存在的作者,你可以使用该firstOrCreate方法。

$author = Author::firstOrCreate([
    'name' => $request->author_name,
    'surname' => $request->author_surname
]);
$book->author()->associate($author);
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您可以对类别或书籍执行相同的操作。

$category = Category::firstOrCreate([
    'name' => $request->category_name
]);
$book->categories()->attach($category);
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$book = Book::firstOrCreate([
    'ISBN' => $request->book_isbn,
    'title' => $request->book_title,
    'price' => $request->book_price
]);
$category->books()->attach($book);
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的使用firstOrCreate()记录在这里 https://laravel.com/docs/5.8/eloquent#other-creation-methods 此页面有更多关于 Eloquent 关系方法的信息 https://laravel.com/docs/5.8/eloquent-relationships