如何在C#中的每个方法调用中添加Trace()？

Question

我很难跟踪锁定问题,所以我想记录每个方法调用的进入和退出.我以前用C++完成了这个,而不必为每个方法添加代码.这可能与C#有关吗？

Answer 1

可能你最好的选择是使用AOP(面向方面​​编程)框架在方法执行之前和之后自动调用跟踪代码.PostSharp是AOP和.NET的流行选择.

Answer 2

如果您的主要目标是记录函数入口/出口点以及其间的偶尔信息，那么我使用一次性日志对象取得了很好的结果，其中构造函数跟踪函数入口，Dispose() 跟踪出口。这允许调用代码将每个方法的代码简单地包装在单个using语句中。还为中间的任意日志提供了方法。下面是一个完整的 C# ETW 事件跟踪类以及函数入口/出口包装器：

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Diagnostics.Tracing;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;

namespace MyExample
{
    // This class traces function entry/exit
    // Constructor is used to automatically log function entry.
    // Dispose is used to automatically log function exit.
    // use "using(FnTraceWrap x = new FnTraceWrap()){ function code }" pattern for function entry/exit tracing
    public class FnTraceWrap : IDisposable
    {
        string methodName;
        string className;

        private bool _disposed = false;

        public FnTraceWrap()
        {
            StackFrame frame;
            MethodBase method;

            frame = new StackFrame(1);
            method = frame.GetMethod();
            this.methodName = method.Name;
            this.className = method.DeclaringType.Name;

            MyEventSourceClass.Log.TraceEnter(this.className, this.methodName);
        }

        public void TraceMessage(string format, params object[] args)
        {
            string message = String.Format(format, args);
            MyEventSourceClass.Log.TraceMessage(message);
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            if (!this._disposed)
            {
                this._disposed = true;
                MyEventSourceClass.Log.TraceExit(this.className, this.methodName);
            }
        }
    }

    [EventSource(Name = "MyEventSource")]
    sealed class MyEventSourceClass : EventSource
    {
        // Global singleton instance
        public static MyEventSourceClass Log = new MyEventSourceClass();

        private MyEventSourceClass()
        {
        }

        [Event(1, Opcode = EventOpcode.Info, Level = EventLevel.Informational)]
        public void TraceMessage(string message)
        {
            WriteEvent(1, message);
        }

        [Event(2, Message = "{0}({1}) - {2}: {3}", Opcode = EventOpcode.Info, Level = EventLevel.Informational)]
        public void TraceCodeLine([CallerFilePath] string filePath = "",
                                  [CallerLineNumber] int line = 0,
                                  [CallerMemberName] string memberName = "", string message = "")
        {
            WriteEvent(2, filePath, line, memberName, message);
        }

        // Function-level entry and exit tracing
        [Event(3, Message = "Entering {0}.{1}", Opcode = EventOpcode.Start, Level = EventLevel.Informational)]
        public void TraceEnter(string className, string methodName)
        {
            WriteEvent(3, className, methodName);
        }

        [Event(4, Message = "Exiting {0}.{1}", Opcode = EventOpcode.Stop, Level = EventLevel.Informational)]
        public void TraceExit(string className, string methodName)
        {
            WriteEvent(4, className, methodName);
        }
    }
}

使用它的代码将如下所示：

public void DoWork(string foo)
{
    using (FnTraceWrap fnTrace = new FnTraceWrap())
    {
        fnTrace.TraceMessage("Doing work on {0}.", foo);
        /*
        code ...
        */
    }
}